rot
English edit
Etymology edit
From Middle English roten, rotten, from Old English rotian (“to rot, become corrupted, ulcerate, putrefy”), from Proto-West Germanic *rotēn, from Proto-Germanic *rutāną (“to rot”).
Pronunciation edit
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /ɹɒt/
- (General American) IPA(key): /ɹɑt/
Audio (GA): (file) - (General Australian, New Zealand) IPA(key): /ɹɔt/
- Homophone: wrought (in accents with the cot–caught merger)
- Rhymes: -ɒt
Verb edit
rot (third-person singular simple present rots, present participle rotting, simple past and past participle rotted)
- (intransitive) To suffer decomposition due to biological action, especially by fungi or bacteria.
- The apple left in the cupboard all that time had started to rot.
- 1733, [Alexander Pope], An Essay on Man. […], (please specify |epistle=I to IV), London: Printed for J[ohn] Wilford, […], →OCLC:
- Fix'd like a plant on his peculiar spot, / To draw nutrition, propagate, and rot.
- (intransitive) To decline in function or utility.
- Your brain will rot if you spend so much time on the computer, Tony!
- (transitive, intransitive) To (cause to) deteriorate in any way, as in morals; to corrupt.
- (transitive) To make putrid; to cause to be wholly or partially decomposed by natural processes.
- to rot vegetable fiber
- (intransitive, figurative) To spend a long period of time (in an unpleasant place).
- to rot in prison
- to rot in Hell
- 1849–1861, Thomas Babington Macaulay, The History of England from the Accession of James the Second, volumes (please specify |volume=I to V), London: Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, →OCLC:
- Four of the sufferers were left to rot in irons.
- 1848, William Makepeace Thackeray, The Book of Snobs:
- Rot, poor bachelor, in your club.
- (transitive) To expose, as flax, to a process of maceration, etc., for the purpose of separating the fiber; to ret.
- (dated, slang) To talk nonsense.
- 1894, H. G. Wells, The Hammerpond Park Burglary:
- “Did they hang you well?” said Porson.
“Don’t rot,” said Mr Watkins; “I don’t like it.”
- 1991, Stephen Fry, chapter III, in The Liar, London: William Heinemann, →ISBN, page 26:
- Adrian thought it worth while to try out his new slang. ‘I say, you fellows, here's a rum go. Old Biffo was jolly odd this morning. He gave me a lot of pi-jaw about slacking and then invited me to tea. No rotting! He did really.’
Synonyms edit
Translations edit
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- The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.
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Noun edit
rot (countable and uncountable, plural rots)
- The process of becoming rotten; putrefaction.
- Decaying matter.
- 2016, Nathanael Johnson, Unseen City, →ISBN, page 115:
- When a turkey vulture detects the scent of rot, it circles down, tracing the plume of chemicals to its source.
- Any of several diseases in which breakdown of tissue occurs.
- 1658–1663, John Milton, Paradise Lost:
- His cattle must of rot and murrain die.
- (uncountable) Verbal nonsense.
- You're talking rot! I don't believe a word.
Synonyms edit
- (nonsense): See also Thesaurus:nonsense
Translations edit
Derived terms edit
- Alabama rot
- Barcoo rot
- bed rot
- bit rot
- bitter rot
- black rot
- brain rot
- brain-rot
- brown rot
- cotton root rot
- crotch rot
- data rot
- disc rot
- disk rot
- dry-rot
- dry rot
- fin rot
- foot rot
- gambler's rot
- gut rot
- heart rot
- jungle rot
- knob rot
- laser rot
- linkrot
- liver rot
- mushroom root rot
- noble rot
- pelt rot
- pizzle rot
- potter's rot
- red rot
- ring rot
- root rot
- rot-13
- rot gut
- rot in hell
- rot me
- rot-proof
- rot-steep
- rot through
- sap rot
- soft rot
- software rot
- star rot
- Texas root rot
- tommy-rot
- violet root rot
- wet rot
- wet-rot
- white rot
- wood-rot
Anagrams edit
Afrikaans edit
Etymology edit
From Dutch rot, dialectal form of rat.
Pronunciation edit
Audio: (file)
Noun edit
rot (plural rotte)
See also edit
Alemannic German edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Middle High German rōt (“red, red-haired”), from Old High German rōt (“red, scarlet, purple-red, brown-red, yellow-red”), from Proto-Germanic *raudaz. Cognate with German rot, Dutch rood, English red, West Frisian read, Danish rød.
Adjective edit
rot
References edit
- Patuzzi, Umberto, ed., (2013) Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole / Ünsarne börtar / Unsere Wörter [Our Words], Luserna, Italy: Comitato unitario delle isole linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
Catalan edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
rot m (plural rots)
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “rot” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “rot”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
Dutch edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
See rotten
Adjective edit
rot (comparative rotter, superlative rotst)
Inflection edit
Declension of rot | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
uninflected | rot | |||
inflected | rotte | |||
comparative | rotter | |||
positive | comparative | superlative | ||
predicative/adverbial | rot | rotter | het rotst het rotste | |
indefinite | m./f. sing. | rotte | rottere | rotste |
n. sing. | rot | rotter | rotste | |
plural | rotte | rottere | rotste | |
definite | rotte | rottere | rotste | |
partitive | rots | rotters | — |
Derived terms edit
Noun edit
rot n (plural rotten, diminutive rotje n)
Etymology 2 edit
From Middle Dutch rotte.
Noun edit
rot f (plural rotten, diminutive rotje n)
Derived terms edit
Etymology 3 edit
From Middle Dutch rote.
Noun edit
rot n or f (plural rotten, diminutive rotje n)
Anagrams edit
French edit
Etymology edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
rot m (plural rots)
- (colloquial) belch, burp
- Synonyms: éructation, renvoi
- 2014, Édouard Louis, En finir avec Eddy Bellegueule [The End of Eddy], Le Seuil:
- Des habitudes, des façons de se comporter qui m’avaient façonné et qui pourtant, déjà, me semblaient déplacées — comme les habitudes de ma famille : se promener nu dans la maison, les rots à table, les mains qui n’étaient pas lavées avant le repas.
- Habits and ways of behaving which had moulded me, and yet already seemed inappropriate to me – like the way my family would walk around the house naked, burp at the table, not wash their hands before a meal.
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
- “rot”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Friulian edit
Etymology edit
Adjective edit
rot (feminine rote)
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
German edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Middle High German rōt (“red, red-haired”), from Old High German rōt (“red, scarlet, purple-red, brown-red, yellow-red”), from Proto-West Germanic *raud, from Proto-Germanic *raudaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós, from *h₁rewdʰ-.
Compare Low German root, rod, rot, Dutch rood, English red, West Frisian read, Danish rød.
Pronunciation edit
Adjective edit
rot (strong nominative masculine singular roter, comparative röter or roter, superlative am rötesten or am rotesten)
- red (colour)
- (politics, relational) red (pertaining to Marxism in the widest sense: social democratic, socialist, communist)
- (politics, Germany, in particular, relational) of the social democratic SPD or the more rigidly socialist Linke
- (possibly mildly offensive) red-haired
- (historical, possibly offensive) redskin; Native American; Indian
Declension edit
number & gender | singular | plural | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
predicative | er ist rot | sie ist rot | es ist rot | sie sind rot | |
strong declension (without article) |
nominative | roter | rote | rotes | rote |
genitive | roten | roter | roten | roter | |
dative | rotem | roter | rotem | roten | |
accusative | roten | rote | rotes | rote | |
weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der rote | die rote | das rote | die roten |
genitive | des roten | der roten | des roten | der roten | |
dative | dem roten | der roten | dem roten | den roten | |
accusative | den roten | die rote | das rote | die roten | |
mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein roter | eine rote | ein rotes | (keine) roten |
genitive | eines roten | einer roten | eines roten | (keiner) roten | |
dative | einem roten | einer roten | einem roten | (keinen) roten | |
accusative | einen roten | eine rote | ein rotes | (keine) roten |
Synonyms edit
Hyponyms edit
Derived terms edit
Related terms edit
Further reading edit
German Low German edit
Adjective edit
rot
- Alternative spelling of root
Icelandic edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
rot n (genitive singular rots, no plural)
Declension edit
Related terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
See rotna
Noun edit
rot n (genitive singular rots, nominative plural rot)
Declension edit
Related terms edit
Middle English edit
Etymology 1 edit
Noun edit
rot
- Alternative form of rote (“root”)
Etymology 2 edit
Verb edit
rot
- Alternative form of roten (“to rot”)
Etymology 3 edit
A back-formation from roten (“to rot”).
Alternative forms edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
rot (uncountable)
- Rotting or decomposition; the situation where something rots.
- Any disease which causes decaying and decomposition in humans.
- A disease that afflicts sheep; footrot, the rot.
Descendants edit
- English: rot
References edit
- “rō̆t, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007, retrieved 2019-02-24.
Norwegian Bokmål edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Norse rót, from Proto-Germanic *wrōts, from Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds.
Noun edit
rot m or f (definite singular rota or roten, indefinite plural røtter, definite plural røttene)
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Verb edit
rot
- imperative of rote
References edit
- “rot” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
From Old Norse rót, from Proto-Germanic *wrōts, from Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds. Akin to English root.
Noun edit
rot f (definite singular rota, indefinite plural røter, definite plural røtene)
Inflection edit
Historical inflection of rot
Forms in italics are currently considered non-standard. Forms in [brackets] were official, but considered second-tier. Forms in (parentheses) were allowed under Midlandsnormalen. 1Nouns were capitalised for most of the 19th century. 2Form was allowed for schoolchildren as of 1910. |
Derived terms edit
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
rot n (definite singular rotet, uncountable)
- a mess, untidiness, chaos
- Det er for mykje rot på loftet. Me må rydda.
- The attic is a mess. We have to tidy it up.
- Når me prøver å samarbeida med dei, blir det berre rot.
- When we try working with them, it just turns into chaos.
References edit
- “rot” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Anagrams edit
Old Dutch edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-West Germanic *raud.
Adjective edit
rōt
Inflection edit
This adjective needs an inflection-table template.
Descendants edit
- Middle Dutch: rôot
Further reading edit
- “rōt”, in Oudnederlands Woordenboek, 2012
Old High German edit
Etymology edit
From Proto-West Germanic *raud, from Proto-Germanic *raudaz, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rowdʰós, from *h₁rewdʰ-.
Adjective edit
rōt
Descendants edit
Old Swedish edit
Etymology edit
From Old Norse rót, from Proto-Germanic *wrōts.
Noun edit
rōt f
Declension edit
Descendants edit
- Swedish: rot
Pennsylvania German edit
Etymology edit
From Middle High German and Old High German rōt, from Proto-West Germanic *raud, from Proto-Germanic *raudaz. Compare German rot, Dutch rood, English red.
Adjective edit
rot
Polish edit
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
rot f
Swedish edit
Etymology edit
From Old Swedish rōt, from Old Norse rót, from Proto-Germanic *wrōts, from Proto-Indo-European *wréh₂ds.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
rot c
- root; the part of a plant that anchors the plant body
- the part of a tooth extending into the bone holding the tooth in place
- source; an underlying cause
- Kärleken till pengar är roten till allt ont.
- The love of money is the root of all evil.
- (mathematics) of a number n, a positive number which, when raised to a specified power, yields n; the square root is understood if no power is specified
- Kubikroten ur 27 är 3.
- The cube root of 27 is 3.
- Multiplicera med roten ur 2.
- Multiply by root 2.
- (mathematics) a zero (of a function).
- (mathematics) a designated node in a tree.
- (mathematics) curl; a measure on how fast a vector field rotates: it can be described as the cross product of del and a given vectorial field
- (computing) root directory
- (linguistics) a word from which another word is derived.
Declension edit
Declension of rot | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Singular | Plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Nominative | rot | roten | rötter | rötterna |
Genitive | rots | rotens | rötters | rötternas |
Synonyms edit
- källa (3)
- nollställe (5)
Derived terms edit
- rotvälta (1)
Related terms edit
See also edit
Further reading edit
- rot in Svensk ordbok.
Anagrams edit
Tok Pisin edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
rot
- road, street
- '2003, Mühlhäusler et al., Tok Pisin texts, John Benjamins Publishing Company, page 9:
- Planti liklik rot i stap long ailan hia.
- Many little roads exist on this island.
- Planti liklik rot i stap long ailan hia.
- '2003, Mühlhäusler et al., Tok Pisin texts, John Benjamins Publishing Company, page 9:
References edit
Tok Pisin texts: from the beginning to the present / edited by Peter Mühlhäusler, Thomas E. Dutton, Suzanne Romaine. / John Benjamins Publishing Company / Copyright 2003 / →ISBN / page 106
Vilamovian edit
Etymology edit
From Italian rata (“installment”).
Pronunciation edit
Audio: (file)
Noun edit
rōt f (plural rota)
- installment (a kind of payment)
- English terms inherited from Middle English
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- af:Rodents
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- enm:Diseases
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