toucher
English
editEtymology
editFrom Middle English toucher, equivalent to touch + -er. The pejorative sense is derived from the sense of "touching" someone for money.
Pronunciation
edit- Rhymes: -ʌtʃə(ɹ)
Noun
edittoucher (plural touchers)
- One who touches.
- 1852 March – 1853 September, Charles Dickens, chapter 4, in Bleak House, London: Bradbury and Evans, […], published 1853, →OCLC, page 25:
- We just twist up Chancery-lane, and cut along Holborn, and there we are in four minutes time, as near as a toucher.
- (bowls) A ball lying in contact with the jack.
- (Geordie, derogatory) A toucha; one who tries to get something out of others for nothing in return.
Derived terms
editAnagrams
editFrench
editEtymology
editInherited from Middle French toucher, from Old French tochier, from Vulgar Latin *toccāre, *tuccāre (“to strike; to touch”), probably of Germanic origin, or onomatopoetic.
Pronunciation
edit- IPA(key): /tu.ʃe/
Audio (Paris): (file) - Rhymes: -e
- Homophones: touchai, touché, touchée, touchées, touchers, touchés, touchez
Noun
edittoucher m (plural touchers)
Verb
edittoucher
- (transitive) to touch (physically)
- Ne me touche pas ! ― Don't touch me!
- (transitive) to affect
- La maladie touche actuellement 2 millions de personnes. ― The disease currently affects 2 million people.
- (transitive) to receive, to get; to earn (money)
- Synonym: gagner
- (transitive with à) to try, to try out
- Je n’ai jamais touché au tabac. ― I've never tried tobacco.
- (informal, transitive with en) to know a thing or two about
- Ce mec est un ancien critique d’art. Je peux te dire qu’il touche en peinture! ― This guy is a former art critic. Believe me, he knows a thing or two about painting!
Conjugation
editConjugation of toucher (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive | simple | toucher | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | touchant /tu.ʃɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | touché /tu.ʃe/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | touche /tuʃ/ |
touches /tuʃ/ |
touche /tuʃ/ |
touchons /tu.ʃɔ̃/ |
touchez /tu.ʃe/ |
touchent /tuʃ/ |
imperfect | touchais /tu.ʃɛ/ |
touchais /tu.ʃɛ/ |
touchait /tu.ʃɛ/ |
touchions /tu.ʃjɔ̃/ |
touchiez /tu.ʃje/ |
touchaient /tu.ʃɛ/ | |
past historic2 | touchai /tu.ʃe/ |
touchas /tu.ʃa/ |
toucha /tu.ʃa/ |
touchâmes /tu.ʃam/ |
touchâtes /tu.ʃat/ |
touchèrent /tu.ʃɛʁ/ | |
future | toucherai /tuʃ.ʁe/ |
toucheras /tuʃ.ʁa/ |
touchera /tuʃ.ʁa/ |
toucherons /tuʃ.ʁɔ̃/ |
toucherez /tuʃ.ʁe/ |
toucheront /tuʃ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | toucherais /tuʃ.ʁɛ/ |
toucherais /tuʃ.ʁɛ/ |
toucherait /tuʃ.ʁɛ/ |
toucherions /tu.ʃə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
toucheriez /tu.ʃə.ʁje/ |
toucheraient /tuʃ.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | touche /tuʃ/ |
touches /tuʃ/ |
touche /tuʃ/ |
touchions /tu.ʃjɔ̃/ |
touchiez /tu.ʃje/ |
touchent /tuʃ/ |
imperfect2 | touchasse /tu.ʃas/ |
touchasses /tu.ʃas/ |
touchât /tu.ʃa/ |
touchassions /tu.ʃa.sjɔ̃/ |
touchassiez /tu.ʃa.sje/ |
touchassent /tu.ʃas/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | touche /tuʃ/ |
— | touchons /tu.ʃɔ̃/ |
touchez /tu.ʃe/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
Derived terms
editDescendants
edit- → Dutch: toucheren
- → German: touchieren
References
edit- Nouveau Petit Larousse illustré. Dictionnaire encyclopédique. Paris, Librairie Larousse, 1952, 146th edition
Further reading
edit- “toucher”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Middle French
editEtymology
editFrom Old French tochier.
Verb
edittoucher
- to touch
Conjugation
edit- Middle French conjugation varies from one text to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of toucher
infinitive | simple | toucher | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle1 or gerund2 | simple | touchant | |||||
compound | present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past participle | touché | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ie (i’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | touche | touches | touche | touchons | touchez | touchent |
imperfect | touchois, touchoys | touchois, touchoys | touchoit, touchoyt | touchions, touchyons | touchiez, touchyez | touchoient, touchoyent | |
past historic | toucha | touchas | toucha | touchasmes | touchastes | toucherent | |
future | toucherai, toucheray | toucheras | touchera | toucherons | toucherez | toucheront | |
conditional | toucherois, toucheroys | toucherois, toucheroys | toucheroit, toucheroyt | toucherions, toucheryons | toucheriez, toucheryez | toucheroient, toucheroyent | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ie (i’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ilz, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | touche | touches | touche | touchons | touchez | touchent |
imperfect | touchasse | touchasses | touchast | touchassions | touchassiez | touchassent | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | touche | — | touchons | touchez | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679. | |||||||
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château [1995], op. cit., p. 180). |
Descendants
edit- French: toucher
- → Dutch: toucheren
- → German: touchieren
- → German: tuschen
Categories:
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms suffixed with -er
- Rhymes:English/ʌtʃə(ɹ)
- Rhymes:English/ʌtʃə(ɹ)/2 syllables
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English terms with quotations
- en:Bowls (game)
- Geordie English
- English derogatory terms
- French terms derived from Frankish
- French terms derived from Proto-West Germanic
- French terms derived from Proto-Germanic
- French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- French terms inherited from Middle French
- French terms derived from Middle French
- French terms inherited from Old French
- French terms derived from Old French
- French terms inherited from Vulgar Latin
- French terms derived from Vulgar Latin
- French terms derived from Germanic languages
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio links
- Rhymes:French/e
- French terms with homophones
- French lemmas
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French masculine nouns
- French verbs
- French transitive verbs
- French terms with usage examples
- French informal terms
- French verbs with conjugation -er
- French first group verbs
- fr:Senses
- Middle French terms inherited from Old French
- Middle French terms derived from Old French
- Middle French lemmas
- Middle French verbs
- Middle French first group verbs