ág

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ag"

Hungarian

Etymology

From Proto-Finno-Ugric *šaŋka. Cognates include Northern Mansi таг (tag, “twig, branch”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈaːɡ]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: ág
• Rhymes: -aːɡ

Noun

ág (plural ágak)

1. (botany and figuratively) branch

   Holonyms: fa, bokor

   Coordinate terms: rügy, hajtás, vessző, gally, törzs

Declension

Inflection (stem in -a-, back harmony)

	singular	plural
nominative	ág	ágak
accusative	ágat	ágakat
dative	ágnak	ágaknak
instrumental	ággal	ágakkal
causal-final	ágért	ágakért
translative	ággá	ágakká
terminative	ágig	ágakig
essive-formal	ágként	ágakként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	ágban	ágakban
superessive	ágon	ágakon
adessive	ágnál	ágaknál
illative	ágba	ágakba
sublative	ágra	ágakra
allative	ághoz	ágakhoz
elative	ágból	ágakból
delative	ágról	ágakról
ablative	ágtól	ágaktól
non-attributive possessive – singular	ágé	ágaké
non-attributive possessive – plural	ágéi	ágakéi

Possessive forms of ág

possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	ágam	ágaim
2nd person sing.	ágad	ágaid
3rd person sing.	ága	ágai
1st person plural	águnk	ágaink
2nd person plural	ágatok	ágaitok
3rd person plural	águk	ágaik

Derived terms

• áganként
• ágas
• ágastul
• ágazat
• ágazik
• ágú

Compound words

• ágrólszakadt
• faág
• iparág
• oldalág
• sportág
• tudományág
• üzletág

Expressions

• zöld ágra vergődik

Further reading

• ág in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.
• ág in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *āgos, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eǵ- (“to drive”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /aːɣ/

Noun

ág m (genitive áig or ága)

1. fight, battle, contest

Inflection

Masculine o-stem

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	ág	ágL	áigL
vocative	áig	ágL	águH
accusative	ágN	ágL	águH
genitive	áigL	ág	ágN
dative	ágL	ágaib	ágaib

Initial mutations of a following adjective:

• ^H = triggers aspiration
• ^L = triggers lenition
• ^N = triggers nasalization

Masculine u-stem

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	ág	ágL	ágaeH
vocative	ág	ágL	águ
accusative	ágN	ágL	águ
genitive	ágoH, ágaH	ágoL, ágaL	ágaeN
dative	ágL	ágaib	ágaib

Initial mutations of a following adjective:

• ^H = triggers aspiration
• ^L = triggers lenition
• ^N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

• Irish: ágh

See also

• ár (“slaughter”)

Mutation

Mutation of ág

radical	lenition	nasalization
ág (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)	unchanged	n-ág

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “2 ág”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language