γράφω

Ancient GreekEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Hellenic *grəpʰō, from Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ-. Cognates include Old English ċeorfan (English carve), Old Church Slavonic жрѣбъ (žrěbŭ).

PronunciationEdit

 

VerbEdit

γρᾰ́φω (gráphō)

  1. (Epic) to scratch, cut into
    • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 17.599:
      γράψεν δέ οἱ ὀστέον ἄχρις / αἰχμὴ Πουλυδάμαντος []
      grápsen dé hoi ostéon ákhris / aikhmḕ Pouludámantos []
      and the spearpoint of Polydamas scratched him close to the bone []
  2. to draw, sketch, paint
  3. to write
  4. to write down, propose a law
    • 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Hellenica 1.7.34:
      ταῦτ’ εἰπὼν Εὐρυπτόλεμος ἔγραψε γνώμην κατὰ τὸ Καννωνοῦ ψήφισμα κρίνεσθαι τοὺς ἄνδρας δίχα ἕκαστον.
      taût’ eipṑn Euruptólemos égrapse gnṓmēn katà tò Kannōnoû psḗphisma krínesthai toùs ándras díkha hékaston.
      After saying this, Euryptolemus proposed a resolution that the men be tried under the decree of Cannonus, each one separately.
  5. (middle)
    1. (indirect reflexive) write down for oneself, note down
      • 366 BCE – 348 BCE, Plato, Theaetetus 143a:
        Τερψίων   ἀτὰρ τίνες ἦσαν οἱ λόγοι; ἔχοις ἂν διηγήσασθαι;
        Εὐκλείδης   οὐ μὰ τὸν Δία, [] ἀλλ’ ἐγραψάμην μὲν τότ’ εὐθὺς οἴκαδ’ ἐλθὼν ὑπομνήματα [] .
        Terpsíōn   atàr tínes êsan hoi lógoi? ékhois àn diēgḗsasthai?
        Eukleídēs   ou mà tòn Día, [] all’ egrapsámēn mèn tót’ euthùs oíkad’ elthṑn hupomnḗmata [] .
        Terpsion: But what was the talk? Can you repeat it?
        Eucleides: No, by Zeus, but I wrote myself notes as soon as I came home.
    2. to indict, prosecute
      • 330 BCE, Demosthenes, On the Crown 13:
        δεῖ [] ταῖς ἐκ τῶν νόμων τιμωρίαις παρ’ αὐτὰ τἀδικήματα χρῆσθαι, [] εἰ δὲ γράφοντα παράνομα, παρανόμων γραφόμενον
        deî [] taîs ek tôn nómōn timōríais par’ autà tadikḗmata khrêsthai, [] ei dè gráphonta paránoma, paranómōn graphómenon
        he must make use of the legal punishments for these crimes: [] if [I] proposed illegal measures, to indict [me] for breaking the law
      οἱ γραψάμενοι
      hoi grapsámenoi
      the prosecutors
  6. (perfect passive) be written down, be in written form
    • 366 BCE – 348 BCE, Plato, Theaetetus 143a:
      Εὐκλείδης   [] ὥστε μοι σχεδόν τι πᾶς ὁ λόγος γέγραπται.
      Eukleídēs   [] hṓste moi skhedón ti pâs ho lógos gégraptai.
      Eucleides:   [] So I have pretty much the whole conversation written down.

ConjugationEdit

Derived termsEdit

DescendantsEdit

  • Greek: γράφω (gráfo)
  • Mariupol Greek: гра́фту (hráftu)
  • Italian: graffire

ReferencesEdit

Further readingEdit

GreekEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Ancient Greek γράφω (gráphō), from Proto-Hellenic *grəpʰō, from Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ-. For the stems, see Related terms.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈɣra.fo/
  • Hyphenation: γρά‧φω

VerbEdit

γράφω (gráfo) (past έγραψα, passive γράφομαι)

  1. write, pen
  2. record
  3. issue a ticket (for traffic violation, etc)

ConjugationEdit

AntonymsEdit

Related termsEdit

More than 60 compounds with -γράφω or -γραφώ[1] e.g.

From stems:

ReferencesEdit

  1. ^ *γραφωΛεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], 1998, by the "Triantafyllidis" Foundation.
  2. ^ *γραφ*Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], 1998, by the "Triantafyllidis" Foundation.
  3. ^ *γραμμ*Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], 1998, by the "Triantafyllidis" Foundation.
  4. ^ *γραπτ*Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], 1998, by the "Triantafyllidis" Foundation.

Italiot GreekEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Ancient Greek γράφω (gráphō), from Proto-Hellenic *grəpʰō, from Proto-Indo-European *gerbʰ-.

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ˈɡra.fo/
  • Hyphenation: γρά‧φω

VerbEdit

γράφω (Latin spelling grafo)

  1. (Apulia, Calabrian) to write