δάπτω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *dapťō. If this verb is formed from a root δαπ-, this may be compared with Latin daps (“banquet, feast”) and perhaps with Tocharian A [Term?] (tāp-, “to consume, eat”), although the Tocharian initial t- is problematic. Further connections have been proposed with Latin damnum (“loss, damage”) and Old Norse tafn (“sacrifice”), as well as Old Armenian տօն (tōn, “festival, celebration”). All these connections point to Proto-Indo-European *deh₂p- (“to sacrifice, lose”). However, in spite of the proposed cognates, which do not convince Beekes on the semantic side, it can also be considered a Pre-Greek origin, especially if it should be related to δεῖπνον (deîpnon, “meal”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /dáp.tɔː/ → /ˈðap.to/ → /ˈðap.to/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /dáp.tɔː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈdap.to/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈðap.to/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈðap.to/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈðap.to/

Verb

δᾰ́πτω • (dáptō)

1. to eat, devour, as wild beasts

   Synonym: δᾰρδᾰ́πτω (dardáptō)

2. to consume, corrode

Inflection

   Present: δᾰ́πτω, δᾰ́πτομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	δᾰ́πτω	δᾰ́πτεις	δᾰ́πτει	δᾰ́πτετον	δᾰ́πτετον	δᾰ́πτομεν	δᾰ́πτετε	δᾰ́πτουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	δᾰ́πτω	δᾰ́πτῃς	δᾰ́πτῃ	δᾰ́πτητον	δᾰ́πτητον	δᾰ́πτωμεν	δᾰ́πτητε	δᾰ́πτωσῐ(ν)
	optative	δᾰ́πτοιμῐ	δᾰ́πτοις	δᾰ́πτοι	δᾰ́πτοιτον	δᾰπτοίτην	δᾰ́πτοιμεν	δᾰ́πτοιτε	δᾰ́πτοιεν
	imperative		δᾰ́πτε	δᾰπτέτω	δᾰ́πτετον	δᾰπτέτων		δᾰ́πτετε	δᾰπτόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	δᾰ́πτομαι	δᾰ́πτῃ, δᾰ́πτει	δᾰ́πτεται	δᾰ́πτεσθον	δᾰ́πτεσθον	δᾰπτόμεθᾰ	δᾰ́πτεσθε	δᾰ́πτονται
	subjunctive	δᾰ́πτωμαι	δᾰ́πτῃ	δᾰ́πτηται	δᾰ́πτησθον	δᾰ́πτησθον	δᾰπτώμεθᾰ	δᾰ́πτησθε	δᾰ́πτωνται
	optative	δᾰπτοίμην	δᾰ́πτοιο	δᾰ́πτοιτο	δᾰ́πτοισθον	δᾰπτοίσθην	δᾰπτοίμεθᾰ	δᾰ́πτοισθε	δᾰ́πτοιντο
	imperative		δᾰ́πτου	δᾰπτέσθω	δᾰ́πτεσθον	δᾰπτέσθων		δᾰ́πτεσθε	δᾰπτέσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		δᾰ́πτειν				δᾰ́πτεσθαι
participle	m	δᾰ́πτων				δᾰπτόμενος
	f	δᾰ́πτουσᾰ				δᾰπτομένη
	n	δᾰ́πτον				δᾰπτόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Future: δᾰ́ψω, δᾰ́ψομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	δᾰ́ψω	δᾰ́ψεις	δᾰ́ψει	δᾰ́ψετον	δᾰ́ψετον	δᾰ́ψομεν	δᾰ́ψετε	δᾰ́ψουσῐ(ν)
	optative	δᾰ́ψοιμῐ	δᾰ́ψοις	δᾰ́ψοι	δᾰ́ψοιτον	δᾰψοίτην	δᾰ́ψοιμεν	δᾰ́ψοιτε	δᾰ́ψοιεν
middle	indicative	δᾰ́ψομαι	δᾰ́ψῃ, δᾰ́ψει	δᾰ́ψεται	δᾰ́ψεσθον	δᾰ́ψεσθον	δᾰψόμεθᾰ	δᾰ́ψεσθε	δᾰ́ψονται
	optative	δᾰψοίμην	δᾰ́ψοιο	δᾰ́ψοιτο	δᾰ́ψοισθον	δᾰψοίσθην	δᾰψοίμεθᾰ	δᾰ́ψοισθε	δᾰ́ψοιντο
		active			middle
infinitive		δᾰ́ψειν			δᾰ́ψεσθαι
participle	m	δᾰ́ψων			δᾰψόμενος
	f	δᾰ́ψουσᾰ			δᾰψομένη
	n	δᾰ́ψον			δᾰψόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: ἔδᾰψᾰ, ἐδᾰψᾰ́μην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἔδᾰψᾰ	ἔδᾰψᾰς	ἔδᾰψε(ν)	ἐδᾰ́ψᾰτον	ἐδᾰψᾰ́την	ἐδᾰ́ψᾰμεν	ἐδᾰ́ψᾰτε	ἔδᾰψᾰν
	subjunctive	δᾰ́ψω	δᾰ́ψῃς	δᾰ́ψῃ	δᾰ́ψητον	δᾰ́ψητον	δᾰ́ψωμεν	δᾰ́ψητε	δᾰ́ψωσῐ(ν)
	optative	δᾰ́ψαιμῐ	δᾰ́ψειᾰς, δᾰ́ψαις	δᾰ́ψειε(ν), δᾰ́ψαι	δᾰ́ψαιτον	δᾰψαίτην	δᾰ́ψαιμεν	δᾰ́ψαιτε	δᾰ́ψειᾰν, δᾰ́ψαιεν
	imperative		δᾰ́ψον	δᾰψᾰ́τω	δᾰ́ψᾰτον	δᾰψᾰ́των		δᾰ́ψᾰτε	δᾰψᾰ́ντων
middle	indicative	ἐδᾰψᾰ́μην	ἐδᾰ́ψω	ἐδᾰ́ψᾰτο	ἐδᾰ́ψᾰσθον	ἐδᾰψᾰ́σθην	ἐδᾰψᾰ́μεθᾰ	ἐδᾰ́ψᾰσθε	ἐδᾰ́ψᾰντο
	subjunctive	δᾰ́ψωμαι	δᾰ́ψῃ	δᾰ́ψηται	δᾰ́ψησθον	δᾰ́ψησθον	δᾰψώμεθᾰ	δᾰ́ψησθε	δᾰ́ψωνται
	optative	δᾰψαίμην	δᾰ́ψαιο	δᾰ́ψαιτο	δᾰ́ψαισθον	δᾰψαίσθην	δᾰψαίμεθᾰ	δᾰ́ψαισθε	δᾰ́ψαιντο
	imperative		δᾰ́ψαι	δᾰψᾰ́σθω	δᾰ́ψᾰσθον	δᾰψᾰ́σθων		δᾰ́ψᾰσθε	δᾰψᾰ́σθων
		active			middle
infinitive		δᾰ́ψαι			δᾰ́ψᾰσθαι
participle	m	δᾰ́ψᾱς			δᾰψᾰ́μενος
	f	δᾰ́ψᾱσᾰ			δᾰψᾰμένη
	n	δᾰ́ψᾰν			δᾰψᾰ́μενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

• ἀποδᾰ́πτω (apodáptō)
• δᾰ́πτης (dáptēs)
• δᾰπᾰ́νη (dapánē)
• δᾰψῐλής (dapsilḗs)
• δῐᾰδᾰ́πτω (diadáptō)
• καταδᾰ́πτω (katadáptō)

 

Further reading

• “δάπτω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “δάπτω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “δάπτω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• δάπτω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• δάπτω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• δάπτω in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN