πηδόν

Ancient Greek edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Indo-European *pēd-ó-, from *ped- (“to walk, step”), the same root of Latvian pēda (“foot”) and Lithuanian pėdà (“foot”). Semantically, the use of "foot" for "rudder" can be explained by the flat form and low position of a ship's rudder.

Pronunciation edit

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /pɛː.dón/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /pe̝ˈdon/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /piˈðon/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /piˈðon/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /piˈðon/

Noun edit

πηδόν • (pēdón) n (genitive πηδοῦ); second declension

oar blade, hence generally, oar

Inflection edit

Second declension of τὸ πηδόν; τοῦ πηδοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	τὸ πηδόν tò pēdón	τὼ πηδώ tṑ pēdṓ	τᾰ̀ πηδᾰ́ tà pēdá
Genitive	τοῦ πηδοῦ toû pēdoû	τοῖν πηδοῖν toîn pēdoîn	τῶν πηδῶν tôn pēdôn
Dative	τῷ πηδῷ tôi pēdôi	τοῖν πηδοῖν toîn pēdoîn	τοῖς πηδοῖς toîs pēdoîs
Accusative	τὸ πηδόν tò pēdón	τὼ πηδώ tṑ pēdṓ	τᾰ̀ πηδᾰ́ tà pēdá
Vocative	πηδόν pēdón	πηδώ pēdṓ	πηδᾰ́ pēdá
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms edit

πηδᾰ́λῐον (pēdálion)

Descendants edit

⇒ Byzantine Greek: *πηδώτης (*pēdṓtēs, “helmsman”)
- → Italian: pedota, pedotta; pedoto, pedotto
  - ⇒ Italian: pilota; piloto (probably influenced by pileggiare (“to sail, navigate”)) (see there for further descendants)