στρατός

See also: Στράτος

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• στροτός (strotós) — Aeolic

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *strətós, from Proto-Indo-European *str̥tós, from *ster- (“to spread, stretch out, extend”). The original meaning was probably "camping army" (stretched over an area).

Cognates include Latin strātus, Old Irish srath (“grass, grassy place”), and Sanskrit स्तृत (stṛtá-, “bestrewn”). Compare στορέννυμι (storénnumi).

Compare στρωτός (strōtós).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /stra.tós/ → /straˈtos/ → /straˈtos/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /stra.tós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /straˈtos/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /straˈtos/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /straˈtos/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /straˈtos/

Noun

στρᾰτός • (strătós) m (genitive στρᾰτοῦ); second declension (Epic, Attic, Ionic, Doric)

1. army, military force
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 10.347
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 1.53
   • 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 987
   • 458 BCE, Aeschylus, Agamemnon 634
   • 408 BCE, Euripides, Orestes 341
   • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.85
   • 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 7.71
   • 460 BCE – 420 BCE, Herodotus, Histories 8.130
   • 472 BCE, Aeschylus, The Persians 728
   1. (in Homer) the soldiery, the people, exclusive of the chiefs; the common people
      • 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Pythian Ode 2.160, (compare Olympian Ode 9.143)
      • 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Eumenides 683
      • 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Eumenides 762
      • 497 BCE – 405 BCE, Sophocles, Electra 749
   2. any band or body of men, as of the Amphictyons
      • 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Pythian Ode 10.12
      • 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Pythian Ode 2.86
      • 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Pythian Ode 6.11

Inflection

Second declension of ὁ στρᾰτός; τοῦ στρᾰτοῦ (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ στρᾰτός ho strătós	τὼ στρᾰτώ tṑ strătṓ	οἱ στρᾰτοί hoi strătoí
Genitive	τοῦ στρᾰτοῦ toû strătoû	τοῖν στρᾰτοῖν toîn strătoîn	τῶν στρᾰτῶν tôn strătôn
Dative	τῷ στρᾰτῷ tôi strătôi	τοῖν στρᾰτοῖν toîn strătoîn	τοῖς στρᾰτοῖς toîs strătoîs
Accusative	τὸν στρᾰτόν tòn strătón	τὼ στρᾰτώ tṑ strătṓ	τοὺς στρᾰτούς toùs strătoús
Vocative	στρᾰτέ străté	στρᾰτώ strătṓ	στρᾰτοί strătoí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Synonyms

• (common people): λαός (laós), δῆμος (dêmos)

Derived terms

• Ᾰ̓ρχέστρᾰτος (Ărkhéstrătos)
• Δημόστρατος (Dēmóstratos)
• Ἐρασίστρᾰτος (Erasístrătos)
• Ἡρόστρατος (Hēróstratos)
• Ἱππόστρᾰτος (Hippóstrătos)
• Καλλίστρατος (Kallístratos)
• Κλεόστρᾰτος (Kleóstrătos)
• Λῡσῐ́στρᾰτος (Lūsĭ́strătos)
• Νῑκόστρᾰτος (Nīkóstrătos)
• Πεισῐ́στρᾰτος (Peisĭ́strătos)
• Στρᾰτονῑ́κη (Strătonī́kē)
• Στρᾰ́τος (Strắtos)
• στρᾰτοφῠ́λᾰξ (strătophŭ́lăx)
• Σωστρᾰ́τη (Sōstrắtē)
• Σώστρατος (Sṓstratos)
• Φιλόστρᾰτος (Philóstrătos)

Further reading

• “στρατός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• στρατός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• στρατός in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • army idem, page 40.
  • host idem, page 407.
  • troops idem, page 896.

Greek

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek στρατός (stratós).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /stɾaˈtos/ - compare to the name Στράτος (Strátos)
• Hyphenation: στρα‧τός

Noun

στρατός • (stratós) m (plural στρατοί)

1. army, military force

   Synonyms: στρατιά (stratiá), στράτευμα (strátevma) (massed armies)

Declension

Declension of στρατός

	singular	plural
nominative	στρατός (stratós)	στρατοί (stratoí)
genitive	στρατού (stratoú)	στρατών (stratón)
accusative	στρατό (strató)	στρατούς (stratoús)
vocative	στρατέ (straté)	στρατοί (stratoí)

Related terms

• αντιστρατιωτικώς (antistratiotikós, “antimilitaristic, unmilitary”, adjective)
• αρχιστρατηγός m (archistratigós, “commander-in-chief”)
• αστράτευτος (astráteftos, “unconscripted, exempted service”, adjective)
• αστρατολόγητος (astratológitos, “unrecruited”, adjective)
• επιστρατεύω (epistratévo, “to conscript”)
• Κόκκινος Στρατός m (Kókkinos Stratós, “Red Army”)
• στρατάρχης m (stratárchis, “field marshal”)
• στρατηγείο n (stratigeío, “headquarters”)
• στρατήγημα n (stratígima, “stratagem”)
• στρατηγία f (stratigía, “generalship”)
• στρατηγική f (stratigikí, “strategy”)
• στρατηγικός (stratigikós, “strategic”)
• στρατηγός m (stratigós, “general”)
• στρατιωτάκι n (stratiotáki, “toy soldier”)
• στρατιώτης m (stratiótis, “soldier”)
• στρατιωτικά (stratiotiká, “militarily”)
• στρατιωτικός (stratiotikós, “militaristic, military”)
• στρατιωτικός (stratiotikós, “military”)
• στρατιωτίνα f (stratiotína, “soldier”)
• στρατοκράτης m (stratokrátis, “militarist”)
• στρατοκρατία f (stratokratía, “militarism”)
• στρατολογία f (stratología, “conscription”)
• στρατολογώ (stratologó, “to conscript”)

Further reading

• στρατός, in Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], Triantafyllidis Foundation, 1998 at the Centre for the Greek language
• στρατός on the Greek Wikipedia.Wikipedia ^el