τίθημι
Ancient GreekEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Proto-Hellenic *t(e/i)tʰēmi, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰé-dʰeh₁-ti, reduplicated present from *dʰeh₁- (“to put, place”).
Cognates include Latin faciō, Sanskrit दधाति (dadhāti), Old Armenian դնեմ (dnem), Old English dōn (English do), and Albanian dhatë.
PronunciationEdit
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /tí.tʰɛː.mi/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈti.tʰe.mi/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈti.θi.mi/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈti.θi.mi/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈti.θi.mi/
VerbEdit
τῐ́θημῐ • (títhēmi)
- I put, place, set
- in phrases
- (with πόδα (póda)) I plant the foot, i.e. walk, run
- 458 BCE, Aeschylus, The Eumenides 294:
- τίθησιν ὀρθὸν ἢ κατηρεφῆ πόδα
- títhēsin orthòn ḕ katērephê póda
- she is in action or at rest
- τίθησιν ὀρθὸν ἢ κατηρεφῆ πόδα
- (with ἐν χειρί, ἐν χερσίν (en kheirí, en khersín)) I put something into someone's hands
- (with παῖδα (paîda), υἱὸν (huiòn), etc. ὑπὸ ζώνῃ (hupò zṓnēi)) I have a child put under my girdle, i.e. I conceive
- 7th-6th centuries BC, Homeric Hymn to Aphrodite 282:
- ἢν δέ τις εἴρηταί σε καταθνητῶν ἀνθρώπων,
ἥ τις σοι φίλον υἱὸν ὑπὸ ζώνῃ θέτο μήτηρ- ḕn dé tis eírētaí se katathnētôn anthrṓpōn,
hḗ tis soi phílon huiòn hupò zṓnēi théto mḗtēr - And if any mortal man ask you who got your dear son beneath her girdle
- ḕn dé tis eírētaí se katathnētôn anthrṓpōn,
- ἢν δέ τις εἴρηταί σε καταθνητῶν ἀνθρώπων,
- (with ἐν ὄμμασι (en ómmasi)) I set before one's eyes
- 522 BCE – 443 BCE, Pindar, Nemean Ode 8.43:
- μαστεύει δὲ καὶ τέρψις ἐν ὄμμασι θέσθαι πιστόν
- masteúei dè kaì térpsis en ómmasi thésthai pistón
- yet delight also seeks to set a trustworthy pledge before the eyes
- μαστεύει δὲ καὶ τέρψις ἐν ὄμμασι θέσθαι πιστόν
- (with ψῆφον (psêphon)) I give my vote or opinion, I vote
- (with ἐν στήθεσσι (en stḗthessi), ἐν φρεσί (en phresí), etc.) I put or plant in one's heart
- (with τὰ ὅπλα (tà hópla))
- I rest arms, halt
- 460 BCE – 395 BCE, Thucydides, History of the Peloponnesian War 4.44.1:
- ὑπεχώρησαν πρὸς τὸν λόφον καὶ ἔθεντο τὰ ὅπλα
- hupekhṓrēsan pròs tòn lóphon kaì éthento tà hópla
- and they retired to the summit of the ridge, where they grounded their arms
- ὑπεχώρησαν πρὸς τὸν λόφον καὶ ἔθεντο τὰ ὅπλα
- I bear arms, fight
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Aristotle, Constitution of the Athenians 8.5:
- ὃς […] μὴ θῆται τὰ ὅπλα μηδὲ μεθ’ ἑτέρων, ἄτιμον εἶναι
- hòs […] mḕ thêtai tà hópla mēdè meth’ hetérōn, átimon eînai
- whoever […] did not join forces with either party was to be disenfranchised
- ὃς […] μὴ θῆται τὰ ὅπλα μηδὲ μεθ’ ἑτέρων, ἄτιμον εἶναι
- I lay down my arms, surrender
- (with εὖ (eû)) I keep arms in good order
- 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Cyropaedia 4.5.3:
- τὰ δ’ ἐν ταῖς σκηναῖς αὐτοὶ ὁρᾶτε καὶ τὰ ὅπλα εὖ τίθεσθε
- tà d’ en taîs skēnaîs autoì horâte kaì tà hópla eû títhesthe
- but look out for what may happen in the tents and have your arms stacked conveniently
- τὰ δ’ ἐν ταῖς σκηναῖς αὐτοὶ ὁρᾶτε καὶ τὰ ὅπλα εὖ τίθεσθε
- I rest arms, halt
- (with τὰ γόνατα (tà gónata)) I kneel
- New Testament, The Gospel of Mark 15:19:
- τιθέντες τὰ γόνατα προσεκύνουν αὐτῷ
- tithéntes tà gónata prosekúnoun autôi
- bowing their knees they did homage to him
- τιθέντες τὰ γόνατα προσεκύνουν αὐτῷ
- (with πόδα (póda)) I plant the foot, i.e. walk, run
- I deposit
- I pay
- 384 BCE – 322 BCE, Demosthenes, Against Androtion 43:
- τὴν εἰσφορὰν μὴ τιθέναι
- tḕn eisphoràn mḕ tithénai
- to fail to pay the property-tax
- τὴν εἰσφορὰν μὴ τιθέναι
- I put down in writing
- I bury
- I offer, set before
- I assign, award
- (often with νόμον (nómon)) I lay down, enact
- 430 BCE – 354 BCE, Xenophon, Constitution of Sparta 15.2:
- ἔθηκε γὰρ θύειν μὲν βασιλέα πρὸ τῆς πόλεως τὰ δημόσια ἅπαντα
- éthēke gàr thúein mèn basiléa prò tês póleōs tà dēmósia hápanta
- He ordained that the King shall offer all the public sacrifices on behalf of the state
- ἔθηκε γὰρ θύειν μὲν βασιλέα πρὸ τῆς πόλεως τὰ δημόσια ἅπαντα
- I establish, institute
- I order, ordain, cause to happen
- (in board games) I place (pieces)
- 380 BCE, Plato, The Republic 604c:
- ὥσπερ ἐν πτώσει κύβων πρὸς τὰ πεπτωκότα τίθεσθαι τὰ αὑτοῦ πράγματα
- hṓsper en ptṓsei kúbōn pròs tà peptōkóta títhesthai tà hautoû prágmata
- as it were in the fall of the dice, to determine the movements of our affairs
- ὥσπερ ἐν πτώσει κύβων πρὸς τὰ πεπτωκότα τίθεσθαι τὰ αὑτοῦ πράγματα
- (copulative) I make, cause to be
- (with attributive substantive)
- (middle) I cause to be my
- (with infinitive)
- I regard, consider as; I hold, reckon that
- (with attributive substantive)
- I make
- 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 12.418:
- οὔτε γὰρ ἴφθιμοι Λύκιοι Δαναῶν ἐδύναντο
τεῖχος ῥηξάμενοι θέσθαι παρὰ νηυσὶ κέλευθον- oúte gàr íphthimoi Lúkioi Danaôn edúnanto
teîkhos rhēxámenoi thésthai parà nēusì kéleuthon - For neither could the mighty Lycians break the wall of the Danaans, and make a path to the ships
- oúte gàr íphthimoi Lúkioi Danaôn edúnanto
- οὔτε γὰρ ἴφθιμοι Λύκιοι Δαναῶν ἐδύναντο
- (in periphrasis)
Usage notesEdit
The first aorist is used only in the indicative, and mostly in the singular and third-person plural.
InflectionEdit
Present: τῐ́θημῐ, τῐ́θεμαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐτῐ́θην | ἐτῐ́θεις | ἐτῐ́θει | ἐτῐ́θετον | ἐτῐθέτην | ἐτῐ́θεμεν | ἐτῐ́θετε | ἐτῐ́θεσᾰν | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐτῐθέμην | ἐτῐ́θεσο | ἐτῐ́θετο | ἐτῐ́θεσθον | ἐτῐθέσθην | ἐτῐθέμεθᾰ | ἐτῐ́θεσθε | ἐτῐ́θεντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | τῐ́θην | τῐ́θεις | τῐ́θει | τῐ́θετον | τῐθέτην | τῐ́θεμεν | τῐ́θετε | τῐ́θεσᾰν | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | τῐθέμην | τῐ́θεσο | τῐ́θετο | τῐ́θεσθον | τῐθέσθην | τῐθέμε(σ)θᾰ | τῐ́θεσθε | τῐ́θεντο | ||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | τῐ́θεσκον | τῐ́θεσκες | τῐ́θεσκε(ν) | τῐθέσκετον | τῐθεσκέτην | τῐθέσκομεν | τῐθέσκετε | τῐ́θεσκον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | τῐθεσκόμην | τῐθέσκου | τῐθέσκετο | τῐθέσκεσθον | τῐθεσκέσθην | τῐθεσκόμεθᾰ | τῐθέσκεσθε | τῐθέσκοντο | ||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐτῐ́θεον | ἐτῐ́θεες | ἐτῐ́θεε(ν) | ἐτῐθέετον | ἐτῐθεέτην | ἐτῐθέομεν | ἐτῐθέετε | ἐτῐ́θεον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐτῐθεόμην | ἐτῐθέου | ἐτῐθέετο | ἐτῐθέεσθον | ἐτῐθεέσθην | ἐτῐθεόμεθᾰ | ἐτῐθέεσθε | ἐτῐθέοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐτῐ́θουν | ἐτῐ́θεις | ἐτῐ́θει | ἐτῐθεῖτον | ἐτῐθείτην | ἐτῐθοῦμεν | ἐτῐθεῖτε | ἐτῐ́θουν | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἐτῐθούμην | ἐτῐθοῦ | ἐτῐθεῖτο | ἐτῐθεῖσθον | ἐτῐθείσθην | ἐτῐθούμεθᾰ | ἐτῐθεῖσθε | ἐτῐθοῦντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | θήσω | θήσεις | θήσει | θήσετον | θήσετον | θήσομεν | θήσετε | θήσουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | θήσοιμῐ | θήσοις | θήσοι | θήσοιτον | θησοίτην | θήσοιμεν | θήσοιτε | θήσοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | θήσομαι | θήσῃ, θήσει |
θήσεται | θήσεσθον | θήσεσθον | θησόμεθᾰ | θήσεσθε | θήσονται | ||||
optative | θησοίμην | θήσοιο | θήσοιτο | θήσοισθον | θησοίσθην | θησοίμεθᾰ | θήσοισθε | θήσοιντο | |||||
passive | indicative | τεθήσομαι | τεθήσῃ | τεθήσεται | τεθήσεσθον | τεθήσεσθον | τεθησόμεθᾰ | τεθήσεσθε | τεθήσονται | ||||
optative | τεθησοίμην | τεθήσοιο | τεθήσοιτο | τεθήσοισθον | τεθησοίσθην | τεθησοίμεθᾰ | τεθήσοισθε | τεθήσοιντο | |||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | θήσειν | θήσεσθαι | τεθήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
participle | m | θήσων | θησόμενος | τεθησόμενος | |||||||||
f | θήσουσᾰ | θησομένη | τεθησομένη | ||||||||||
n | θῆσον | θησόμενον | τεθησόμενον | ||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔθηκᾰ | ἔθηκᾰς | ἔθηκε(ν) | ἐθήκᾰτον | ἐθηκᾰ́την | ἐθήκᾰμεν | ἐθήκᾰτε | ἔθηκᾰν | ||||
middle | indicative | ἐθηκᾰ́μην | ἐθήκω | ἐθήκᾰτο | ἐθήκᾰσθον | ἐθηκᾰ́σθην | ἐθηκᾰ́μεθᾰ | ἐθήκᾰσθε | ἐθήκᾰντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | θῆκᾰ | θῆκᾰς | θῆκε(ν) | θήκᾰτον | θηκᾰ́την | θήκᾰμεν | θήκᾰτε | θῆκᾰν | ||||
middle | indicative | θηκᾰ́μην | θήκω | θήκᾰτο | θήκᾰσθον | θηκᾰ́σθην | θηκᾰ́με(σ)θᾰ | θήκᾰσθε | θήκᾰντο | ||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Derived termsEdit
- ᾰ̓γωνοθετέω (agōnothetéō)
- ᾰ̓́θετος (áthetos)
- ᾱ̓θλοθετέω (āthlothetéō)
- ἀκμοθέτης (akmothétēs)
- ᾰ̓μφῐτῐ́θημῐ (amphitíthēmi)
- ᾰ̓νᾰτῐ́θημῐ (anatíthēmi)
- ᾰ̓ντῐτῐ́θημῐ (antitíthēmi)
- ᾰ̓οιδοθέτης (aoidothétēs)
- ᾰ̓ποτῐ́θημῐ (apotíthēmi)
- ᾰ̔ρμᾰτοθεσῐ́ᾱ (harmatothesíā)
- ᾰ̓στρόθετος (astróthetos)
- αὐλοθετέω (aulothetéō)
- αὐτόθετος (autóthetos)
- δεινοθέτης (deinothétēs)
- διᾰγωνοθετέω (diagōnothetéō)
- δῐᾰτῐ́θημῐ (diatíthēmi)
- δῐκαιοθέτης (dikaiothétēs)
- δῠ́σθετος (dústhetos)
- ἐγχειρῐ́θετος (enkheiríthetos)
- εἰστῐ́θημῐ (eistíthēmi)
- ἐκτῐ́θημῐ (ektíthēmi)
- ἐλαιοθετέω (elaiothetéō)
- ἐντῐ́θημῐ (entíthēmi)
- ἐπεντίθημι (epentíthēmi)
- ἐπῐτῐ́θημῐ (epitíthēmi)
- εὔθετος (eúthetos)
- ζωοθετέω (zōothetéō)
- θεσμοθετέω (thesmothetéō)
- θημωνοθετέω (thēmōnothetéō)
- θῠγᾰτροθετέω (thugatrothetéō)
- ῐ̔εροθετέω (hierothetéō)
- κᾰτᾰτῐ́θημῐ (katatíthēmi)
- κεντροθεσῐ́ᾱ (kentrothesíā)
- κρεοθέτης (kreothétēs)
- λῐθοθεσῐ́ᾱ (lithothesíā)
- λογοθετέω (logothetéō)
- μελοθεσῐ́ᾱ (melothesíā)
- μετᾰτῐ́θημῐ (metatíthēmi)
- μοιροθεσῐ́ᾱ (moirothesíā)
- νομοθετέω (nomothetéō)
- νουθετέω (nouthetéō)
- οἰκόθετος (oikóthetos)
- οἰωνοθέτης (oiōnothétēs)
- ὀνομᾰτοθετέω (onomatothetéō)
- ὀργᾰνοθετέω (organothetéō)
- ὁρῐοθετέω (horiothetéō)
- ὁροθετέω (horothetéō)
- οὐρᾰνοθεσῐ́ᾱ (ouranothesíā)
- πᾰλαίθετος (palaíthetos)
- πᾰρᾰτῐ́θημῐ (paratíthēmi)
- πᾰρεμβολοθέτης (parembolothétēs)
- πεντάθετος (pentáthetos)
- περιτῐ́θημῐ (peritíthēmi)
- προστῐ́θημῐ (prostíthēmi)
- προτῐ́θημῐ (protíthēmi)
- σημόθετος (sēmóthetos)
- στηριγμοθέτης (stērigmothétēs)
- συμψηφοθετέω (sumpsēphothetéō)
- συνεπιτίθημι (sunepitíthēmi)
- συντῐ́θημῐ (suntíthēmi)
- σφαιροθεσῐ́ᾱ (sphairothesíā)
- τοποθετέω (topothetéō)
- τρῐ́θετος (tríthetos)
- υἱόθετος (huióthetos)
- ῠ̔μνοθέτης (humnothétēs)
- ῠ̔περτῐ́θημῐ (hupertíthēmi)
- ῠ̔ποτῐ́θημῐ (hupotíthēmi)
- χειροθεσῐ́ᾱ (kheirothesíā)
- χωροθεσῐ́ᾱ (khōrothesíā)
- ψηφοθέτης (psēphothétēs)
- ὠμοθετέω (ōmothetéō)
- ᾠοθεσῐ́ᾱ (ōiothesíā)
- ὡροθετέω (hōrothetéō)
Related termsEdit
- ἔθω (éthō)
- θέμᾰ (théma)
- θέμεθλᾰ (thémethla)
- θεμέλῐος (themélios)
- θέμις (thémis)
- θεός (theós)
- θέσῐς (thésis)
- θέσμῐον (thésmion)
- θέσμῐος (thésmios)
- Θέσμῐος (Thésmios)
- θεσμός (thesmós)
- θετέος (thetéos)
- θετήρ (thetḗr)
- θέτης (thétēs)
- θετῐκός (thetikós)
- θετός (thetós)
- θήκη (thḗkē)
- θῆμᾰ (thêma)
- θημών (thēmṓn)
- θής (thḗs)
- Θησεύς (Thēseús)
DescendantsEdit
- Greek: θέτω (théto)
See alsoEdit
- κεῖμαι (keîmai)
Further readingEdit
- “τίθημι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- G5087 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- appoint idem, page 36.
- assume idem, page 47.
- begin idem, page 70.
- class idem, page 135.
- commence idem, page 147.
- deposit idem, page 212.
- devote idem, page 220.
- display idem, page 236.
- enact idem, page 270.
- establish idem, page 283.
- evince idem, page 286.
- exercise idem, page 291.
- exhibit idem, page 291.
- frame idem, page 342.
- hold idem, page 402.
- imprint idem, page 424.
- lay idem, page 480.
- make idem, page 508.
- manifest idem, page 511.
- mortgage idem, page 542.
- offer idem, page 571.
- ordain idem, page 578.
- pass idem, page 595.
- place idem, page 616.
- plant idem, page 617.
- posit idem, page 628.
- postulate idem, page 629.
- print idem, page 641.
- put idem, page 660.
- rank idem, page 671.
- render idem, page 694.
- secondary idem, page 747.
- set idem, page 756.
- show idem, page 770.
- time idem, page 875.
- upside down idem, page 939.
- wage idem, page 958.