ребёнок
Russian edit
Alternative forms edit
- ребёнокъ (rebjónok) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old East Slavic робѧ (robę), diminutive of робъ (robŭ, “slave”) from Proto-Slavic *orbę. Compare with па́робок (párobok, “lad”) (dialectal). The relationship with "slave" could arise from the meaning "orphan" because orphans carried out the hard work in the household.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ребёнок • (rebjónok) m anim (genitive ребёнка, nominative plural де́ти or ребя́та*, genitive plural дете́й or ребя́т*, relational adjective де́тский or ребя́ческий or ребя́чий, diminutive ребёночек)
- (plural де́ти, less commonly ребя́та) child, kid, baby: children, kids, babies
- Synonym: дитя́ (ditjá)
- (plural only) (plural ребя́та) guys, fellows, friends, comrades
Usage notes edit
- The singular form can only refer to "child"/"baby" sense.
- The plural form ребя́та (rebjáta) can mean "guys", "friends", etc.
- For the plural form "children" де́ти (déti) is the preferred word but ребя́та (rebjáta) is also used.
- The suppletive plural form де́ти (déti) is originally a plural form of дитя́ (ditjá).
Declension edit
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | ребёнок rebjónok |
де́ти△, ребя́та* déti△, rebjáta* |
genitive | ребёнка rebjónka |
дете́й△, ребя́т* detéj△, rebját* |
dative | ребёнку rebjónku |
де́тям△, ребя́там* détjam△, rebjátam* |
accusative | ребёнка rebjónka |
дете́й△, ребя́т* detéj△, rebját* |
instrumental | ребёнком rebjónkom |
детьми́△, ребя́тами* detʹmí△, rebjátami* |
prepositional | ребёнке rebjónke |
де́тях△, ребя́тах* détjax△, rebjátax* |
△ Irregular.
* Use the second plural with the meaning "friends!", "fellows!", "guys!", "comrades!".
Descendants edit
- → Belarusian: рабёнак (rabjónak)
References edit
Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ребенок”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress