сапог
Bulgarian edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old Church Slavonic сапогъ (sapogŭ), with further origin unclear.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
сапо́г • (sapóg) m
- (historical) old-style boot or rugged shoe
Declension edit
Declension of сапо́г
Coordinate terms edit
References edit
- “сапогъ”, in Старобългарски речник [Old Bulgarian Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), https://histdict.uni-sofia.bg, 2011—2024
Russian edit
Alternative forms edit
- сапо́гъ (sapóg) — Pre-reform orthography (1918)
Etymology edit
Inherited from Old East Slavic сапогъ (sapogŭ). Obscure etymology:
- Per Vasmer, from сопе́ть (sopétʹ) + -ог (-og), compare сопе́ль (sopélʹ) 'wind instrument', 'pipe'. The modern Russian сапо́г means shoes with a high top, what explains the similarity with the pipe. This etymology encounters phonetic difficulties if we take into account сопе́ть (sopet') as a source, because Old East Slavic or Old Church Slavonic don't have the form *сопогъ.
- Per Menges, Vahros and Trubachyov, from Turkic languages, compare Proto-Turkic *sараɣ-, *sарuɣ- 'shafted shoes', modern Turkic sap 'stem'. This etymology has the same phonetic problems as Vasmer's etymology. In this case, it should be *сопагъ (compare това́р (továr) from Turkic tavar or колпа́к (kolpák) from Turkic kalpak) or *сопугъ.[1] Semantic difficulties also arise, in Old Church Slavonic it means 'sandals', 'shoes with tops no higher than the ankles', Turkic source originally suggests high-top shoes.[2]
- Per Lvov, from *sapati 'to tie, to bind'. According to Lvov and Semyonov, the original meaning is 'puttee, shoes, sandals',[3][4] compare dialectal сап (sap) 'fetters', colloquial заса́пить (zasápitʹ) 'tie in a knot'. In this case сапо́г from сап (sap) + -ог (-og).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
сапо́г • (sapóg) m inan (genitive сапога́, nominative plural сапоги́, genitive plural сапо́г, relational adjective сапо́жный)
- boot
- боло́тные сапоги́ ― bolótnyje sapogí ― waders (high waterproof boots)
Declension edit
Declension of сапо́г (inan masc-form velar-stem accent-b irreg)
Related terms edit
- сапо́жник (sapóžnik, “cobbler, shoemaker”)
Descendants edit
- Russenorsk: sabagof
- → Armenian: սապոգ (sapog)
- → Kildin Sami: са̄һпе (sāhp’e)
- Kurdish:
- → Yup'ik: cap'akiq
See also edit
References edit
- ^ https://www.ruslang.ru/doc/etymology/1967/19-l'vov.pdf
- ^ https://www.ruslang.ru/doc/etymology/1967/19-l'vov.pdf
- ^ Izmail Sreznevsky. Materials for the Dictionary of the Old Russian Language on the Basis of Written Records.
- ^ https://www.ruslang.ru/doc/etymology/1967/19-l'vov.pdf
Further reading edit
- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “сапог”, in Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), transl. & suppl. by Oleg Trubachyov, Moscow: Progress