Wiktionary

մրգուզ

Old Armenian edit

Alternative forms edit

Etymology edit

The origin has been considered unknown.[1][2] NHB compares to Arabic مَرْكُوز (markūz, “fixed, fastened; hid, buried”), passive participle of رَكَزَ (rakaza, “to plant into the ground”).[3] A better comparison is Arabic مَرْجُوس (marjūs, “filthy, abominable”),[4][5] passive participle of رَجِسَ (rajisa, “to be filthy, to be abominable”) from the root ر ج س (r-j-s) which is well-used in various forms though this passive participle is hardly known because the active participle رَاجِس (rājis) or rather the – lexicalized – adjective form رَجِس (rajis) is expected,[6] likely cognate to Ge'ez ረኵሰ (räkʷsä, “to be impure, to be contaminated”) also with many formations in its root, pars pro toto for all Ethiopian Semitic languages as this root is widely present in Ethiopian and Cushitic where the root has been borrowed from Ethiopian.[7] For the sound correspondence note that the classical dictionaries also list رِجْز (rijz) and رِكْس (riks) as dialectal variants of رِجْس (rijs, “filth”).

Note also Classical Syriac ܡܪܓܙܢܐܼ (mrgznˀ /⁠margəzānā⁠/, “quarrelsome; one who provokes to anger”), from the root of ܪܘܓܙܐ (rūḡzā, “anger”).

Under both theories, Latin murcus (“a coward, who, to escape military service, cuts off his thumb”)[4] and murgisō (“shrewd shyster”), likely foreign borrowings, might be related.

Adjective edit

մրգուզ • (mrguz)

  1. vile, abject, low, base, mean, despicable; obscure
    Synonyms: փանաքի (pʿanakʿi), անարգ (anarg), անաւագ (anawag), յետին (yetin), աննշան (annšan), սինլքոր (sinlkʿor), նուաստ (nuast), ընկեցիկ (ənkecʿik), երկրաքարշ (erkrakʿarš)
    • 5th century, Ełišē, Ban xratu yałags mianjancʿ [Exhortation to the monks] :[4]
      Մրգուզք անյագք եղաք ի կերակուրս, եւ առանց չափոյ արբաք գինի պղտորիչ խորհրդոց եւ մտաց։
      Mrguzkʿ anyagkʿ ełakʿ i kerakurs, ew aṙancʿ čʿapʿoy arbakʿ gini płtoričʿ xorhrdocʿ ew mtacʿ.
    • 6th century, Philo of Alexandria, Yałags ban unel ew anasun kendaneacʿd, aṙ Liwsimakʿos [De Animalibus] :[8][9]
      Քանզի զո՞ր տարւոյն ժամանակ դադարեմք յԱստղկան ցանկութեանցն, ի սովորութիւն եւ զանխառնակացն զհետ երթալ մրգուզքս։
      Kʿanzi zo?r tarwoyn žamanak dadaremkʿ yAstłkan cʿankutʿeancʿn, i sovorutʿiwn ew zanxaṙnakacʿn zhet ertʿal mrguzkʿs.
      • Translation by Abraham Terian
        For at what season of the year do we cease from venereal pleasures and from practicing our customary and constant vices?
    • 11th century, Grigor Magistros, Grigor Magistrosi tʿłtʿerə [The letters of Grigor Magistros] :[10]
      Մրգուզ փանաք ծրդեալ ծեքեալ անհոյծ ոգեալ յառեալ
      Mrguz pʿanakʿ crdeal cekʿeal anhoyc ogeal yaṙeal

References edit

  1. ^ Ačaṙean, Hračʿeay (1977) “մրգուզ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume III, Yerevan: University Press, page 369b
  2. ^ J̌ahukyan, Geworg (2010) “մրգուզ”, in Vahan Sargsyan, editor, Hayeren stugabanakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), Yerevan: Asoghik, page 542b
  3. ^ Awetikʿean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1837) “մրգուզ”, in Nor baṙgirkʿ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume II, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 308a
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 Kerestedjian, Bedros (1945) Kerest Haig, editor, Étude philologique et lexicographique de 6000 mots et noms arméniens avec des comparaisons de 100.000 mots de 900 langues et des données historiques et géographiques‎[1] (in French), London: Bernard Quaritch Ltd., page 291
  5. ^ Urišean, Vardgēs (1998) “մրգուզ”, in Mer armatnerə nor loysi tak [Our Root Words Under New Light] (in Armenian), volume II, Fresno: Meshag Printing & Publishing, page 67a
  6. ^ So in ركن الدين محمد بن محرز بن محمد الوهراني / ركن الدين محمد بن محمد بن محرز الوهراني [rukn al-dīn muḥammad ibn muḥammad ibn miḥriz al-wahrāniyy] (d. 575 AH / 1179 AD) منذر الحايك, editor, منامات الوهراني وحكاياته [The Wahrani Dreams], Damascus: دار صفحات للدراسات و النشر, published 2011, →ISBN, page 224 which the editor reckons necessary to gloss قَذِر (qaḏir)
  7. ^ See for further forms Dillmann, August (1865) “ረኵሰ”, in Lexicon linguae aethiopicae cum indice latino (in Latin), Leipzig: T. O. Weigel, column 301 seqq. and Leslau, Wolf (1991) Comparative Dictionary of Geʿez (Classical Ethiopic), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 470a
  8. ^ Awgereancʿ, Mkrtičʿ (1822) Pʿiloni Ebrayecʿwoy bankʿ erekʿ čʿew i loys əncayealkʿ. A. B. Yałags naxaxnamutʿean. G. Yałags kendaneacʿ [Philonis Judaei sermones tres hactenus inediti. I et II De Providentia, et III De Animalibus], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 149
  9. ^ Terian, Abraham (1981) Philonis Alexandrini de Animalibus: The Armenian Text with an Introduction, Translation and Commentary (Studies in Hellenistic Judaism; 1)‎[2], Chico, California: Scholars Press, page 89
  10. ^ Kostaneancʿ, Karapet (1910) Grigor Magistrosi tʿġtʿerə [The letters of Grigor Magistros]‎[3], Alexandropol: Gēorg Sanoyeancʿ Press, page 237

Further reading edit

  • Ġazarean, Ṙ. S. (2006) “մրգուզ”, in Grabari homanišneri baṙaran [Dictionary of Old Armenian Synonyms], Yerevan: University Press
  • Petrosean, Matatʿeay (1879) “մրգուզ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʿ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy
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