ألف
ArabicEdit
Etymology 1Edit
From Phoenician 𐤀𐤋𐤐 (ʾlp).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
أَلِف • (ʾalif) f (plural أَلِفَات (ʾalifāt))
DeclensionEdit
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَلِف ʾalif |
الْأَلِف al-ʾalif |
أَلِف ʾalif |
Nominative | أَلِفٌ ʾalifun |
الْأَلِفُ al-ʾalifu |
أَلِفُ ʾalifu |
Accusative | أَلِفًا ʾalifan |
الْأَلِفَ al-ʾalifa |
أَلِفَ ʾalifa |
Genitive | أَلِفٍ ʾalifin |
الْأَلِفِ al-ʾalifi |
أَلِفِ ʾalifi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | أَلِفَيْن ʾalifayn |
الْأَلِفَيْن al-ʾalifayn |
أَلِفَيْ ʾalifay |
Nominative | أَلِفَانِ ʾalifāni |
الْأَلِفَانِ al-ʾalifāni |
أَلِفَا ʾalifā |
Accusative | أَلِفَيْنِ ʾalifayni |
الْأَلِفَيْنِ al-ʾalifayni |
أَلِفَيْ ʾalifay |
Genitive | أَلِفَيْنِ ʾalifayni |
الْأَلِفَيْنِ al-ʾalifayni |
أَلِفَيْ ʾalifay |
Plural | sound feminine plural | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَلِفَات ʾalifāt |
الْأَلِفَات al-ʾalifāt |
أَلِفَات ʾalifāt |
Nominative | أَلِفَاتٌ ʾalifātun |
الْأَلِفَاتُ al-ʾalifātu |
أَلِفَاتُ ʾalifātu |
Accusative | أَلِفَاتٍ ʾalifātin |
الْأَلِفَاتِ al-ʾalifāti |
أَلِفَاتِ ʾalifāti |
Genitive | أَلِفَاتٍ ʾalifātin |
الْأَلِفَاتِ al-ʾalifāti |
أَلِفَاتِ ʾalifāti |
Derived termsEdit
- أَلِف مَقْصُورَة (ʾalif maqṣūra)
Etymology 2Edit
From Proto-Semitic *ʔalp-.
NumeralEdit
[a], [b] ← 100 | ← 900 | ١٬٠٠٠ 1,000 |
2,000 → | 1,000,000 (106) → [a], [b] |
---|---|---|---|---|
100[a], [b] | ||||
Cardinal: أَلْف (ʾalf) |
أَلْف • (ʾalf) m (dual أَلْفَانِ (ʾalfāni), plural آلَاف (ʾālāf) or أُلُوف (ʾulūf))
- thousand
- أَلْفُ لَيْلَةٍ وَلَيْلَةٌ (ʾalfu laylatin walaylatun) — One thousand and one nights (lit. "a thousand nights and a night")
Usage notesEdit
- أَلْف (ʾalf) is a noun. When used with a corresponding noun, it governs that noun in the genitive singular, e.g. أَلْفُ لَيْلَةٍ (ʾalfu laylatin, “one thousand nights”). When used as part of larger numbers (2,000, 20,000, etc.), it behaves as a normal masculine noun, e.g. أَلْفَانِ (ʾalfāni, “two thousand”), خَمْسَةُ آلَافٍ (ḵamsatu ʾālāfin, “five thousand”), عِشْرُونَ أَلْفًا (ʿišrūna ʾalfan, “twenty thousand”).
DeclensionEdit
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَلْف ʾalf |
الْأَلْف al-ʾalf |
أَلْف ʾalf |
Nominative | أَلْفٌ ʾalfun |
الْأَلْفُ al-ʾalfu |
أَلْفُ ʾalfu |
Accusative | أَلْفًا ʾalfan |
الْأَلْفَ al-ʾalfa |
أَلْفَ ʾalfa |
Genitive | أَلْفٍ ʾalfin |
الْأَلْفِ al-ʾalfi |
أَلْفِ ʾalfi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | أَلْفَيْن ʾalfayn |
الْأَلْفَيْن al-ʾalfayn |
أَلْفَيْ ʾalfay |
Nominative | أَلْفَانِ ʾalfāni |
الْأَلْفَانِ al-ʾalfāni |
أَلْفَا ʾalfā |
Accusative | أَلْفَيْنِ ʾalfayni |
الْأَلْفَيْنِ al-ʾalfayni |
أَلْفَيْ ʾalfay |
Genitive | أَلْفَيْنِ ʾalfayni |
الْأَلْفَيْنِ al-ʾalfayni |
أَلْفَيْ ʾalfay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | آلَاف; أُلُوف ʾālāf; ʾulūf |
الْآلَاف; الْأُلُوف al-ʾālāf; al-ʾulūf |
آلَاف; أُلُوف ʾālāf; ʾulūf |
Nominative | آلَافٌ; أُلُوفٌ ʾālāfun; ʾulūfun |
الْآلَافُ; الْأُلُوفُ al-ʾālāfu; al-ʾulūfu |
آلَافُ; أُلُوفُ ʾālāfu; ʾulūfu |
Accusative | آلَافًا; أُلُوفًا ʾālāfan; ʾulūfan |
الْآلَافَ; الْأُلُوفَ al-ʾālāfa; al-ʾulūfa |
آلَافَ; أُلُوفَ ʾālāfa; ʾulūfa |
Genitive | آلَافٍ; أُلُوفٍ ʾālāfin; ʾulūfin |
الْآلَافِ; الْأُلُوفِ al-ʾālāfi; al-ʾulūfi |
آلَافِ; أُلُوفِ ʾālāfi; ʾulūfi |
Derived termsEdit
- أَلْفِيَّة (ʾalfiyya)
DescendantsEdit
Etymology 3Edit
From Proto-Semitic *ʔalap- (“to be familiar with”). From the root ء ل ف (ʾ-l-f).
VerbEdit
أَلِفَ • (ʾalifa) I, non-past يَأْلَفُ (yaʾlafu)
- to be or become familiar with, to become accustomed, to share the yoke, to be or become amicable or tame
- c. 1200, يحيى بن محمد بن أحمد بن العوام [Yaḥyā ibn muḥammad ibn ʾaḥmad ibn al-ʿawwām], José Antonio Banqueri, editor, كتاب الفلاحة [Book on Agriculture], volume 2, Madrid: Imprenta Real, published 1802IA, Cap. 27, Art. 21, pages 284–285:
- وقيل أنه إذا طليت خلايا من داخلها بعصارة ورقه ألفها النحل وأنجلبت إليها وقيل من ترنجان نوع بري نقول ضد ذلك وهو إذا طرح مع النحلة أحرجها.
- And it is said (about the lemon-balm Melissa officinalis) that when one daubs beehives from the inner with an extract pressed from its leaves then the bees approve of it and are attracted to them and it is said of the lemon-balm’s wild form, the dead-nettle (Lamium flexuosum), that one has to say against that that when it is advanced to a bee it drives it out.
ConjugationEdit
verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر |
أَلْف or إِلْف ʾalf or ʾilf | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
آلِف ʾālif | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
maʾlūf | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʾaliftu |
ʾalifta |
أَلِفَ ʾalifa |
ʾaliftumā |
ʾalifā |
ʾalifnā |
ʾaliftum |
ʾalifū | |||
f | ʾalifti |
ʾalifat |
ʾalifatā |
ʾaliftunna |
ʾalifna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʾālafu |
taʾlafu |
yaʾlafu |
taʾlafāni |
yaʾlafāni |
naʾlafu |
taʾlafūna |
yaʾlafūna | |||
f | taʾlafīna |
taʾlafu |
taʾlafāni |
taʾlafna |
yaʾlafna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʾālafa |
taʾlafa |
yaʾlafa |
taʾlafā |
yaʾlafā |
naʾlafa |
taʾlafū |
yaʾlafū | |||
f | taʾlafī |
taʾlafa |
taʾlafā |
taʾlafna |
yaʾlafna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʾālaf |
taʾlaf |
yaʾlaf |
taʾlafā |
yaʾlafā |
naʾlaf |
taʾlafū |
yaʾlafū | |||
f | taʾlafī |
taʾlaf |
taʾlafā |
taʾlafna |
yaʾlafna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | īlaf |
īlafā |
īlafū |
||||||||
f | īlafī |
īlafna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʾuliftu |
ʾulifta |
أُلِفَ ʾulifa |
ʾuliftumā |
ʾulifā |
ʾulifnā |
ʾuliftum |
ʾulifū | |||
f | ʾulifti |
ʾulifat |
ʾulifatā |
ʾuliftunna |
ʾulifna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʾūlafu |
tuʾlafu |
yuʾlafu |
tuʾlafāni |
yuʾlafāni |
nuʾlafu |
tuʾlafūna |
yuʾlafūna | |||
f | tuʾlafīna |
tuʾlafu |
tuʾlafāni |
tuʾlafna |
yuʾlafna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʾūlafa |
tuʾlafa |
yuʾlafa |
tuʾlafā |
yuʾlafā |
nuʾlafa |
tuʾlafū |
yuʾlafū | |||
f | tuʾlafī |
tuʾlafa |
tuʾlafā |
tuʾlafna |
yuʾlafna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʾūlaf |
tuʾlaf |
yuʾlaf |
tuʾlafā |
yuʾlafā |
nuʾlaf |
tuʾlafū |
yuʾlafū | |||
f | tuʾlafī |
tuʾlaf |
tuʾlafā |
tuʾlafna |
yuʾlafna |
NounEdit
أَلْف • (ʾalf) m
- verbal noun of أَلِف (ʾalif) (form I)
DeclensionEdit
Etymology 4Edit
From Proto-Semitic *ʔallip- (“to tame, to domesticate; to familiarize, to instruct; to unite, to join”). From the root ء ل ف (ʾ-l-f).
VerbEdit
أَلَّفَ • (ʾallafa) II, non-past يُؤَلِّفُ (yuʾallifu)
- to unite, join, combine, put together
- to unite with the rest of the subjugated animals of man, to make familiar, to accustom, to tame
- to compile, compose, be the author of (a book)
ConjugationEdit
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
taʾlīf | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
muʾallif | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
muʾallaf | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʾallaftu |
ʾallafta |
أَلَّفَ ʾallafa |
ʾallaftumā |
ʾallafā |
ʾallafnā |
ʾallaftum |
ʾallafū | |||
f | ʾallafti |
ʾallafat |
ʾallafatā |
ʾallaftunna |
ʾallafna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʾuʾallifu |
tuʾallifu |
yuʾallifu |
tuʾallifāni |
yuʾallifāni |
nuʾallifu |
tuʾallifūna |
yuʾallifūna | |||
f | tuʾallifīna |
tuʾallifu |
tuʾallifāni |
tuʾallifna |
yuʾallifna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʾuʾallifa |
tuʾallifa |
yuʾallifa |
tuʾallifā |
yuʾallifā |
nuʾallifa |
tuʾallifū |
yuʾallifū | |||
f | tuʾallifī |
tuʾallifa |
tuʾallifā |
tuʾallifna |
yuʾallifna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʾuʾallif |
tuʾallif |
yuʾallif |
tuʾallifā |
yuʾallifā |
nuʾallif |
tuʾallifū |
yuʾallifū | |||
f | tuʾallifī |
tuʾallif |
tuʾallifā |
tuʾallifna |
yuʾallifna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | أَلِّفْ ʾallif |
ʾallifā |
ʾallifū |
||||||||
f | ʾallifī |
ʾallifna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʾulliftu |
ʾullifta |
أُلِّفَ ʾullifa |
ʾulliftumā |
ʾullifā |
ʾullifnā |
ʾulliftum |
ʾullifū | |||
f | ʾullifti |
ʾullifat |
ʾullifatā |
ʾulliftunna |
ʾullifna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʾuʾallafu |
tuʾallafu |
yuʾallafu |
tuʾallafāni |
yuʾallafāni |
nuʾallafu |
tuʾallafūna |
yuʾallafūna | |||
f | tuʾallafīna |
tuʾallafu |
tuʾallafāni |
tuʾallafna |
yuʾallafna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʾuʾallafa |
tuʾallafa |
yuʾallafa |
tuʾallafā |
yuʾallafā |
nuʾallafa |
tuʾallafū |
yuʾallafū | |||
f | tuʾallafī |
tuʾallafa |
tuʾallafā |
tuʾallafna |
yuʾallafna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʾuʾallaf |
tuʾallaf |
yuʾallaf |
tuʾallafā |
yuʾallafā |
nuʾallaf |
tuʾallafū |
yuʾallafū | |||
f | tuʾallafī |
tuʾallaf |
tuʾallafā |
tuʾallafna |
yuʾallafna |
Etymology 5Edit
VerbEdit
VerbEdit
VerbEdit
- second-person masculine singular active imperative of أَلْفَى (ʾalfā)
Egyptian ArabicEdit
NumeralEdit
Moroccan ArabicEdit
EtymologyEdit
10,000 | ||||
← 100 | ← 900 | 1,000 | 2,000 → | 10,000 → |
---|---|---|---|---|
100 | ||||
Cardinal: ألف |
PronunciationEdit
NumeralEdit
ألف • (ʔalf) m (dual ألفَيْن (ʔalfayn) or ألفِين (ʔalfīn), plural آلاف (ʔālāf))
South Levantine ArabicEdit
Root |
---|
ء ل ف |
Etymology 1Edit
From Arabic أَلَّفَ (ʾallafa).
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
ألّف • (ʔallaf) (form II, present بألّف (biʔallef))
- to author, to compose
- (figurative, by extension) to invent or come up with (a story)
ConjugationEdit
Conjugation of ألّف (ʔallaf) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | ألّفت (ʔallaft) | ألّفت (ʔallaft) | ألّف (ʔallaf) | ألّفنا (ʔallafna) | ألّفتو (ʔallaftu) | ألّفو (ʔallafu) | |
f | ألّفتي (ʔallafti) | ألّفت (ʔallafat) | ||||||
present | m | بألّف (baʔallef) | بتألّف (bitʔallef) | بألّف (biʔallef) | منألّف (minʔallef) | بتألّفو (bitʔallfu) | بألّفو (biʔallfu) | |
f | بتألّفي (bitʔallfi) | بتألّف (bitʔallef) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | األّف (aʔallef) | تألّف (tʔallef) | يألّف (yʔallef) | نألّف (nʔallef) | تألّفو (tʔallfu) | يألّفو (yʔallfu) | |
f | تألّفي (tʔallfi) | تألّف (tʔallef) | ||||||
imperative | m | ألّف (ʔallef) | ألّفو (ʔallfu) | |||||
f | ألّفي (ʔallfi) |
Etymology 2Edit
10,000 | ||||
← 100 | ← 900 | ١٬٠٠٠ 1,000 |
2,000 → | 10,000 → |
---|---|---|---|---|
100 | ||||
Cardinal: ألف |
PronunciationEdit
NumeralEdit
ألف • (ʔalf) m (dual ألفين (ʔalfēn), plural آلاف (ʔālāf) or ألوف (ʔulūf))