اصفهان

See also: أصفهان

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian اِصْفَهَان (isfahān), from earlier سِپَاهَان (sipāhān), from Middle Persian, ultimately from Old Persian *spādānah (“army”) or *spādānām (“of the armies”), from 𐎿𐎱𐎠𐎭 (s-p-a-d /⁠spādaʰ⁠/, “army”), from Proto-Iranian *cwáHdaH (“army”).

Proper noun

اصفهان • (İsfahan)

1. Isfahan (a city in Isfahan province, Iran).

Descendants

• Turkish: İsfahan

Further reading

• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “اصفهان”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[1], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 129

Persian

Alternative forms

• اسپهان (espahân), سپاهان (Sepāhān)

Etymology

From earlier form, سپاهان (sipāhān) from Middle Persian [script needed] (spʾhʾn /⁠Spāhān⁠/) ultimately from Old Persian *spādānah (“connected with the army”) or *spādānām (“of the armies”), from 𐎿𐎱𐎠𐎭 (s-p-a-d /⁠spādaʰ⁠/, “army”), from Proto-Iranian *cwáHdaH (“army”); see there for further information.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ʔis.fa.ˈhɑːn]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɪs.fä.ɦɑ́ːn]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔɪs.fä.ɦɑ́ːn]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ʔɪs.fɑːɑ́ːn]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ʔis.fɔːɔ́ːn]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔes.fæ.ɦɒ́ːn]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ʔis.fä.ɦɔ́n]

Readings
Classical reading?	isfahān
Dari reading?	isfahān
Iranian reading?	esfahân
Tajik reading?	isfahon

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑːn

Proper noun

Dari	اصفهان
Iranian Persian
Tajik	Исфаҳон

اصفهان • (esfahân)

1. Isfahan (the capital city of Isfahan Province, Iran)
2. Isfahan (a province of Iran)

Inflection

Predicative forms of اصفهان (esfahân)
	singular	plural
1st person (“I am, we are”)	اصفهانم (esfahânam)	اصفهانیم (esfahânim)
2nd person (“you are”)	اصفهانی (esfahâni)	اصفهانید (esfahânid) اصفهانین △ (esfahânin)
3rd person (“he/she/it is, they are”)	اصفهان است (esfahân ast) اصفهانه △ (esfahâne)	اصفهانند (esfahânand) اصفهانن △ (esfahânan)
△ Colloquial.

Derived terms

• اصفهانی (esfahâni)