باران

Central Kurdish

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *waHr- (“water; rain”), from Proto-Indo-European *weh₁r- (“water”). Cognate with Persian باران (bârân); see there for more.

Noun

Northern Kurdish	baran

باران (baran)

1. rain

References

• Cabolov, R. L. (2001) “bārān”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ kurdskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Kurdish Language] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Russian Academy Press Vostochnaya Literatura, page 152
• Kedajtene, Je. I., Mukriani, Kurdistan, Mitroxina, V. I. (1977) “дождь”, in Kedajtene Je. I., editor, Učebnyj russko-kurdskij slovarʹ [Russian–Kurdish Learning Dictionary], Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 82
• Kurdojev, K. K., Jusupova, Z. A. (1983) “باران”, in Kurdsko-russkij slovarʹ (sorani) [Kurdish–Russian Dictionary (Sorani)], Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 48b

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Persian باران (bârân, “rain”).

Noun

باران • (baran)

1. rain, condensed water falling from a cloud

   Synonyms: مطر (matar), یاغمور (yağmur)

Derived terms

• باران دیده (baran-dide, “soaked with rain”)
• باران زده (baran-zede, “drenched with rain”)
• بارانی (barani, “rainy”)
• بارانیه (baraniye, “raincoat”)

Descendants

• Turkish: baran (obsolete)

Further reading

• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “baran2”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 465
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “باران”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[1], Constantinople: Mihran, page 234
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Pluvia”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[2], Vienna, column 1310
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “باران”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[3], Vienna, column 643
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “baran”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “باران”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[4], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 319

Etymology 2

From Armenian պարան (paran, “rope, cord; row of vines in a vineyard”).

Noun

باران • (baran)

1. (agriculture) row of vines in a vineyard

Descendants

• Turkish: baran

Further reading

• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1979) “պարան”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume IV, Yerevan: University Press, page 56b
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “baran3”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 465
• Dankoff, Robert (1995) Armenian Loanwords in Turkish (Turcologica; 21), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, § 610, page 125
• Eren, Hasan (1999) “baran”, in Türk Dilinin Etimolojik Sözlüğü [Etymological Dictionary of the Turkish Language] (in Turkish), Ankara: Bizim Büro Basım Evi, page 39b
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “باران”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[5], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 319

Pashto

Etymology

Borrowed from Persian باران (bârân).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /bɑˈrɑn/
• (Wazirwola) IPA^(key): /bɑˈrom/

Noun

باران • (bārā́n) m

1. rain

Declension

Declension of باران

	singular	plural
direct	باران (bārān)	بارانونه (bārānuna)
oblique	باران (bārān)	بارانونو (bārānuno)
vocative	بارانه (bārāna)	بارانونو (bārānuno)

References

• Pashtoon, Zeeya A. (2009) “باران”, in Pashto–English Dictionary, Hyattsville: Dunwoody Press, page 75a

Persian

Alternative forms

• بارون (bârun) (colloquial, Tehrani)
• گواران (gwârân) (archaic, Sistan)

Etymology

From Middle Persian [script needed] (wʾlʾn' /⁠wārān⁠/) (Manichaean Middle Persian [script needed] (wʾrʾn /⁠wārān⁠/)), compound of [script needed] (wʾl /⁠wār-⁠/) and [script needed] (-ʾn' /⁠-ān⁠/), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *waHr- (“water; rain”), from Proto-Indo-European *weh₁r- (“water”).

Indo-Iranian cognates include Northern Kurdish baran, Avestan 𐬬𐬁𐬭𐬀 (vāra, “rain”), and Sanskrit वार् (vār, “water”). Other Indo-European cognates include Luwian 𒉿𒀀𒅈 (wār, “water”), Old Norse vari (“liquid, water”) and Latin ūrīnor (“to dive”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [bɑː.ɾɑːn]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɑː.ɾɑːn]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [bɑː.ɾɑːn]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [bɑː.ɾɑːn]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [bɔː.ɾɔːn]

 

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [bɒː.ɹɒːn]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [bɒː.ɹɒːn]
  • (Tehrani) IPA^(key): [bɒː.ɹuːn]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [bɔ.ɾɔn]

Readings
Classical reading?	bārān
Dari reading?	bārān
Iranian reading?	bârân
Tajik reading?	boron

• Audio (Iran):

  (file)

Noun

باران • (bârân)

Dari	باران
Iranian Persian
Tajik	борон

1. rain

   باران کلاهش را تر کرده.

   bârân kolâh-aš râ tar karde.

   The rain has wet his hat.

   • c. 1650, Mīrzā Abū Ṭālib Kalīm, دیوان [Dīvān]:

     منت باران به کشت آرزویش می‌دهد
     غمزه‌ات گر خسته‌ای را تیرباران کرده است

     minnat-i bârân ba kišt-i ârzû-yaš mê-nihad
     ğamza-at gar xasta-ê râ tîrbârân karda ast

     Your teasing wink fulfills the duty of rain for the field of [my heart’s] desire
     Though it has rained [only] a shower of arrows into a wounded [heart].

Derived terms

• باران آمدن (bârân âmadan)
• باران دیده (bârân dide)
• بارانی (bârâni)
• باران‌زا (bârân-zâ)
• باران‌ستج (bârân-sanj)
• باران‌گیر (bârân-gir)
• بمباران (bombârân)
• شغال باران (šoğâl bârân)
• پرباران (por-bârân)
• کم‌باران (kam-bârân)

Descendants

• → Azerbaijani: baran
• → Gujarati: બારાન (bārān)
• → Ottoman Turkish: باران (baran)
  • Turkish: baran (obsolete)
• → Pashto: باران (bârân)
• → Urdu: باراں (bārā̃)

Verb

باران • (bârân)

1. present participle of باریدن (bâridan, “to rain”)

Proper noun

باران • (bârân)

1. a female given name, Baran, from Middle Persian

References

• Bailey, H. W. (1979) Dictionary of Khotan Saka, Cambridge, London, New York, Melbourne: Cambridge University press, page 278a
• Horn, Paul (1893) “bārān”, in Grundriss der neupersischen Etymologie (in German), Strasbourg: K.J. Trübner, § 159, page 36
• Cabolov, R. L. (2001) “bārān”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ kurdskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Kurdish Language] (in Russian), volume I, Moscow: Russian Academy Press Vostochnaya Literatura, page 152
• Cheung, Johnny (2007) Etymological Dictionary of the Iranian Verb (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 2), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 406-7
• Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[6] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 544-5