ترب
Arabic edit
Etymology 1 edit
Root |
---|
ت ر ب (t-r-b) |
Verb edit
تَرَبَ • (taraba) I, non-past يَتْرَبُ (yatrabu)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of
تَرِبَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun تَرْب)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
تَرْب tarb | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
tārib | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
matrūb | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | taribtu |
taribta |
تَرِبَ tariba |
taribtumā |
taribā |
taribnā |
taribtum |
taribū | |||
f | taribti |
taribat |
taribatā |
taribtunna |
taribna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔatrabu |
tatrabu |
yatrabu |
tatrabāni |
yatrabāni |
natrabu |
tatrabūna |
yatrabūna | |||
f | tatrabīna |
tatrabu |
tatrabāni |
tatrabna |
yatrabna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔatraba |
tatraba |
yatraba |
tatrabā |
yatrabā |
natraba |
tatrabū |
yatrabū | |||
f | tatrabī |
tatraba |
tatrabā |
tatrabna |
yatrabna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔatrab |
tatrab |
yatrab |
tatrabā |
yatrabā |
natrab |
tatrabū |
yatrabū | |||
f | tatrabī |
tatrab |
tatrabā |
tatrabna |
yatrabna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | itrab |
itrabā |
itrabū |
||||||||
f | itrabī |
itrabna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | turibtu |
turibta |
تُرِبَ turiba |
turibtumā |
turibā |
turibnā |
turibtum |
turibū | |||
f | turibti |
turibat |
turibatā |
turibtunna |
turibna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔutrabu |
tutrabu |
yutrabu |
tutrabāni |
yutrabāni |
nutrabu |
tutrabūna |
yutrabūna | |||
f | tutrabīna |
tutrabu |
tutrabāni |
tutrabna |
yutrabna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔutraba |
tutraba |
yutraba |
tutrabā |
yutrabā |
nutraba |
tutrabū |
yutrabū | |||
f | tutrabī |
tutraba |
tutrabā |
tutrabna |
yutrabna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔutrab |
tutrab |
yutrab |
tutrabā |
yutrabā |
nutrab |
tutrabū |
yutrabū | |||
f | tutrabī |
tutrab |
tutrabā |
tutrabna |
yutrabna |
Verb edit
تَرِبَ • (tariba) I, non-past يَتْرَبُ (yatrabu)
- to have earth on oneself
- (idiomatic) to be so poor as to cleave to the dust
- 7th century CE, Ṣaḥīḥ Muslim, 18:60:
- أَمَّا مُعَاوِيَةُ فَرَجُلٌ تَرِبَ لَا مَالَ لَهُ
- ʔammā muʕāwiyatu farajulun tariba lā māla lahu
- So far as Muʿāwiya is concerned, he is a poor man without any property.
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of
تَرِبَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun تَرَب)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
تَرَب tarab | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
tārib | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | taribtu |
taribta |
تَرِبَ tariba |
taribtumā |
taribā |
taribnā |
taribtum |
taribū | |||
f | taribti |
taribat |
taribatā |
taribtunna |
taribna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔatrabu |
tatrabu |
yatrabu |
tatrabāni |
yatrabāni |
natrabu |
tatrabūna |
yatrabūna | |||
f | tatrabīna |
tatrabu |
tatrabāni |
tatrabna |
yatrabna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔatraba |
tatraba |
yatraba |
tatrabā |
yatrabā |
natraba |
tatrabū |
yatrabū | |||
f | tatrabī |
tatraba |
tatrabā |
tatrabna |
yatrabna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔatrab |
tatrab |
yatrab |
tatrabā |
yatrabā |
natrab |
tatrabū |
yatrabū | |||
f | tatrabī |
tatrab |
tatrabā |
tatrabna |
yatrabna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | itrab |
itrabā |
itrabū |
||||||||
f | itrabī |
itrabna |
Verb edit
تَرَّبَ • (tarraba) II, non-past يُتَرِّبُ (yutarribu)
Conjugation edit
Conjugation of
تَرَّبَ
(form-II sound)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
tatrīb | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
mutarrib | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
mutarrab | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | tarrabtu |
tarrabta |
تَرَّبَ tarraba |
tarrabtumā |
tarrabā |
tarrabnā |
tarrabtum |
tarrabū | |||
f | tarrabti |
tarrabat |
tarrabatā |
tarrabtunna |
tarrabna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔutarribu |
tutarribu |
yutarribu |
tutarribāni |
yutarribāni |
nutarribu |
tutarribūna |
yutarribūna | |||
f | tutarribīna |
tutarribu |
tutarribāni |
tutarribna |
yutarribna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔutarriba |
tutarriba |
yutarriba |
tutarribā |
yutarribā |
nutarriba |
tutarribū |
yutarribū | |||
f | tutarribī |
tutarriba |
tutarribā |
tutarribna |
yutarribna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔutarrib |
tutarrib |
yutarrib |
tutarribā |
yutarribā |
nutarrib |
tutarribū |
yutarribū | |||
f | tutarribī |
tutarrib |
tutarribā |
tutarribna |
yutarribna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | تَرِّبْ tarrib |
tarribā |
tarribū |
||||||||
f | tarribī |
tarribna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | turribtu |
turribta |
تُرِّبَ turriba |
turribtumā |
turribā |
turribnā |
turribtum |
turribū | |||
f | turribti |
turribat |
turribatā |
turribtunna |
turribna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔutarrabu |
tutarrabu |
yutarrabu |
tutarrabāni |
yutarrabāni |
nutarrabu |
tutarrabūna |
yutarrabūna | |||
f | tutarrabīna |
tutarrabu |
tutarrabāni |
tutarrabna |
yutarrabna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔutarraba |
tutarraba |
yutarraba |
tutarrabā |
yutarrabā |
nutarraba |
tutarrabū |
yutarrabū | |||
f | tutarrabī |
tutarraba |
tutarrabā |
tutarrabna |
yutarrabna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔutarrab |
tutarrab |
yutarrab |
tutarrabā |
yutarrabā |
nutarrab |
tutarrabū |
yutarrabū | |||
f | tutarrabī |
tutarrab |
tutarrabā |
tutarrabna |
yutarrabna |
Noun edit
تِرْب • (tirb) m (plural أَتْرَاب (ʔatrāb))
Declension edit
Declension of noun تِرْب (tirb)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | تِرْب tirb |
التِّرْب at-tirb |
تِرْب tirb |
Nominative | تِرْبٌ tirbun |
التِّرْبُ at-tirbu |
تِرْبُ tirbu |
Accusative | تِرْبًا tirban |
التِّرْبَ at-tirba |
تِرْبَ tirba |
Genitive | تِرْبٍ tirbin |
التِّرْبِ at-tirbi |
تِرْبِ tirbi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | تِرْبَيْن tirbayn |
التِّرْبَيْن at-tirbayn |
تِرْبَيْ tirbay |
Nominative | تِرْبَانِ tirbāni |
التِّرْبَانِ at-tirbāni |
تِرْبَا tirbā |
Accusative | تِرْبَيْنِ tirbayni |
التِّرْبَيْنِ at-tirbayni |
تِرْبَيْ tirbay |
Genitive | تِرْبَيْنِ tirbayni |
التِّرْبَيْنِ at-tirbayni |
تِرْبَيْ tirbay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَتْرَاب ʔatrāb |
الْأَتْرَاب al-ʔatrāb |
أَتْرَاب ʔatrāb |
Nominative | أَتْرَابٌ ʔatrābun |
الْأَتْرَابُ al-ʔatrābu |
أَتْرَابُ ʔatrābu |
Accusative | أَتْرَابًا ʔatrāban |
الْأَتْرَابَ al-ʔatrāba |
أَتْرَابَ ʔatrāba |
Genitive | أَتْرَابٍ ʔatrābin |
الْأَتْرَابِ al-ʔatrābi |
أَتْرَابِ ʔatrābi |
Adjective edit
تَرِب • (tarib)
Declension edit
Declension of adjective تَرِب (tarib)
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
basic singular triptote | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | تَرِب tarib |
التَّرِب at-tarib |
تَرِبَة tariba |
التَّرِبَة at-tariba |
Nominative | تَرِبٌ taribun |
التَّرِبُ at-taribu |
تَرِبَةٌ taribatun |
التَّرِبَةُ at-taribatu |
Accusative | تَرِبًا tariban |
التَّرِبَ at-tariba |
تَرِبَةً taribatan |
التَّرِبَةَ at-taribata |
Genitive | تَرِبٍ taribin |
التَّرِبِ at-taribi |
تَرِبَةٍ taribatin |
التَّرِبَةِ at-taribati |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | تَرِبَيْن taribayn |
التَّرِبَيْن at-taribayn |
تَرِبَتَيْن taribatayn |
التَّرِبَتَيْن at-taribatayn |
Nominative | تَرِبَانِ taribāni |
التَّرِبَانِ at-taribāni |
تَرِبَتَانِ taribatāni |
التَّرِبَتَانِ at-taribatāni |
Accusative | تَرِبَيْنِ taribayni |
التَّرِبَيْنِ at-taribayni |
تَرِبَتَيْنِ taribatayni |
التَّرِبَتَيْنِ at-taribatayni |
Genitive | تَرِبَيْنِ taribayni |
التَّرِبَيْنِ at-taribayni |
تَرِبَتَيْنِ taribatayni |
التَّرِبَتَيْنِ at-taribatayni |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
basic broken plural diptote | sound feminine plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | أَتْرِبَاء ʔatribāʔ |
الْأَتْرِبَاء al-ʔatribāʔ |
تَرِبَات taribāt |
التَّرِبَات at-taribāt |
Nominative | أَتْرِبَاءُ ʔatribāʔu |
الْأَتْرِبَاءُ al-ʔatribāʔu |
تَرِبَاتٌ taribātun |
التَّرِبَاتُ at-taribātu |
Accusative | أَتْرِبَاءَ ʔatribāʔa |
الْأَتْرِبَاءَ al-ʔatribāʔa |
تَرِبَاتٍ taribātin |
التَّرِبَاتِ at-taribāti |
Genitive | أَتْرِبَاءَ ʔatribāʔa |
الْأَتْرِبَاءِ al-ʔatribāʔi |
تَرِبَاتٍ taribātin |
التَّرِبَاتِ at-taribāti |
References edit
- “ترب” in Almaany
- Freytag, Georg (1830) “ترب”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum[1] (in Latin), volume 1, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 187
- Lane, Edward William (1863) “ترب”, in Arabic-English Lexicon[2], London: Williams & Norgate, page 300
- Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “ترب”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary[3], London: W.H. Allen, page 169
- Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “ترب”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart[4] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 137
Etymology 2 edit
Verb edit
- second-person masculine singular non-past active indicative of رَبَّ (rabba)
- third-person feminine singular non-past active indicative of رَبَّ (rabba)
Verb edit
- second-person masculine singular non-past active subjunctive of رَبَّ (rabba)
- second-person masculine singular non-past active jussive of رَبَّ (rabba)
- third-person feminine singular non-past active subjunctive of رَبَّ (rabba)
- third-person feminine singular non-past active jussive of رَبَّ (rabba)
Verb edit
- second-person masculine singular non-past active jussive of رَبَّ (rabba)
- third-person feminine singular non-past active jussive of رَبَّ (rabba)
Verb edit
- second-person masculine singular non-past passive indicative of رَبَّ (rabba)
- third-person feminine singular non-past passive indicative of رَبَّ (rabba)
Verb edit
- second-person masculine singular non-past passive subjunctive of رَبَّ (rabba)
- second-person masculine singular non-past passive jussive of رَبَّ (rabba)
- third-person feminine singular non-past passive subjunctive of رَبَّ (rabba)
- third-person feminine singular non-past passive jussive of رَبَّ (rabba)
Verb edit
- second-person masculine singular non-past passive jussive of رَبَّ (rabba)
- third-person feminine singular non-past passive jussive of رَبَّ (rabba)
Etymology 3 edit
Verb edit
- second-person masculine singular non-past active jussive of رَبَا (rabā)
- third-person feminine singular non-past active jussive of رَبَا (rabā)
Etymology 4 edit
Verb edit
- second-person masculine singular non-past active jussive of رَبَّى (rabbā)
- third-person feminine singular non-past active jussive of رَبَّى (rabbā)
Verb edit
- second-person masculine singular non-past passive jussive of رَبَّى (rabbā)
- third-person feminine singular non-past passive jussive of رَبَّى (rabbā)
Etymology 5 edit
Noun edit
تُرَب • (turab) pl
Persian edit
Alternative forms edit
Etymology edit
From Turkic, see Ottoman Turkish تورپ (turp).
Intuited shakily by Laufer by Doerfer and Clauson to be an Iranian borrowing in Turkic, in view of internal etymological opacity of the term in Turkic and the Persian variant turf, which we reckon to be a secondary variant like شفدر (šafdar) for شبدر (šabdar).
Note also Northern Kurdish tivir, Central Kurdish توور (tûr), Zazaki tırewı, tılpı, Talysh təyf, Armenian թրեֆ (tʻref).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [tuɾβ], [tu.ɾuβ]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [t̪ʰoɹb̥], [t̪ʰo.ɹob̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [t̪ʰuɾb], [t̪ʰu.ɾub]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | turb, turuḇ |
Dari reading? | turb, turub |
Iranian reading? | torb, torob |
Tajik reading? | turb, turub |
Noun edit
ترب • (torob)
References edit
- Cabolov, R. L. (2010) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ kurdskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Kurdish Language] (in Russian), volume II, Moscow: Russian Academy Press Vostochnaya Literatura, page 354
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 549
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