سد

See also: شد‎ and شذ‎

Arabic

Etymology

From the root س د د‎ (s-d-d).

Verb

سَدَّ • (sadda) I, non-past يَسُدُّ‎‎ (yasuddu)

1. to close up, to seal off
2. to obstruct, to block, to bar
3. to repair
4. to fill (a gap)
5. to grant compensation; to redeem (a debt)

Conjugation

Conjugation of

سَدَّ

(form-I geminate, verbal noun سَدّ)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						سَدّ sadd
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						سَادّ‎ sādd
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَسْدُود‎ masdūd
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سَدَدْتُ‎ sadadtu	سَدَدْتَ‎ sadadta	سَدَّ sadda		سَدَدْتُمَا‎ sadadtumā	سَدَّا‎ saddā		سَدَدْنَا‎ sadadnā	سَدَدْتُمْ‎ sadadtum	سَدُّوا‎ saddū
	f		سَدَدْتِ‎ sadadti	سَدَّتْ‎ saddat			سَدَّتَا‎ saddatā			سَدَدْتُنَّ‎ sadadtunna	سَدَدْنَ‎ sadadna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَسُدُّ‎ ʔasuddu	تَسُدُّ‎ tasuddu	يَسُدُّ‎ yasuddu		تَسُدَّانِ‎ tasuddāni	يَسُدَّانِ‎ yasuddāni		نَسُدُّ‎ nasuddu	تَسُدُّونَ‎ tasuddūna	يَسُدُّونَ‎ yasuddūna
	f		تَسُدِّينَ‎ tasuddīna	تَسُدُّ‎ tasuddu			تَسُدَّانِ‎ tasuddāni			تَسْدُدْنَ‎ tasdudna	يَسْدُدْنَ‎ yasdudna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَسُدَّ‎ ʔasudda	تَسُدَّ‎ tasudda	يَسُدَّ‎ yasudda		تَسُدَّا‎ tasuddā	يَسُدَّا‎ yasuddā		نَسُدَّ‎ nasudda	تَسُدُّوا‎ tasuddū	يَسُدُّوا‎ yasuddū
	f		تَسُدِّي‎ tasuddī	تَسُدَّ‎ tasudda			تَسُدَّا‎ tasuddā			تَسْدُدْنَ‎ tasdudna	يَسْدُدْنَ‎ yasdudna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَسُدَّ‎ or أَسُدِّ‎ or أَسْدُدْ‎ ʔasudda or ʔasuddi or ʔasdud	تَسُدَّ‎ or تَسُدِّ‎ or تَسْدُدْ‎ tasudda or tasuddi or tasdud	يَسُدَّ‎ or يَسُدِّ‎ or يَسْدُدْ‎ yasudda or yasuddi or yasdud		تَسُدَّا‎ tasuddā	يَسُدَّا‎ yasuddā		نَسُدَّ‎ or نَسُدِّ‎ or نَسْدُدْ‎ nasudda or nasuddi or nasdud	تَسُدُّوا‎ tasuddū	يَسُدُّوا‎ yasuddū
	f		تَسُدِّي‎ tasuddī	تَسُدَّ‎ or تَسُدِّ‎ or تَسْدُدْ‎ tasudda or tasuddi or tasdud			تَسُدَّا‎ tasuddā			تَسْدُدْنَ‎ tasdudna	يَسْدُدْنَ‎ yasdudna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		سُدَّ or سُدِّ or اُسْدُدْ‎ sudda or suddi or usdud			سُدَّا‎ suddā				سُدُّوا‎ suddū
	f		سُدِّي‎ suddī							اُسْدُدْنَ‎ usdudna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سُدِدْتُ‎ sudidtu	سُدِدْتَ‎ sudidta	سُدَّ sudda		سُدِدْتُمَا‎ sudidtumā	سُدَّا‎ suddā		سُدِدْنَا‎ sudidnā	سُدِدْتُمْ‎ sudidtum	سُدُّوا‎ suddū
	f		سُدِدْتِ‎ sudidti	سُدَّتْ‎ suddat			سُدَّتَا‎ suddatā			سُدِدْتُنَّ‎ sudidtunna	سُدِدْنَ‎ sudidna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُسَدُّ‎ ʔusaddu	تُسَدُّ‎ tusaddu	يُسَدُّ‎ yusaddu		تُسَدَّانِ‎ tusaddāni	يُسَدَّانِ‎ yusaddāni		نُسَدُّ‎ nusaddu	تُسَدُّونَ‎ tusaddūna	يُسَدُّونَ‎ yusaddūna
	f		تُسَدِّينَ‎ tusaddīna	تُسَدُّ‎ tusaddu			تُسَدَّانِ‎ tusaddāni			تُسْدَدْنَ‎ tusdadna	يُسْدَدْنَ‎ yusdadna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُسَدَّ‎ ʔusadda	تُسَدَّ‎ tusadda	يُسَدَّ‎ yusadda		تُسَدَّا‎ tusaddā	يُسَدَّا‎ yusaddā		نُسَدَّ‎ nusadda	تُسَدُّوا‎ tusaddū	يُسَدُّوا‎ yusaddū
	f		تُسَدِّي‎ tusaddī	تُسَدَّ‎ tusadda			تُسَدَّا‎ tusaddā			تُسْدَدْنَ‎ tusdadna	يُسْدَدْنَ‎ yusdadna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُسَدَّ‎ or أُسَدِّ‎ or أُسْدَدْ‎ ʔusadda or ʔusaddi or ʔusdad	تُسَدَّ‎ or تُسَدِّ‎ or تُسْدَدْ‎ tusadda or tusaddi or tusdad	يُسَدَّ‎ or يُسَدِّ‎ or يُسْدَدْ‎ yusadda or yusaddi or yusdad		تُسَدَّا‎ tusaddā	يُسَدَّا‎ yusaddā		نُسَدَّ‎ or نُسَدِّ‎ or نُسْدَدْ‎ nusadda or nusaddi or nusdad	تُسَدُّوا‎ tusaddū	يُسَدُّوا‎ yusaddū
	f		تُسَدِّي‎ tusaddī	تُسَدَّ‎ or تُسَدِّ‎ or تُسْدَدْ‎ tusadda or tusaddi or tusdad			تُسَدَّا‎ tusaddā			تُسْدَدْنَ‎ tusdadna	يُسْدَدْنَ‎ yusdadna

Verb

سَدَّ • (sadda) I, non-past يَسِدُّ‎‎ (yasiddu)

1. to be truthful
2. to hit on the right thing, be to the point

Conjugation

Conjugation of

سَدَّ

(form-I geminate, verbal nouns سُدُود or سَدَاد)

verbal nouns الْمَصَادِر						سُدُود‎ or سَدَاد‎ sudūd or sadād
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						سَادّ‎ sādd
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مَسْدُود‎ masdūd
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سَدَدْتُ‎ sadadtu	سَدَدْتَ‎ sadadta	سَدَّ sadda		سَدَدْتُمَا‎ sadadtumā	سَدَّا‎ saddā		سَدَدْنَا‎ sadadnā	سَدَدْتُمْ‎ sadadtum	سَدُّوا‎ saddū
	f		سَدَدْتِ‎ sadadti	سَدَّتْ‎ saddat			سَدَّتَا‎ saddatā			سَدَدْتُنَّ‎ sadadtunna	سَدَدْنَ‎ sadadna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أَسِدُّ‎ ʔasiddu	تَسِدُّ‎ tasiddu	يَسِدُّ‎ yasiddu		تَسِدَّانِ‎ tasiddāni	يَسِدَّانِ‎ yasiddāni		نَسِدُّ‎ nasiddu	تَسِدُّونَ‎ tasiddūna	يَسِدُّونَ‎ yasiddūna
	f		تَسِدِّينَ‎ tasiddīna	تَسِدُّ‎ tasiddu			تَسِدَّانِ‎ tasiddāni			تَسْدِدْنَ‎ tasdidna	يَسْدِدْنَ‎ yasdidna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَسِدَّ‎ ʔasidda	تَسِدَّ‎ tasidda	يَسِدَّ‎ yasidda		تَسِدَّا‎ tasiddā	يَسِدَّا‎ yasiddā		نَسِدَّ‎ nasidda	تَسِدُّوا‎ tasiddū	يَسِدُّوا‎ yasiddū
	f		تَسِدِّي‎ tasiddī	تَسِدَّ‎ tasidda			تَسِدَّا‎ tasiddā			تَسْدِدْنَ‎ tasdidna	يَسْدِدْنَ‎ yasdidna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَسِدَّ‎ or أَسِدِّ‎ or أَسْدِدْ‎ ʔasidda or ʔasiddi or ʔasdid	تَسِدَّ‎ or تَسِدِّ‎ or تَسْدِدْ‎ tasidda or tasiddi or tasdid	يَسِدَّ‎ or يَسِدِّ‎ or يَسْدِدْ‎ yasidda or yasiddi or yasdid		تَسِدَّا‎ tasiddā	يَسِدَّا‎ yasiddā		نَسِدَّ‎ or نَسِدِّ‎ or نَسْدِدْ‎ nasidda or nasiddi or nasdid	تَسِدُّوا‎ tasiddū	يَسِدُّوا‎ yasiddū
	f		تَسِدِّي‎ tasiddī	تَسِدَّ‎ or تَسِدِّ‎ or تَسْدِدْ‎ tasidda or tasiddi or tasdid			تَسِدَّا‎ tasiddā			تَسْدِدْنَ‎ tasdidna	يَسْدِدْنَ‎ yasdidna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		سِدَّ or سِدِّ or اِسْدِدْ‎ sidda or siddi or isdid			سِدَّا‎ siddā				سِدُّوا‎ siddū
	f		سِدِّي‎ siddī							اِسْدِدْنَ‎ isdidna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	سُدِدْتُ‎ sudidtu	سُدِدْتَ‎ sudidta	سُدَّ sudda		سُدِدْتُمَا‎ sudidtumā	سُدَّا‎ suddā		سُدِدْنَا‎ sudidnā	سُدِدْتُمْ‎ sudidtum	سُدُّوا‎ suddū
	f		سُدِدْتِ‎ sudidti	سُدَّتْ‎ suddat			سُدَّتَا‎ suddatā			سُدِدْتُنَّ‎ sudidtunna	سُدِدْنَ‎ sudidna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُسَدُّ‎ ʔusaddu	تُسَدُّ‎ tusaddu	يُسَدُّ‎ yusaddu		تُسَدَّانِ‎ tusaddāni	يُسَدَّانِ‎ yusaddāni		نُسَدُّ‎ nusaddu	تُسَدُّونَ‎ tusaddūna	يُسَدُّونَ‎ yusaddūna
	f		تُسَدِّينَ‎ tusaddīna	تُسَدُّ‎ tusaddu			تُسَدَّانِ‎ tusaddāni			تُسْدَدْنَ‎ tusdadna	يُسْدَدْنَ‎ yusdadna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُسَدَّ‎ ʔusadda	تُسَدَّ‎ tusadda	يُسَدَّ‎ yusadda		تُسَدَّا‎ tusaddā	يُسَدَّا‎ yusaddā		نُسَدَّ‎ nusadda	تُسَدُّوا‎ tusaddū	يُسَدُّوا‎ yusaddū
	f		تُسَدِّي‎ tusaddī	تُسَدَّ‎ tusadda			تُسَدَّا‎ tusaddā			تُسْدَدْنَ‎ tusdadna	يُسْدَدْنَ‎ yusdadna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُسَدَّ‎ or أُسَدِّ‎ or أُسْدَدْ‎ ʔusadda or ʔusaddi or ʔusdad	تُسَدَّ‎ or تُسَدِّ‎ or تُسْدَدْ‎ tusadda or tusaddi or tusdad	يُسَدَّ‎ or يُسَدِّ‎ or يُسْدَدْ‎ yusadda or yusaddi or yusdad		تُسَدَّا‎ tusaddā	يُسَدَّا‎ yusaddā		نُسَدَّ‎ or نُسَدِّ‎ or نُسْدَدْ‎ nusadda or nusaddi or nusdad	تُسَدُّوا‎ tusaddū	يُسَدُّوا‎ yusaddū
	f		تُسَدِّي‎ tusaddī	تُسَدَّ‎ or تُسَدِّ‎ or تُسْدَدْ‎ tusadda or tusaddi or tusdad			تُسَدَّا‎ tusaddā			تُسْدَدْنَ‎ tusdadna	يُسْدَدْنَ‎ yusdadna

Noun

سَدّ • (sadd) m

1. verbal noun of سَدَّ (sadda) (form I)
   1. sealing, shutting off, obstruction, closure, shutdown

Declension

Declension of noun سَدّ (sadd)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَدّ sadd	السَّدّ‎ as-sadd	سَدّ sadd
Nominative	سَدٌّ saddun	السَّدُّ‎ as-saddu	سَدُّ saddu
Accusative	سَدًّا‎ saddan	السَّدَّ‎ as-sadda	سَدَّ sadda
Genitive	سَدٍّ saddin	السَّدِّ‎ as-saddi	سَدِّ saddi

Noun

سَدّ or سُدّ • (sadd or sudd) m (plural سُدُود‎ (sudūd) or أَسْدَاد‎ (ʔasdād))

1. dam, dike
2. barrier, obstacle, hurdle, bar

Declension

Declension of noun سَدّ (sadd)‎; سُدّ (sudd)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَدّ‎; سُدّ sadd‎; sudd	السَّدّ‎‎; السُّدّ‎ as-sadd‎; as-sudd	سَدّ‎; سُدّ sadd‎; sudd
Nominative	سَدٌّ‎; سُدٌّ saddun‎; suddun	السَّدُّ‎‎; السُّدُّ‎ as-saddu‎; as-suddu	سَدُّ‎; سُدُّ saddu‎; suddu
Accusative	سَدًّا‎‎; سُدًّا‎ saddan‎; suddan	السَّدَّ‎‎; السُّدَّ‎ as-sadda‎; as-sudda	سَدَّ‎; سُدَّ sadda‎; sudda
Genitive	سَدٍّ‎; سُدٍّ saddin‎; suddin	السَّدِّ‎‎; السُّدِّ‎ as-saddi‎; as-suddi	سَدِّ‎; سُدِّ saddi‎; suddi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سَدَّيْن‎‎; سُدَّيْن‎ saddayn‎; suddayn	السَّدَّيْن‎‎; السُّدَّيْن‎ as-saddayn‎; as-suddayn	سَدَّيْ‎‎; سُدَّيْ‎ sadday‎; sudday
Nominative	سَدَّانِ‎‎; سُدَّانِ‎ saddāni‎; suddāni	السَّدَّانِ‎‎; السُّدَّانِ‎ as-saddāni‎; as-suddāni	سَدَّا‎‎; سُدَّا‎ saddā‎; suddā
Accusative	سَدَّيْنِ‎‎; سُدَّيْنِ‎ saddayni‎; suddayni	السَّدَّيْنِ‎‎; السُّدَّيْنِ‎ as-saddayni‎; as-suddayni	سَدَّيْ‎‎; سُدَّيْ‎ sadday‎; sudday
Genitive	سَدَّيْنِ‎‎; سُدَّيْنِ‎ saddayni‎; suddayni	السَّدَّيْنِ‎‎; السُّدَّيْنِ‎ as-saddayni‎; as-suddayni	سَدَّيْ‎‎; سُدَّيْ‎ sadday‎; sudday
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	سُدُود‎‎; أَسْدَاد‎ sudūd‎; ʔasdād	السُّدُود‎‎; الْأَسْدَاد‎ as-sudūd‎; al-ʔasdād	سُدُود‎‎; أَسْدَاد‎ sudūd‎; ʔasdād
Nominative	سُدُودٌ‎‎; أَسْدَادٌ‎ sudūdun‎; ʔasdādun	السُّدُودُ‎‎; الْأَسْدَادُ‎ as-sudūdu‎; al-ʔasdādu	سُدُودُ‎‎; أَسْدَادُ‎ sudūdu‎; ʔasdādu
Accusative	سُدُودًا‎‎; أَسْدَادًا‎ sudūdan‎; ʔasdādan	السُّدُودَ‎‎; الْأَسْدَادَ‎ as-sudūda‎; al-ʔasdāda	سُدُودَ‎‎; أَسْدَادَ‎ sudūda‎; ʔasdāda
Genitive	سُدُودٍ‎‎; أَسْدَادٍ‎ sudūdin‎; ʔasdādin	السُّدُودِ‎‎; الْأَسْدَادِ‎ as-sudūdi‎; al-ʔasdādi	سُدُودِ‎‎; أَسْدَادِ‎ sudūdi‎; ʔasdādi

Related terms

• سادّ‎ (sādd)

Descendants

• → Catalan: assut
• → Portuguese: açude
• → Spanish: azud, azuda

Moroccan Arabic

Root
س د د‎
3 terms

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sadd/

• Audio

  (file)

Etymology 1

From Arabic سَدَّ‎ (sadda).

Verb

سد • (sadd) I (non-past يسدّ‎ (ysudd))

1. (transitive) to close

Conjugation

Conjugation of سد
		singular				plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
past	m	سدّيت‎ (saddīt)	سدّيتي‎ (saddīti)	سدّ (sadd)		سدّينا‎ (saddīna)	سدّيتوا‎ (saddītu)	سدّوا‎ (saddu)
	f			سدّت‎ (saddāt)
non-past	m	نسدّ‎ (nsudd)	تسدّ‎ (tsudd)	يسدّ‎ (ysudd)		نسدّوا‎ (nsuddu)	تسدّوا‎ (tsuddu)	يسدّوا‎ (ysuddu)
	f		تسدّي‎ (tsuddi)	تسدّ‎ (tsudd)
imperative	m		سدّ (sudd)				سدّوا‎ (suddu)
	f		سدّي‎ (suddi)

Etymology 2

From Arabic سَدّ‎ (sadd).

Noun

سد • (sadd) m (plural سدود‎ (sudūd))

1. dam

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

Noun

سد • (süd)

1. alternative form of سوت‎ (süt, “milk”)

Etymology 2

From Arabic سَدّ‎ (sadd).

Noun

سد • (sedd, set, südd, süt)

1. barrier, obstacle, obstruction, hurdle
2. dam, dike
3. (medicine) obturation, obliteration, abstruction; tamponnement
4. (military) terrace, a sort of cavalier which was carried to a great height in order to overlook and command the walls of a town, such as is constructed by means of mantelets which stand very high to cover from arrows

Descendants

• Turkish: set

References

• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680), “سد”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum, Vienna, columns 2570–2571

Persian

سد

Etymology 1

From Arabic سَدّ‎ (sadd).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [sadð]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [säd̪d̪]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [säd̪d̪]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [säd̪d̪]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [säd̪d̪̥]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [sæd̪d̪̥]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [säd̪d̪]

Readings
Classical reading?	saḏḏ
Dari reading?	sadd
Iranian reading?	sadd
Tajik reading?	sadd

Noun

Dari	بَند‎
Iranian Persian	سَدّ
Tajik	банд

سَدّ • (sadd) (plural سدها‎ (sadd-hâ))

1. dam, dike

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

سد • (sed)

1. (dialectal, Kazerun) ladder (climbing tool)