عرق

See also: غرف, عرف, غرق, ع ر ق, ع ر ف, and غ ر ق

ArabicEdit

Etymology 1Edit

From the root ع ر ق (ʿ-r-q).

VerbEdit

عَرِقَ • (ʿariqa) I, non-past يَعْرَقُ‎ (yaʿraqu)

to sweat, to perspire

ConjugationEdit

Conjugation of

عَرِقَ

(form-I sound, verbal noun عَرَق)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					عَرَق ʿaraq
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					عَارِق ʿāriq
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	عَرِقْتُ ʿariqtu	عَرِقْتَ ʿariqta	عَرِقَ ʿariqa	عَرِقْتُمَا ʿariqtumā	عَرِقَا ʿariqā	عَرِقْنَا ʿariqnā	عَرِقْتُمْ ʿariqtum	عَرِقُوا ʿariqū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	عَرِقْتُ ʿariqtu	عَرِقْتِ ʿariqti	عَرِقَتْ ʿariqat	عَرِقْتُمَا ʿariqtumā	عَرِقَتَا ʿariqatā	عَرِقْنَا ʿariqnā	عَرِقْتُنَّ ʿariqtunna	عَرِقْنَ ʿariqna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع	m	أَعْرَقُ ʾaʿraqu	تَعْرَقُ taʿraqu	يَعْرَقُ yaʿraqu	تَعْرَقَانِ taʿraqāni	يَعْرَقَانِ yaʿraqāni	نَعْرَقُ naʿraqu	تَعْرَقُونَ taʿraqūna	يَعْرَقُونَ yaʿraqūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع	f	أَعْرَقُ ʾaʿraqu	تَعْرَقِينَ taʿraqīna	تَعْرَقُ taʿraqu	تَعْرَقَانِ taʿraqāni	تَعْرَقَانِ taʿraqāni	نَعْرَقُ naʿraqu	تَعْرَقْنَ taʿraqna	يَعْرَقْنَ yaʿraqna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أَعْرَقَ ʾaʿraqa	تَعْرَقَ taʿraqa	يَعْرَقَ yaʿraqa	تَعْرَقَا taʿraqā	يَعْرَقَا yaʿraqā	نَعْرَقَ naʿraqa	تَعْرَقُوا taʿraqū	يَعْرَقُوا yaʿraqū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أَعْرَقَ ʾaʿraqa	تَعْرَقِي taʿraqī	تَعْرَقَ taʿraqa	تَعْرَقَا taʿraqā	تَعْرَقَا taʿraqā	نَعْرَقَ naʿraqa	تَعْرَقْنَ taʿraqna	يَعْرَقْنَ yaʿraqna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أَعْرَقْ ʾaʿraq	تَعْرَقْ taʿraq	يَعْرَقْ yaʿraq	تَعْرَقَا taʿraqā	يَعْرَقَا yaʿraqā	نَعْرَقْ naʿraq	تَعْرَقُوا taʿraqū	يَعْرَقُوا yaʿraqū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أَعْرَقْ ʾaʿraq	تَعْرَقِي taʿraqī	تَعْرَقْ taʿraq	تَعْرَقَا taʿraqā	تَعْرَقَا taʿraqā	نَعْرَقْ naʿraq	تَعْرَقْنَ taʿraqna	يَعْرَقْنَ yaʿraqna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		اِعْرَقْ iʿraq		اِعْرَقَا iʿraqā			اِعْرَقُوا iʿraqū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		اِعْرَقِي iʿraqī		اِعْرَقَا iʿraqā			اِعْرَقْنَ iʿraqna

Etymology 2Edit

VerbEdit

عَرَّقَ • (ʿarraqa) II, non-past يُعَرِّقُ‎ (yuʿarriqu)

to make sweat, to promote perspiration
to water down, to dilute (a drink)
to take root
to be deeply rooted
to vein, to marble

ConjugationEdit

Conjugation of

عَرَّقَ

(form-II sound)

active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر					تَعْرِيق taʿrīq
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل					مُعَرِّق muʿarriq
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول					مُعَرَّق muʿarraq
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	عَرَّقْتُ ʿarraqtu	عَرَّقْتَ ʿarraqta	عَرَّقَ ʿarraqa	عَرَّقْتُمَا ʿarraqtumā	عَرَّقَا ʿarraqā	عَرَّقْنَا ʿarraqnā	عَرَّقْتُمْ ʿarraqtum	عَرَّقُوا ʿarraqū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	عَرَّقْتُ ʿarraqtu	عَرَّقْتِ ʿarraqti	عَرَّقَتْ ʿarraqat	عَرَّقْتُمَا ʿarraqtumā	عَرَّقَتَا ʿarraqatā	عَرَّقْنَا ʿarraqnā	عَرَّقْتُنَّ ʿarraqtunna	عَرَّقْنَ ʿarraqna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع	m	أُعَرِّقُ ʾuʿarriqu	تُعَرِّقُ tuʿarriqu	يُعَرِّقُ yuʿarriqu	تُعَرِّقَانِ tuʿarriqāni	يُعَرِّقَانِ yuʿarriqāni	نُعَرِّقُ nuʿarriqu	تُعَرِّقُونَ tuʿarriqūna	يُعَرِّقُونَ yuʿarriqūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع	f	أُعَرِّقُ ʾuʿarriqu	تُعَرِّقِينَ tuʿarriqīna	تُعَرِّقُ tuʿarriqu	تُعَرِّقَانِ tuʿarriqāni	تُعَرِّقَانِ tuʿarriqāni	نُعَرِّقُ nuʿarriqu	تُعَرِّقْنَ tuʿarriqna	يُعَرِّقْنَ yuʿarriqna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُعَرِّقَ ʾuʿarriqa	تُعَرِّقَ tuʿarriqa	يُعَرِّقَ yuʿarriqa	تُعَرِّقَا tuʿarriqā	يُعَرِّقَا yuʿarriqā	نُعَرِّقَ nuʿarriqa	تُعَرِّقُوا tuʿarriqū	يُعَرِّقُوا yuʿarriqū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُعَرِّقَ ʾuʿarriqa	تُعَرِّقِي tuʿarriqī	تُعَرِّقَ tuʿarriqa	تُعَرِّقَا tuʿarriqā	تُعَرِّقَا tuʿarriqā	نُعَرِّقَ nuʿarriqa	تُعَرِّقْنَ tuʿarriqna	يُعَرِّقْنَ yuʿarriqna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُعَرِّقْ ʾuʿarriq	تُعَرِّقْ tuʿarriq	يُعَرِّقْ yuʿarriq	تُعَرِّقَا tuʿarriqā	يُعَرِّقَا yuʿarriqā	نُعَرِّقْ nuʿarriq	تُعَرِّقُوا tuʿarriqū	يُعَرِّقُوا yuʿarriqū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُعَرِّقْ ʾuʿarriq	تُعَرِّقِي tuʿarriqī	تُعَرِّقْ tuʿarriq	تُعَرِّقَا tuʿarriqā	تُعَرِّقَا tuʿarriqā	نُعَرِّقْ nuʿarriq	تُعَرِّقْنَ tuʿarriqna	يُعَرِّقْنَ yuʿarriqna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		عَرِّقْ ʿarriq		عَرِّقَا ʿarriqā			عَرِّقُوا ʿarriqū
imperative الْأَمْر	f		عَرِّقِي ʿarriqī		عَرِّقَا ʿarriqā			عَرِّقْنَ ʿarriqna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد			dual الْمُثَنَّى		plural الْجَمْع
		1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب	1^st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2^nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3^rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	عُرِّقْتُ ʿurriqtu	عُرِّقْتَ ʿurriqta	عُرِّقَ ʿurriqa	عُرِّقْتُمَا ʿurriqtumā	عُرِّقَا ʿurriqā	عُرِّقْنَا ʿurriqnā	عُرِّقْتُمْ ʿurriqtum	عُرِّقُوا ʿurriqū
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	f	عُرِّقْتُ ʿurriqtu	عُرِّقْتِ ʿurriqti	عُرِّقَتْ ʿurriqat	عُرِّقْتُمَا ʿurriqtumā	عُرِّقَتَا ʿurriqatā	عُرِّقْنَا ʿurriqnā	عُرِّقْتُنَّ ʿurriqtunna	عُرِّقْنَ ʿurriqna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع	m	أُعَرَّقُ ʾuʿarraqu	تُعَرَّقُ tuʿarraqu	يُعَرَّقُ yuʿarraqu	تُعَرَّقَانِ tuʿarraqāni	يُعَرَّقَانِ yuʿarraqāni	نُعَرَّقُ nuʿarraqu	تُعَرَّقُونَ tuʿarraqūna	يُعَرَّقُونَ yuʿarraqūna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع	f	أُعَرَّقُ ʾuʿarraqu	تُعَرَّقِينَ tuʿarraqīna	تُعَرَّقُ tuʿarraqu	تُعَرَّقَانِ tuʿarraqāni	تُعَرَّقَانِ tuʿarraqāni	نُعَرَّقُ nuʿarraqu	تُعَرَّقْنَ tuʿarraqna	يُعَرَّقْنَ yuʿarraqna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُعَرَّقَ ʾuʿarraqa	تُعَرَّقَ tuʿarraqa	يُعَرَّقَ yuʿarraqa	تُعَرَّقَا tuʿarraqā	يُعَرَّقَا yuʿarraqā	نُعَرَّقَ nuʿarraqa	تُعَرَّقُوا tuʿarraqū	يُعَرَّقُوا yuʿarraqū
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	f	أُعَرَّقَ ʾuʿarraqa	تُعَرَّقِي tuʿarraqī	تُعَرَّقَ tuʿarraqa	تُعَرَّقَا tuʿarraqā	تُعَرَّقَا tuʿarraqā	نُعَرَّقَ nuʿarraqa	تُعَرَّقْنَ tuʿarraqna	يُعَرَّقْنَ yuʿarraqna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُعَرَّقْ ʾuʿarraq	تُعَرَّقْ tuʿarraq	يُعَرَّقْ yuʿarraq	تُعَرَّقَا tuʿarraqā	يُعَرَّقَا yuʿarraqā	نُعَرَّقْ nuʿarraq	تُعَرَّقُوا tuʿarraqū	يُعَرَّقُوا yuʿarraqū
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	f	أُعَرَّقْ ʾuʿarraq	تُعَرَّقِي tuʿarraqī	تُعَرَّقْ tuʿarraq	تُعَرَّقَا tuʿarraqā	تُعَرَّقَا tuʿarraqā	نُعَرَّقْ nuʿarraq	تُعَرَّقْنَ tuʿarraqna	يُعَرَّقْنَ yuʿarraqna

Etymology 3Edit

NounEdit

عَرَق • (ʿaraq) m

verbal noun of عَرِقَ (ʿariqa) (form I)
sweat, perspiration
arrack (a clear raisin liquor that turns cloudy when water is added)

DeclensionEdit

Declension of noun عَرَق (ʿaraq)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	عَرَق ʿaraq	الْعَرَق al-ʿaraq	عَرَق ʿaraq
Nominative	عَرَقٌ ʿaraqun	الْعَرَقُ al-ʿaraqu	عَرَقُ ʿaraqu
Accusative	عَرَقًا ʿaraqan	الْعَرَقَ al-ʿaraqa	عَرَقَ ʿaraqa
Genitive	عَرَقٍ ʿaraqin	الْعَرَقِ al-ʿaraqi	عَرَقِ ʿaraqi

DescendantsEdit

Burmese: အရက် (a.rak)
English: arak, arrack
Georgian: არაყი (araq̇i)
Hebrew: עַרַק ('arák)
Malay: arak (“beer”)
Persian: عرق ('araq)
- Middle Armenian: արաղ (arał)
  - Armenian: արաղ (arał)
Indonesian: arak (“rice wine”)
Russian: ара́к (arák)
Tajik: арақ (araq)
Tibetan: ཨ་རག (a rag)
Turkic:
- Azeri: araq
- Bashkir: араҡы (araqï)
- Kazakh: арақ (araq)
- Ottoman Turkish:
  - Turkish: rakı
  - → Albanian: raki
  - → Bulgarian: ракия (rakija)
  - → English: raki
  - → Greek: ρακή (rakí), ρακί (rakí)
  - → Ladino: ראקי
  - → Macedonian: ракија (rakija)
  - → Romanian: rachiu
  - → Serbo-Croatian: ра̀кија, ràkija
- Tatar: аракы (araqı)
- Turkmen: arak
- Uzbek: aroq
Mongolic^[1]:
- Daur: argw
- Mongolian: архи (arhi)
Tungusic^[2]:
- Evenki: аракӣ (arakī)
- Nanai: араки
- → Nivkh: арак (arak)

Etymology 4Edit

NounEdit

عِرْق • (ʿirq) m (plural عُرُوق (ʿurūq) or أَعْراق (ʾaʿrāq))

plant stem, leaf stem
vein
hereditary disposition
race, stock, descent

DeclensionEdit

Declension of noun عِرْق (ʿirq)

Singular	basic singular triptote
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	عِرْق ʿirq	الْعِرْق al-ʿirq	عِرْق ʿirq
Nominative	عِرْقٌ ʿirqun	الْعِرْقُ al-ʿirqu	عِرْقُ ʿirqu
Accusative	عِرْقًا ʿirqan	الْعِرْقَ al-ʿirqa	عِرْقَ ʿirqa
Genitive	عِرْقٍ ʿirqin	الْعِرْقِ al-ʿirqi	عِرْقِ ʿirqi
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	عِرْقَيْن ʿirqayn	الْعِرْقَيْن al-ʿirqayn	عِرْقَيْ ʿirqay
Nominative	عِرْقَانِ ʿirqāni	الْعِرْقَانِ al-ʿirqāni	عِرْقَا ʿirqā
Accusative	عِرْقَيْنِ ʿirqayni	الْعِرْقَيْنِ al-ʿirqayni	عِرْقَيْ ʿirqay
Genitive	عِرْقَيْنِ ʿirqayni	الْعِرْقَيْنِ al-ʿirqayni	عِرْقَيْ ʿirqay
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	عُرُوق ʿurūq	الْعُرُوق al-ʿurūq	عُرُوق ʿurūq
Nominative	عُرُوقٌ ʿurūqun	الْعُرُوقُ al-ʿurūqu	عُرُوقُ ʿurūqu
Accusative	عُرُوقًا ʿurūqan	الْعُرُوقَ al-ʿurūqa	عُرُوقَ ʿurūqa
Genitive	عُرُوقٍ ʿurūqin	الْعُرُوقِ al-ʿurūqi	عُرُوقِ ʿurūqi

Related termsEdit

الْعِرَاق (al-ʿirāq)

ReferencesEdit

^ Nugteren, Hans (2011) Mongolic phonology and the Qinghai-Gansu languages (dissertation)^[1], Utrecht: LOT, page 271
^ Cincius, V. I. (1975) Sravnitelʹnyj slovarʹ tunguso-manʹčžurskix jazykov: Materialy k etimologičeskomu slovarju [Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages: Materials for an etymological dictionary] (in Russian), volume 1, Leningrad: Nauka, page 48