Wiktionary

عشق

ArabicEdit

EtymologyEdit

From the root ع ش ق‎ (ʿ-š-q).

NounEdit

عِشْق • (ʿišq) m

  1. verbal noun of عَشِقَ (ʿašiqa) (form I)
  2. being in love; romantic love (particularly when very strong, excessive, or crazy)
    • 10th century, Al-Mutanabbi, ديوان أبي الطيب المتنبي, volume 2:
      ‏لِعَيْنَيْكِ مَا يَلْقَى ٱلْفُؤَادُ وَمَا لَقِي / وَلِلْحُبِّ مَا لَمْ يَبْقَ مِنِّي وَمَا بَقِي / وَمَا كُنْتُ مِِمَّنْ يَدْخُلُ ٱلْعِشْقُ قَلْبَهُ / وَلَٰكِنَّ مَنْ يُبْصِرْ جُفُونَكِ يَعْشَقِ‎
      liʿaynayki mā yalqā l-fuʾādu wamā laqī / walilḥubbi mā lam yabqa minnī wamā baqī / wamā kuntu miimman yadḵulu l-ʿišqu qalbahu / walākinna man yubṣir jufūnaki yaʿšaqi
      (please add an English translation of this quote)
  3. passion

DeclensionEdit

Declension of noun عِشْق (ʿišq)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal عِشْق
ʿišq 		الْعِشْق‎
al-ʿišq 		عِشْق
ʿišq
Nominative عِشْقٌ
ʿišqun 		الْعِشْقُ‎
al-ʿišqu 		عِشْقُ
ʿišqu
Accusative عِشْقًا‎
ʿišqan 		الْعِشْقَ‎
al-ʿišqa 		عِشْقَ
ʿišqa
Genitive عِشْقٍ
ʿišqin 		الْعِشْقِ‎
al-ʿišqi 		عِشْقِ
ʿišqi

DescendantsEdit

  • Maltese: għaxqa
  • → Persian: عشق‎
  • → Azerbaijani: eşq
  • → Turkish: aşk
  • → Uzbek: ishq

VerbEdit

عَشِقَ • (ʿašiqa) I, non-past يَعْشَقُ‎‎ (yaʿšaqu)

  1. to fall in love; to love excessively; to adore
    • 10th century, Al-Mutanabbi, ديوان أبي الطيب المتنبي, volume 2:
      ‏لِعَيْنَيْكِ مَا يَلْقَى ٱلْفُؤَادُ وَمَا لَقِي / وَلِلْحُبِّ مَا لَمْ يَبْقَ مِنِّي وَمَا بَقِي / وَمَا كُنْتُ مِِمَّنْ يَدْخُلُ ٱلْعِشْقُ قَلْبَهُ / وَلَٰكِنَّ مَنْ يُبْصِرْ جُفُونَكِ يَعْشَقِ‎‎
      liʿaynayki mā yalqā l-fuʾādu wamā laqī / walilḥubbi mā lam yabqa minnī wamā baqī / wamā kuntu miimman yadḵulu l-ʿišqu qalbahu / walākinna man yubṣir jufūnaki yaʿšaqi
      (please add an English translation of this quote)

ConjugationEdit

Conjugation of
عَشِقَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun عِشْق)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
عِشْق

ʿišq
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
ʿāšiq
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
maʿšūq
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
ʿašiqtu
ʿašiqta
عَشِقَ

ʿašiqa
ʿašiqtumā
ʿašiqā
ʿašiqnā
ʿašiqtum
ʿašiqū
f
ʿašiqti
ʿašiqat
ʿašiqatā
ʿašiqtunna
ʿašiqna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع 		m
ʾaʿšaqu
taʿšaqu
yaʿšaqu
taʿšaqāni
yaʿšaqāni
naʿšaqu
taʿšaqūna
yaʿšaqūna
f
taʿšaqīna
taʿšaqu
taʿšaqāni
taʿšaqna
yaʿšaqna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʾaʿšaqa
taʿšaqa
yaʿšaqa
taʿšaqā
yaʿšaqā
naʿšaqa
taʿšaqū
yaʿšaqū
f
taʿšaqī
taʿšaqa
taʿšaqā
taʿšaqna
yaʿšaqna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʾaʿšaq
taʿšaq
yaʿšaq
taʿšaqā
yaʿšaqā
naʿšaq
taʿšaqū
yaʿšaqū
f
taʿšaqī
taʿšaq
taʿšaqā
taʿšaqna
yaʿšaqna
imperative
الْأَمْر 		m
iʿšaq
iʿšaqā
iʿšaqū
f
iʿšaqī
iʿšaqna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
ʿušiqtu
ʿušiqta
عُشِقَ

ʿušiqa
ʿušiqtumā
ʿušiqā
ʿušiqnā
ʿušiqtum
ʿušiqū
f
ʿušiqti
ʿušiqat
ʿušiqatā
ʿušiqtunna
ʿušiqna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع 		m
ʾuʿšaqu
tuʿšaqu
yuʿšaqu
tuʿšaqāni
yuʿšaqāni
nuʿšaqu
tuʿšaqūna
yuʿšaqūna
f
tuʿšaqīna
tuʿšaqu
tuʿšaqāni
tuʿšaqna
yuʿšaqna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʾuʿšaqa
tuʿšaqa
yuʿšaqa
tuʿšaqā
yuʿšaqā
nuʿšaqa
tuʿšaqū
yuʿšaqū
f
tuʿšaqī
tuʿšaqa
tuʿšaqā
tuʿšaqna
yuʿšaqna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʾuʿšaq
tuʿšaq
yuʿšaq
tuʿšaqā
yuʿšaqā
nuʿšaq
tuʿšaqū
yuʿšaqū
f
tuʿšaqī
tuʿšaq
tuʿšaqā
tuʿšaqna
yuʿšaqna

VerbEdit

عَشَّقَ • (ʿaššaqa) II, non-past يُعَشِّقُ‎‎ (yuʿaššiqu)

  1. to join
  2. to connect

ConjugationEdit

Conjugation of
عَشَّقَ
(form-II sound)
verbal noun
الْمَصْدَر
taʿšīq
active participle
اِسْم الْفَاعِل
muʿaššiq
passive participle
اِسْم الْمَفْعُول
muʿaššaq
active voice
الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
ʿaššaqtu
ʿaššaqta
عَشَّقَ

ʿaššaqa
ʿaššaqtumā
ʿaššaqā
ʿaššaqnā
ʿaššaqtum
ʿaššaqū
f
ʿaššaqti
ʿaššaqat
ʿaššaqatā
ʿaššaqtunna
ʿaššaqna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع 		m
ʾuʿaššiqu
tuʿaššiqu
yuʿaššiqu
tuʿaššiqāni
yuʿaššiqāni
nuʿaššiqu
tuʿaššiqūna
yuʿaššiqūna
f
tuʿaššiqīna
tuʿaššiqu
tuʿaššiqāni
tuʿaššiqna
yuʿaššiqna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʾuʿaššiqa
tuʿaššiqa
yuʿaššiqa
tuʿaššiqā
yuʿaššiqā
nuʿaššiqa
tuʿaššiqū
yuʿaššiqū
f
tuʿaššiqī
tuʿaššiqa
tuʿaššiqā
tuʿaššiqna
yuʿaššiqna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʾuʿaššiq
tuʿaššiq
yuʿaššiq
tuʿaššiqā
yuʿaššiqā
nuʿaššiq
tuʿaššiqū
yuʿaššiqū
f
tuʿaššiqī
tuʿaššiq
tuʿaššiqā
tuʿaššiqna
yuʿaššiqna
imperative
الْأَمْر 		m
عَشِّقْ

ʿaššiq
ʿaššiqā
ʿaššiqū
f
ʿaššiqī
ʿaššiqna
passive voice
الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
singular
الْمُفْرَد 		dual
الْمُثَنَّى 		plural
الْجَمْع
1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب 		1st person
الْمُتَكَلِّم 		2nd person
الْمُخَاطَب 		3rd person
الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative
الْمَاضِي 		m
ʿuššiqtu
ʿuššiqta
عُشِّقَ

ʿuššiqa
ʿuššiqtumā
ʿuššiqā
ʿuššiqnā
ʿuššiqtum
ʿuššiqū
f
ʿuššiqti
ʿuššiqat
ʿuššiqatā
ʿuššiqtunna
ʿuššiqna
non-past (imperfect) indicative
الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع 		m
ʾuʿaššaqu
tuʿaššaqu
yuʿaššaqu
tuʿaššaqāni
yuʿaššaqāni
nuʿaššaqu
tuʿaššaqūna
yuʿaššaqūna
f
tuʿaššaqīna
tuʿaššaqu
tuʿaššaqāni
tuʿaššaqna
yuʿaššaqna
subjunctive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب 		m
ʾuʿaššaqa
tuʿaššaqa
yuʿaššaqa
tuʿaššaqā
yuʿaššaqā
nuʿaššaqa
tuʿaššaqū
yuʿaššaqū
f
tuʿaššaqī
tuʿaššaqa
tuʿaššaqā
tuʿaššaqna
yuʿaššaqna
jussive
الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم 		m
ʾuʿaššaq
tuʿaššaq
yuʿaššaq
tuʿaššaqā
yuʿaššaqā
nuʿaššaq
tuʿaššaqū
yuʿaššaqū
f
tuʿaššaqī
tuʿaššaq
tuʿaššaqā
tuʿaššaqna
yuʿaššaqna

PersianEdit

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Arabic عِشْق‎ (ʿišq, “love, passion”).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

Dari عشق
Iranian Persian
Tajik ишқ (išq)

عشق • ('ešq) (plural عشق‌ها‎ ('ešq-hâ))

  1. love (romantic emotion); passion
    ‏درد عشق‎ ― dard-e 'ešq ― pain of love
    • late 14th century, Xāja Shams-ud-Dīn Moḥammad Ḥāfeẓ-e Shīrāzī, “اگر آن ترک شیرازی به دست آرد دل ما را‎ (Shirazi Turk)”, in دیوان حافظ‎ [Divān of Ḥāfeẓ]:
      ‏ز عشق ناتمام ما جمال یار مستغنی است‎
      ze 'ešq-e nâtamâm-e mâ jamâl-e yâr mostağni ast
      Of my imperfect love the glory of the beloved is independent
    • c. 1650, Čandra Bhān, دیوان برهمن [The Brahman's divan]:
      ‏چو درد عشق رسد خواهش دوا کفر است‎
      čo dard-e 'ešq rasad xâheš-e davâ kofr ast
      When the pain of love arrives, the desire for medicine is infidelity
    • 1915, محمود طرزی‎ (Mahmud Tarzi), Wali Ahmadi (Modern Persian Literature in Afghanistan), transl., پراکنده: مجموعه اشعار [Collection of Scatted Poems], Kabul: 'Ināyat Press:
      ‏هر کس که دل به عشق وطن کرد مبتلا، ايمان و عقل و دين نشود هيچ از و جدا.‎‎
      har kas ke del be 'ešq-e vatan kard mobtalâ, imân o 'aql o din na-šavad hič az u jodâ.
      That one who is ever consumed by love for his homeland: faith, reason, and belief shall never abandon him.
  2. one's love, the beloved
    ‏عشق من‎ ― 'ešq-e man ― my love

Usage notesEdit

  • Unlike the Arabic word, Persian عشق does not have an overtone of “excessive” or “crazy love”.

Derived termsEdit

(others)

South Levantine ArabicEdit

Root
ع ش ق‎

Etymology 1Edit

From Arabic عَشِقَ‎ (ʿašiqa).

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): (Urban) /ʕi.ʃiʔ/, [ˈʕi.ʃɪʔ]
  • IPA(key): (Bedouin) /ʕi.ʃiɡ/, [ˈʕi.ʃɪɡ]
  • Audio (al-Lidd)(file)

VerbEdit

عشق • (ʕišiʔ) (form I, present بعشق‎ (biʕšaʔ))

  1. to fall in love
    Synonym: وقع بغرام‎ (wiʔiʕ bi-ḡarām)
  2. (of fabric) to absorb a smell
ConjugationEdit
    Conjugation of غشق (ʕišiʔ)
singular plural
1st person 2nd person 3rd person 1st person 2nd person 3rd person
past m غشقت (ʕšiʔt) غشقت (ʕšiʔt) غشق (ʕišiʔ) غشقنا (ʕšiʔna) غشقتو (ʕšiʔtu) غشقو (ʕišʔu)
f غشقتي (ʕšiʔti) غشقت (ʕišʔat)
present m بغشق (baʕšaʔ) بتغشق (btiʕšaʔ) بغشق (biʕšaʔ) منغشق (mniʕšaʔ) بتغشقو (btiʕšaʔu) بغشقو (biʕšaʔu)
f بتغشقي (btiʕšaʔi) بتغشق (btiʕšaʔ)
subjunctive m أغشق (ʔaʕšaʔ) تغشق (tiʕšaʔ) يغشق (yiʕšaʔ) نغشق (niʕšaʔ) تغشقو (tiʕšaʔu) يغشقو (yiʕšaʔu)
f تغشقي (tiʕšaʔi) تغشق (tiʕšaʔ)
imperative m اغشق (iʕšaʔ) اغشقو (iʕšaʔu)
f اغشقي (iʕšaʔi)

Etymology 2Edit

Learned borrowing from Arabic عِشْق‎ (ʿišq).

PronunciationEdit

  • IPA(key): /ʕiʃq/, [ʕɪʃq]
  • Audio (Ramallah)(file)

NounEdit

عشق • (ʕišq) m

  1. love, passion, infatuation
    Synonym: غرام‎ (ḡarām)
See alsoEdit
  • حبّ‎ (ḥabb, “love”), محبّة‎ (maḥabbe, “love, affection”)

UrduEdit

 
Urdu Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ur

EtymologyEdit

Borrowed from Classical Persian عشق‎ ('ešq), from Arabic عِشْق‎ (ʿišq, “love, passion”).

PronunciationEdit

NounEdit

عِشْق • (‘iśq) m (Hindi spelling इश्क़)

  1. love
    ‏تیرے عشق میں ہم نے کیا کیا نہ دیکھا؟‎‎
    tere iśq mẽ ham ne kyā kyā na dekhā?
    What did I not see in your love?
    Synonyms: پیار‎ (pyār), محبت‎ (muḥabbat), پریم‎ (prem)
  2. (figuratively) passion
    Synonym: جذبہ‎ (jazba)

DeclensionEdit

Declension of عشق
singular plural
direct عشق‎ (‘iśq) عشق‎ (‘iśq)
oblique عشق‎ (‘iśq) عشقوں‎ (‘iśqō̃)
vocative عشق‎ (‘iśq) عشقو‎ (‘iśqō)

ReferencesEdit

  • “عشق”, in اُردُو لُغَت (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • “عشق”, in Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2022.
Retrieved from "https://en.wiktionary.org/w/index.php?title=عشق&oldid=66169147"