عشق
ArabicEdit
EtymologyEdit
From the root ع ش ق (ʿ-š-q).
NounEdit
عِشْق • (ʿišq) m
- verbal noun of عَشِقَ (ʿašiqa) (form I)
- being in love; romantic love (particularly when very strong, excessive, or crazy)
- 10th century, Al-Mutanabbi, ديوان أبي الطيب المتنبي, volume 2:
- لِعَيْنَيْكِ مَا يَلْقَى ٱلْفُؤَادُ وَمَا لَقِي / وَلِلْحُبِّ مَا لَمْ يَبْقَ مِنِّي وَمَا بَقِي / وَمَا كُنْتُ مِِمَّنْ يَدْخُلُ ٱلْعِشْقُ قَلْبَهُ / وَلَٰكِنَّ مَنْ يُبْصِرْ جُفُونَكِ يَعْشَقِ
- liʿaynayki mā yalqā l-fuʾādu wamā laqī / walilḥubbi mā lam yabqa minnī wamā baqī / wamā kuntu miimman yadḵulu l-ʿišqu qalbahu / walākinna man yubṣir jufūnaki yaʿšaqi
- (please add an English translation of this quote)
- passion
DeclensionEdit
Declension of noun عِشْق (ʿišq)
DescendantsEdit
VerbEdit
عَشِقَ • (ʿašiqa) I, non-past يَعْشَقُ (yaʿšaqu)
- to fall in love; to love excessively; to adore
- 10th century, Al-Mutanabbi, ديوان أبي الطيب المتنبي, volume 2:
- لِعَيْنَيْكِ مَا يَلْقَى ٱلْفُؤَادُ وَمَا لَقِي / وَلِلْحُبِّ مَا لَمْ يَبْقَ مِنِّي وَمَا بَقِي / وَمَا كُنْتُ مِِمَّنْ يَدْخُلُ ٱلْعِشْقُ قَلْبَهُ / وَلَٰكِنَّ مَنْ يُبْصِرْ جُفُونَكِ يَعْشَقِ
- liʿaynayki mā yalqā l-fuʾādu wamā laqī / walilḥubbi mā lam yabqa minnī wamā baqī / wamā kuntu miimman yadḵulu l-ʿišqu qalbahu / walākinna man yubṣir jufūnaki yaʿšaqi
- (please add an English translation of this quote)
ConjugationEdit
Conjugation of
عَشِقَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun عِشْق)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
عِشْق ʿišq | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
ʿāšiq | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
maʿšūq | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʿašiqtu |
ʿašiqta |
عَشِقَ ʿašiqa |
ʿašiqtumā |
ʿašiqā |
ʿašiqnā |
ʿašiqtum |
ʿašiqū | |||
f | ʿašiqti |
ʿašiqat |
ʿašiqatā |
ʿašiqtunna |
ʿašiqna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʾaʿšaqu |
taʿšaqu |
yaʿšaqu |
taʿšaqāni |
yaʿšaqāni |
naʿšaqu |
taʿšaqūna |
yaʿšaqūna | |||
f | taʿšaqīna |
taʿšaqu |
taʿšaqāni |
taʿšaqna |
yaʿšaqna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʾaʿšaqa |
taʿšaqa |
yaʿšaqa |
taʿšaqā |
yaʿšaqā |
naʿšaqa |
taʿšaqū |
yaʿšaqū | |||
f | taʿšaqī |
taʿšaqa |
taʿšaqā |
taʿšaqna |
yaʿšaqna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʾaʿšaq |
taʿšaq |
yaʿšaq |
taʿšaqā |
yaʿšaqā |
naʿšaq |
taʿšaqū |
yaʿšaqū | |||
f | taʿšaqī |
taʿšaq |
taʿšaqā |
taʿšaqna |
yaʿšaqna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | iʿšaq |
iʿšaqā |
iʿšaqū |
||||||||
f | iʿšaqī |
iʿšaqna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʿušiqtu |
ʿušiqta |
عُشِقَ ʿušiqa |
ʿušiqtumā |
ʿušiqā |
ʿušiqnā |
ʿušiqtum |
ʿušiqū | |||
f | ʿušiqti |
ʿušiqat |
ʿušiqatā |
ʿušiqtunna |
ʿušiqna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʾuʿšaqu |
tuʿšaqu |
yuʿšaqu |
tuʿšaqāni |
yuʿšaqāni |
nuʿšaqu |
tuʿšaqūna |
yuʿšaqūna | |||
f | tuʿšaqīna |
tuʿšaqu |
tuʿšaqāni |
tuʿšaqna |
yuʿšaqna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʾuʿšaqa |
tuʿšaqa |
yuʿšaqa |
tuʿšaqā |
yuʿšaqā |
nuʿšaqa |
tuʿšaqū |
yuʿšaqū | |||
f | tuʿšaqī |
tuʿšaqa |
tuʿšaqā |
tuʿšaqna |
yuʿšaqna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʾuʿšaq |
tuʿšaq |
yuʿšaq |
tuʿšaqā |
yuʿšaqā |
nuʿšaq |
tuʿšaqū |
yuʿšaqū | |||
f | tuʿšaqī |
tuʿšaq |
tuʿšaqā |
tuʿšaqna |
yuʿšaqna |
VerbEdit
عَشَّقَ • (ʿaššaqa) II, non-past يُعَشِّقُ (yuʿaššiqu)
ConjugationEdit
Conjugation of
عَشَّقَ
(form-II sound)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
taʿšīq | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
muʿaššiq | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
muʿaššaq | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʿaššaqtu |
ʿaššaqta |
عَشَّقَ ʿaššaqa |
ʿaššaqtumā |
ʿaššaqā |
ʿaššaqnā |
ʿaššaqtum |
ʿaššaqū | |||
f | ʿaššaqti |
ʿaššaqat |
ʿaššaqatā |
ʿaššaqtunna |
ʿaššaqna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʾuʿaššiqu |
tuʿaššiqu |
yuʿaššiqu |
tuʿaššiqāni |
yuʿaššiqāni |
nuʿaššiqu |
tuʿaššiqūna |
yuʿaššiqūna | |||
f | tuʿaššiqīna |
tuʿaššiqu |
tuʿaššiqāni |
tuʿaššiqna |
yuʿaššiqna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʾuʿaššiqa |
tuʿaššiqa |
yuʿaššiqa |
tuʿaššiqā |
yuʿaššiqā |
nuʿaššiqa |
tuʿaššiqū |
yuʿaššiqū | |||
f | tuʿaššiqī |
tuʿaššiqa |
tuʿaššiqā |
tuʿaššiqna |
yuʿaššiqna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʾuʿaššiq |
tuʿaššiq |
yuʿaššiq |
tuʿaššiqā |
yuʿaššiqā |
nuʿaššiq |
tuʿaššiqū |
yuʿaššiqū | |||
f | tuʿaššiqī |
tuʿaššiq |
tuʿaššiqā |
tuʿaššiqna |
yuʿaššiqna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | عَشِّقْ ʿaššiq |
ʿaššiqā |
ʿaššiqū |
||||||||
f | ʿaššiqī |
ʿaššiqna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | ʿuššiqtu |
ʿuššiqta |
عُشِّقَ ʿuššiqa |
ʿuššiqtumā |
ʿuššiqā |
ʿuššiqnā |
ʿuššiqtum |
ʿuššiqū | |||
f | ʿuššiqti |
ʿuššiqat |
ʿuššiqatā |
ʿuššiqtunna |
ʿuššiqna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʾuʿaššaqu |
tuʿaššaqu |
yuʿaššaqu |
tuʿaššaqāni |
yuʿaššaqāni |
nuʿaššaqu |
tuʿaššaqūna |
yuʿaššaqūna | |||
f | tuʿaššaqīna |
tuʿaššaqu |
tuʿaššaqāni |
tuʿaššaqna |
yuʿaššaqna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʾuʿaššaqa |
tuʿaššaqa |
yuʿaššaqa |
tuʿaššaqā |
yuʿaššaqā |
nuʿaššaqa |
tuʿaššaqū |
yuʿaššaqū | |||
f | tuʿaššaqī |
tuʿaššaqa |
tuʿaššaqā |
tuʿaššaqna |
yuʿaššaqna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʾuʿaššaq |
tuʿaššaq |
yuʿaššaq |
tuʿaššaqā |
yuʿaššaqā |
nuʿaššaq |
tuʿaššaqū |
yuʿaššaqū | |||
f | tuʿaššaqī |
tuʿaššaq |
tuʿaššaqā |
tuʿaššaqna |
yuʿaššaqna |
PersianEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Arabic عِشْق (ʿišq, “love, passion”).
PronunciationEdit
- (Classical Persian): IPA(key): /iʃq/
NounEdit
Dari | عشق |
---|---|
Iranian Persian | |
Tajik | ишқ (išq) |
عشق • ('ešq) (plural عشقها ('ešq-hâ))
- love (romantic emotion); passion
- درد عشق ― dard-e 'ešq ― pain of love
- late 14th century, Xāja Shams-ud-Dīn Moḥammad Ḥāfeẓ-e Shīrāzī, “اگر آن ترک شیرازی به دست آرد دل ما را (Shirazi Turk)”, in دیوان حافظ [Divān of Ḥāfeẓ]:
- ز عشق ناتمام ما جمال یار مستغنی است
- ze 'ešq-e nâtamâm-e mâ jamâl-e yâr mostağni ast
- Of my imperfect love the glory of the beloved is independent
- 1915, محمود طرزی (Mahmud Tarzi), Wali Ahmadi (Modern Persian Literature in Afghanistan), transl., پراکنده: مجموعه اشعار [Collection of Scatted Poems], Kabul: 'Ināyat Press:
- هر کس که دل به عشق وطن کرد مبتلا، ايمان و عقل و دين نشود هيچ از و جدا.
- har kas ke del be 'ešq-e vatan kard mobtalâ, imân o 'aql o din na-šavad hič az u jodâ.
- That one who is ever consumed by love for his homeland: faith, reason, and belief shall never abandon him.
- one's love, the beloved
- عشق من ― 'ešq-e man ― my love
Usage notesEdit
- Unlike the Arabic word, Persian عشق does not have an overtone of “excessive” or “crazy love”.
Derived termsEdit
- عشقی ('ešqi)
(others)
South Levantine ArabicEdit
Root |
---|
ع ش ق |
Etymology 1Edit
PronunciationEdit
VerbEdit
عشق • (ʕišiʔ) (form I, present بعشق (biʕšaʔ))
ConjugationEdit
Conjugation of غشق (ʕišiʔ) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
singular | plural | |||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | |||
past | m | غشقت (ʕšiʔt) | غشقت (ʕšiʔt) | غشق (ʕišiʔ) | غشقنا (ʕšiʔna) | غشقتو (ʕšiʔtu) | غشقو (ʕišʔu) | |
f | غشقتي (ʕšiʔti) | غشقت (ʕišʔat) | ||||||
present | m | بغشق (baʕšaʔ) | بتغشق (btiʕšaʔ) | بغشق (biʕšaʔ) | منغشق (mniʕšaʔ) | بتغشقو (btiʕšaʔu) | بغشقو (biʕšaʔu) | |
f | بتغشقي (btiʕšaʔi) | بتغشق (btiʕšaʔ) | ||||||
subjunctive | m | أغشق (ʔaʕšaʔ) | تغشق (tiʕšaʔ) | يغشق (yiʕšaʔ) | نغشق (niʕšaʔ) | تغشقو (tiʕšaʔu) | يغشقو (yiʕšaʔu) | |
f | تغشقي (tiʕšaʔi) | تغشق (tiʕšaʔ) | ||||||
imperative | m | اغشق (iʕšaʔ) | اغشقو (iʕšaʔu) | |||||
f | اغشقي (iʕšaʔi) |
Etymology 2Edit
Learned borrowing from Arabic عِشْق (ʿišq).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
عشق • (ʕišq) m
- love, passion, infatuation
- Synonym: غرام (ḡarām)
See alsoEdit
UrduEdit
EtymologyEdit
Borrowed from Classical Persian عشق ('ešq), from Arabic عِشْق (ʿišq, “love, passion”).
PronunciationEdit
- (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /(ʔ)ɪʃq/
- Rhymes: -ɪʃq
NounEdit
عِشْق • (‘iśq) m (Hindi spelling इश्क़)
- love
- (figuratively) passion
- Synonym: جذبہ (jazba)
DeclensionEdit
Declension of عشق | ||
---|---|---|
singular | plural | |
direct | عشق (‘iśq) | عشق (‘iśq) |
oblique | عشق (‘iśq) | عشقوں (‘iśqō̃) |
vocative | عشق (‘iśq) | عشقو (‘iśqō) |