كحل
ArabicEdit
EtymologyEdit
The noun كُحْل (kuḥl) is borrowed from Aramaic כוחלא / ܟܘܚܠܐ (kuḥlā), from Akkadian 𒉌𒌓𒋆𒁉𒍣𒁕 (/guḫlu/, “antimony, stibium”). Everything else of this root ك ح ل (k-ḥ-l) is denominal.
NounEdit
كُحْل • (kuḥl) m (plural أَكْحَال (ʾakḥāl))
DeclensionEdit
Declension of noun كُحْل (kuḥl)
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | كُحْل kuḥl |
الْكُحْل al-kuḥl |
كُحْل kuḥl |
Nominative | كُحْلٌ kuḥlun |
الْكُحْلُ al-kuḥlu |
كُحْلُ kuḥlu |
Accusative | كُحْلًا kuḥlan |
الْكُحْلَ al-kuḥla |
كُحْلَ kuḥla |
Genitive | كُحْلٍ kuḥlin |
الْكُحْلِ al-kuḥli |
كُحْلِ kuḥli |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | كُحْلَيْن kuḥlayn |
الْكُحْلَيْن al-kuḥlayn |
كُحْلَيْ kuḥlay |
Nominative | كُحْلَانِ kuḥlāni |
الْكُحْلَانِ al-kuḥlāni |
كُحْلَا kuḥlā |
Accusative | كُحْلَيْنِ kuḥlayni |
الْكُحْلَيْنِ al-kuḥlayni |
كُحْلَيْ kuḥlay |
Genitive | كُحْلَيْنِ kuḥlayni |
الْكُحْلَيْنِ al-kuḥlayni |
كُحْلَيْ kuḥlay |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَكْحَال ʾakḥāl |
الْأَكْحَال al-ʾakḥāl |
أَكْحَال ʾakḥāl |
Nominative | أَكْحَالٌ ʾakḥālun |
الْأَكْحَالُ al-ʾakḥālu |
أَكْحَالُ ʾakḥālu |
Accusative | أَكْحَالًا ʾakḥālan |
الْأَكْحَالَ al-ʾakḥāla |
أَكْحَالَ ʾakḥāla |
Genitive | أَكْحَالٍ ʾakḥālin |
الْأَكْحَالِ al-ʾakḥāli |
أَكْحَالِ ʾakḥāli |
Derived termsEdit
- كُحْلِيّ (kuḥliyy)
DescendantsEdit
- → English: kohl
- → Ge'ez: ኵሕል (kʷəḥəl)
- → Kurdish:
- → Medieval Latin: alcohol (see there for further descendants)
- → Persian: کحل (kohl)
VerbEdit
كَحَلَ • (kaḥala) I, non-past يَكْحُلُ or يَكْحَلُ (yakḥulu or yakḥalu)
ConjugationEdit
Conjugation of
كَحُلَ or كَحَلَ
(form-I sound, verbal noun كَحْل)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
كَحْل kaḥl | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
kāḥil | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
makḥūl | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | kaḥultu or kaḥaltu |
kaḥulta or kaḥalta |
كَحُلَ or كَحَلَ kaḥula or kaḥala |
كَحُلْتُمَا or كَحَلْتُمَا kaḥultumā or kaḥaltumā |
kaḥulā or kaḥalā |
kaḥulnā or kaḥalnā |
كَحُلْتُمْ or كَحَلْتُمْ kaḥultum or kaḥaltum |
kaḥulū or kaḥalū | |||
f | kaḥulti or kaḥalti |
kaḥulat or kaḥalat |
kaḥulatā or kaḥalatā |
كَحُلْتُنَّ or كَحَلْتُنَّ kaḥultunna or kaḥaltunna |
kaḥulna or kaḥalna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع |
m | ʾakḥulu or ʾakḥalu |
takḥulu or takḥalu |
yakḥulu or yakḥalu |
تَكْحُلَانِ or تَكْحَلَانِ takḥulāni or takḥalāni |
يَكْحُلَانِ or يَكْحَلَانِ yakḥulāni or yakḥalāni |
nakḥulu or nakḥalu |
تَكْحُلُونَ or تَكْحَلُونَ takḥulūna or takḥalūna |
يَكْحُلُونَ or يَكْحَلُونَ yakḥulūna or yakḥalūna | |||
f | تَكْحُلِينَ or تَكْحَلِينَ takḥulīna or takḥalīna |
takḥulu or takḥalu |
تَكْحُلَانِ or تَكْحَلَانِ takḥulāni or takḥalāni |
تَكْحُلْنَ or تَكْحَلْنَ takḥulna or takḥalna |
يَكْحُلْنَ or يَكْحَلْنَ yakḥulna or yakḥalna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʾakḥula or ʾakḥala |
takḥula or takḥala |
yakḥula or yakḥala |
takḥulā or takḥalā |
yakḥulā or yakḥalā |
nakḥula or nakḥala |
تَكْحُلُوا or تَكْحَلُوا takḥulū or takḥalū |
يَكْحُلُوا or يَكْحَلُوا yakḥulū or yakḥalū | |||
f | takḥulī or takḥalī |
takḥula or takḥala |
takḥulā or takḥalā |
تَكْحُلْنَ or تَكْحَلْنَ takḥulna or takḥalna |
يَكْحُلْنَ or يَكْحَلْنَ yakḥulna or yakḥalna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʾakḥul or ʾakḥal |
takḥul or takḥal |
yakḥul or yakḥal |
takḥulā or takḥalā |
yakḥulā or yakḥalā |
nakḥul or nakḥal |
تَكْحُلُوا or تَكْحَلُوا takḥulū or takḥalū |
يَكْحُلُوا or يَكْحَلُوا yakḥulū or yakḥalū | |||
f | takḥulī or takḥalī |
takḥul or takḥal |
takḥulā or takḥalā |
تَكْحُلْنَ or تَكْحَلْنَ takḥulna or takḥalna |
يَكْحُلْنَ or يَكْحَلْنَ yakḥulna or yakḥalna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | ukḥul or ikḥal |
ukḥulā or ikḥalā |
اُكْحُلُوا or اِكْحَلُوا ukḥulū or ikḥalū |
||||||||
f | ukḥulī or ikḥalī |
اُكْحُلْنَ or اِكْحَلْنَ ukḥulna or ikḥalna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | kuḥiltu |
kuḥilta |
كُحِلَ kuḥila |
kuḥiltumā |
kuḥilā |
kuḥilnā |
kuḥiltum |
kuḥilū | |||
f | kuḥilti |
kuḥilat |
kuḥilatā |
kuḥiltunna |
kuḥilna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع |
m | ʾukḥalu |
tukḥalu |
yukḥalu |
tukḥalāni |
yukḥalāni |
nukḥalu |
tukḥalūna |
yukḥalūna | |||
f | tukḥalīna |
tukḥalu |
tukḥalāni |
tukḥalna |
yukḥalna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʾukḥala |
tukḥala |
yukḥala |
tukḥalā |
yukḥalā |
nukḥala |
tukḥalū |
yukḥalū | |||
f | tukḥalī |
tukḥala |
tukḥalā |
tukḥalna |
yukḥalna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʾukḥal |
tukḥal |
yukḥal |
tukḥalā |
yukḥalā |
nukḥal |
tukḥalū |
yukḥalū | |||
f | tukḥalī |
tukḥal |
tukḥalā |
tukḥalna |
yukḥalna |
VerbEdit
كَحَّلَ • (kaḥḥala) II, non-past يُكَحِّلُ (yukaḥḥilu)
ConjugationEdit
Conjugation of
كَحَّلَ
(form-II sound)verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
takḥīl | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
mukaḥḥil | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
mukaḥḥal | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | kaḥḥaltu |
kaḥḥalta |
كَحَّلَ kaḥḥala |
kaḥḥaltumā |
kaḥḥalā |
kaḥḥalnā |
kaḥḥaltum |
kaḥḥalū | |||
f | kaḥḥalti |
kaḥḥalat |
kaḥḥalatā |
kaḥḥaltunna |
kaḥḥalna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع |
m | ʾukaḥḥilu |
tukaḥḥilu |
yukaḥḥilu |
tukaḥḥilāni |
yukaḥḥilāni |
nukaḥḥilu |
tukaḥḥilūna |
yukaḥḥilūna | |||
f | tukaḥḥilīna |
tukaḥḥilu |
tukaḥḥilāni |
tukaḥḥilna |
yukaḥḥilna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʾukaḥḥila |
tukaḥḥila |
yukaḥḥila |
tukaḥḥilā |
yukaḥḥilā |
nukaḥḥila |
tukaḥḥilū |
yukaḥḥilū | |||
f | tukaḥḥilī |
tukaḥḥila |
tukaḥḥilā |
tukaḥḥilna |
yukaḥḥilna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʾukaḥḥil |
tukaḥḥil |
yukaḥḥil |
tukaḥḥilā |
yukaḥḥilā |
nukaḥḥil |
tukaḥḥilū |
yukaḥḥilū | |||
f | tukaḥḥilī |
tukaḥḥil |
tukaḥḥilā |
tukaḥḥilna |
yukaḥḥilna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | كَحِّلْ kaḥḥil |
kaḥḥilā |
kaḥḥilū |
||||||||
f | kaḥḥilī |
kaḥḥilna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | kuḥḥiltu |
kuḥḥilta |
كُحِّلَ kuḥḥila |
kuḥḥiltumā |
kuḥḥilā |
kuḥḥilnā |
kuḥḥiltum |
kuḥḥilū | |||
f | kuḥḥilti |
kuḥḥilat |
kuḥḥilatā |
kuḥḥiltunna |
kuḥḥilna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع |
m | ʾukaḥḥalu |
tukaḥḥalu |
yukaḥḥalu |
tukaḥḥalāni |
yukaḥḥalāni |
nukaḥḥalu |
tukaḥḥalūna |
yukaḥḥalūna | |||
f | tukaḥḥalīna |
tukaḥḥalu |
tukaḥḥalāni |
tukaḥḥalna |
yukaḥḥalna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʾukaḥḥala |
tukaḥḥala |
yukaḥḥala |
tukaḥḥalā |
yukaḥḥalā |
nukaḥḥala |
tukaḥḥalū |
yukaḥḥalū | |||
f | tukaḥḥalī |
tukaḥḥala |
tukaḥḥalā |
tukaḥḥalna |
yukaḥḥalna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʾukaḥḥal |
tukaḥḥal |
yukaḥḥal |
tukaḥḥalā |
yukaḥḥalā |
nukaḥḥal |
tukaḥḥalū |
yukaḥḥalū | |||
f | tukaḥḥalī |
tukaḥḥal |
tukaḥḥalā |
tukaḥḥalna |
yukaḥḥalna |
NounEdit
كَحَل • (kaḥal) m
- black coloring of the edges of the eyelids
DeclensionEdit
Declension of noun كَحَل (kaḥal)
AdjectiveEdit
كَحِل • (kaḥil)
DeclensionEdit
Declension of adjective كَحِل (kaḥil)
Singular | Masculine | Feminine | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
basic singular triptote | singular triptote in ـَة (-a) | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | كَحِل kaḥil |
الْكَحِل al-kaḥil |
كَحِلَة kaḥila |
الْكَحِلَة al-kaḥila |
Nominative | كَحِلٌ kaḥilun |
الْكَحِلُ al-kaḥilu |
كَحِلَةٌ kaḥilatun |
الْكَحِلَةُ al-kaḥilatu |
Accusative | كَحِلًا kaḥilan |
الْكَحِلَ al-kaḥila |
كَحِلَةً kaḥilatan |
الْكَحِلَةَ al-kaḥilata |
Genitive | كَحِلٍ kaḥilin |
الْكَحِلِ al-kaḥili |
كَحِلَةٍ kaḥilatin |
الْكَحِلَةِ al-kaḥilati |
Dual | Masculine | Feminine | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | كَحِلَيْن kaḥilayn |
الْكَحِلَيْن al-kaḥilayn |
كَحِلَتَيْن kaḥilatayn |
الْكَحِلَتَيْن al-kaḥilatayn |
Nominative | كَحِلَانِ kaḥilāni |
الْكَحِلَانِ al-kaḥilāni |
كَحِلَتَانِ kaḥilatāni |
الْكَحِلَتَانِ al-kaḥilatāni |
Accusative | كَحِلَيْنِ kaḥilayni |
الْكَحِلَيْنِ al-kaḥilayni |
كَحِلَتَيْنِ kaḥilatayni |
الْكَحِلَتَيْنِ al-kaḥilatayni |
Genitive | كَحِلَيْنِ kaḥilayni |
الْكَحِلَيْنِ al-kaḥilayni |
كَحِلَتَيْنِ kaḥilatayni |
الْكَحِلَتَيْنِ al-kaḥilatayni |
Plural | Masculine | Feminine | ||
plural unknown | sound feminine plural | |||
Indefinite | Definite | Indefinite | Definite | |
Informal | ? ? |
? ? |
كَحِلَات kaḥilāt |
الْكَحِلَات al-kaḥilāt |
Nominative | ? ? |
? ? |
كَحِلَاتٌ kaḥilātun |
الْكَحِلَاتُ al-kaḥilātu |
Accusative | ? ? |
? ? |
كَحِلَاتٍ kaḥilātin |
الْكَحِلَاتِ al-kaḥilāti |
Genitive | ? ? |
? ? |
كَحِلَاتٍ kaḥilātin |
الْكَحِلَاتِ al-kaḥilāti |
NounEdit
كَحْل • (kaḥl) m
- verbal noun of كَحُلَ (kaḥula) (form I)
- verbal noun of كَحَلَ (kaḥala) (form I)
- Rubbing the eyelids with kohl.
DeclensionEdit
Declension of noun كَحْل (kaḥl)
Related termsEdit
- كُحَيْلِيّ (kuḥayliyy, “thoroughbred horse”)
- مُكَحَّل (mukaḥḥal)
- مُكْحَلَة (mukḥala)
Further readingEdit
- Hille, K. A. (1851) , “Ueber den Gebrauch und die Zusammensetzung der orientalischen Augenschminke (الكُحْل)”, in Zeitschrift der Deutschen Morgenländischen Gesellschaft[1] (in German), volume 5, pages 236–242
- Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft[2] (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 40
- Zimmern, Heinrich (1915) Akkadische Fremdwörter als Beweis für babylonischen Kultureinfluss (in German), Leipzig: A. Edelmann, page 61
Moroccan ArabicEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Arabic أَكْحَل (ʾakḥal, “black, very dark grey or blue, the colour of kohl”)
PronunciationEdit
AdjectiveEdit
كحل • (kḥal) (feminine كحلا (kaḥla), common plural كوحل (kūḥel), masculine plural كحلين (kaḥlīn), feminine plural كحلات (kaḥlāt), elative أكحل (ʔakḥal) or كحل (kḥal))
See alsoEdit
Colors in Moroccan Arabic · ألوان (ʔalwān) (layout · text) | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
بيض (byaḍ) | رمادي (rmādi) | كحل (kḥal) | ||
حمر (ḥmar) | ليموني (līmūni, laymūni); قهوي (qahwi) | صفر (ṣfar) | ||
ليمي (līmi) | خضر (ḵḍar) | نعناعي (naʕnāʕi) | ||
سماوي (smāwi) | لازوردي (lāzūrdi) | زرق (zraq) | ||
موڤ (mūv, mūf) | بنفسجي (banafsaji) | وردي (wardi) | ||