ورد
Arabic edit
Etymology 1 edit
Root |
---|
و ر د (w-r-d) |
From Proto-Semitic *warad-. Cognate with Hebrew יָרַד (yārád, “to go down”), Aramaic ירד (yreḏ, “stream”), Ge'ez ወረደ (wärädä, “fall down, go down, drain off, pour down”), and Akkadian 𒉿𒊏𒁺𒌝 (warādum, “to go down to lower ground, to come ashore, to go downhill or downstream”) and Ugaritic 𐎊𐎗𐎄 (yrd).
Verb edit
وَرَدَ • (warada) I, non-past يَرِدُ (yaridu)
- to come, to arrive
- وَرَدَتْنِي عُرُوضٌ مِنْ كُلِّ أَنْحَاءِ ٱلْعَالَمِ.
- waradatnī ʕurūḍun min kulli ʔanḥāʔi l-ʕālami.
- Offers from all over the world came to me.
- to appear, to show up
- to be said, to be mentioned
Conjugation edit
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
wurūd | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
wārid | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
mawrūd | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | waradtu |
waradta |
وَرَدَ warada |
waradtumā |
waradā |
waradnā |
waradtum |
waradū | |||
f | waradti |
waradat |
waradatā |
waradtunna |
waradna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔaridu |
taridu |
yaridu |
taridāni |
yaridāni |
naridu |
taridūna |
yaridūna | |||
f | taridīna |
taridu |
taridāni |
taridna |
yaridna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔarida |
tarida |
yarida |
taridā |
yaridā |
narida |
taridū |
yaridū | |||
f | taridī |
tarida |
taridā |
taridna |
yaridna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔarid |
tarid |
yarid |
taridā |
yaridā |
narid |
taridū |
yaridū | |||
f | taridī |
tarid |
taridā |
taridna |
yaridna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | rid |
ridā |
ridū |
||||||||
f | ridī |
ridna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | — | — | وُرِدَ wurida |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | — | — | yūradu |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | — | — | yūrada |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | — | — | yūrad |
— | — | — | — | — | |||
f | — | — | — | — | — |
Verb edit
وَرَّدَ • (warrada) II, non-past يُوَرِّدُ (yuwarridu)
Conjugation edit
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
tawrīd | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
muwarrid | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
muwarrad | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | warradtu |
warradta |
وَرَّدَ warrada |
warradtumā |
warradā |
warradnā |
warradtum |
warradū | |||
f | warradti |
warradat |
warradatā |
warradtunna |
warradna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuwarridu |
tuwarridu |
yuwarridu |
tuwarridāni |
yuwarridāni |
nuwarridu |
tuwarridūna |
yuwarridūna | |||
f | tuwarridīna |
tuwarridu |
tuwarridāni |
tuwarridna |
yuwarridna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuwarrida |
tuwarrida |
yuwarrida |
tuwarridā |
yuwarridā |
nuwarrida |
tuwarridū |
yuwarridū | |||
f | tuwarridī |
tuwarrida |
tuwarridā |
tuwarridna |
yuwarridna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuwarrid |
tuwarrid |
yuwarrid |
tuwarridā |
yuwarridā |
nuwarrid |
tuwarridū |
yuwarridū | |||
f | tuwarridī |
tuwarrid |
tuwarridā |
tuwarridna |
yuwarridna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | وَرِّدْ warrid |
warridā |
warridū |
||||||||
f | warridī |
warridna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | wurridtu |
wurridta |
وُرِّدَ wurrida |
wurridtumā |
wurridā |
wurridnā |
wurridtum |
wurridū | |||
f | wurridti |
wurridat |
wurridatā |
wurridtunna |
wurridna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuwarradu |
tuwarradu |
yuwarradu |
tuwarradāni |
yuwarradāni |
nuwarradu |
tuwarradūna |
yuwarradūna | |||
f | tuwarradīna |
tuwarradu |
tuwarradāni |
tuwarradna |
yuwarradna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuwarrada |
tuwarrada |
yuwarrada |
tuwarradā |
yuwarradā |
nuwarrada |
tuwarradū |
yuwarradū | |||
f | tuwarradī |
tuwarrada |
tuwarradā |
tuwarradna |
yuwarradna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuwarrad |
tuwarrad |
yuwarrad |
tuwarradā |
yuwarradā |
nuwarrad |
tuwarradū |
yuwarradū | |||
f | tuwarradī |
tuwarrad |
tuwarradā |
tuwarradna |
yuwarradna |
Noun edit
وِرْد • (wird) m (plural أَوْرَاد (ʔawrād))
- watering hole
- (religion) (esp. in plural) specified time of day or night devoted to private prayer
Declension edit
Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | وِرْد wird |
الْوِرْد al-wird |
وِرْد wird |
Nominative | وِرْدٌ wirdun |
الْوِرْدُ al-wirdu |
وِرْدُ wirdu |
Accusative | وِرْدًا wirdan |
الْوِرْدَ al-wirda |
وِرْدَ wirda |
Genitive | وِرْدٍ wirdin |
الْوِرْدِ al-wirdi |
وِرْدِ wirdi |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | وِرْدَيْن wirdayn |
الْوِرْدَيْن al-wirdayn |
وِرْدَيْ wirday |
Nominative | وِرْدَانِ wirdāni |
الْوِرْدَانِ al-wirdāni |
وِرْدَا wirdā |
Accusative | وِرْدَيْنِ wirdayni |
الْوِرْدَيْنِ al-wirdayni |
وِرْدَيْ wirday |
Genitive | وِرْدَيْنِ wirdayni |
الْوِرْدَيْنِ al-wirdayni |
وِرْدَيْ wirday |
Plural | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | أَوْرَاد ʔawrād |
الْأَوْرَاد al-ʔawrād |
أَوْرَاد ʔawrād |
Nominative | أَوْرَادٌ ʔawrādun |
الْأَوْرَادُ al-ʔawrādu |
أَوْرَادُ ʔawrādu |
Accusative | أَوْرَادًا ʔawrādan |
الْأَوْرَادَ al-ʔawrāda |
أَوْرَادَ ʔawrāda |
Genitive | أَوْرَادٍ ʔawrādin |
الْأَوْرَادِ al-ʔawrādi |
أَوْرَادِ ʔawrādi |
Etymology 2 edit
As Aramaic וַרְדָּא (wardā), ܘܪܕܐ (wardā), Hebrew וֶרֶד (wéreḏ), and Old Armenian վարդ (vard) and Ancient Greek ϝρόδον (wródon), borrowed from a reflex of Proto-Iranian *wardah.
Noun edit
وَرْد • (ward) m (collective, singulative وَرْدَة f (warda), plural وُرُود (wurūd))
- roses
- الْوَرْدُ، الَّذِي قُبِلَ بِنَدَى الصَّبَاحِ، هَمَسَ أَسْرَارَ الْحُبِّ وَالْجَمَالِ لِلْعَالَمِ، وَزُهُورُهُ الرَّقِيقَةُ شَاهِدَةٌ عَلَى هَشَاشَةِ الْحَيَاةِ.
- al-wardu, allaḏī qubila binadā ṣ-ṣabāḥi, hamasa ʔasrāra l-ḥubbi wāljamāli lilʕālami, wazuhūruhu r-raqīqatu šāhidatun ʕalā hašāšati l-ḥayāti.
- The rose, kissed by the morning dew, whispered secrets of love and beauty to the world, its delicate petals a testament to the fragility of life.
- blossoms
Declension edit
Collective | basic collective triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | وَرْد ward |
الْوَرْد al-ward |
وَرْد ward |
Nominative | وَرْدٌ wardun |
الْوَرْدُ al-wardu |
وَرْدُ wardu |
Accusative | وَرْدًا wardan |
الْوَرْدَ al-warda |
وَرْدَ warda |
Genitive | وَرْدٍ wardin |
الْوَرْدِ al-wardi |
وَرْدِ wardi |
Singulative | singulative triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | وَرْدَة warda |
الْوَرْدَة al-warda |
وَرْدَة wardat |
Nominative | وَرْدَةٌ wardatun |
الْوَرْدَةُ al-wardatu |
وَرْدَةُ wardatu |
Accusative | وَرْدَةً wardatan |
الْوَرْدَةَ al-wardata |
وَرْدَةَ wardata |
Genitive | وَرْدَةٍ wardatin |
الْوَرْدَةِ al-wardati |
وَرْدَةِ wardati |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | وَرْدَتَيْن wardatayn |
الْوَرْدَتَيْن al-wardatayn |
وَرْدَتَيْ wardatay |
Nominative | وَرْدَتَانِ wardatāni |
الْوَرْدَتَانِ al-wardatāni |
وَرْدَتَا wardatā |
Accusative | وَرْدَتَيْنِ wardatayni |
الْوَرْدَتَيْنِ al-wardatayni |
وَرْدَتَيْ wardatay |
Genitive | وَرْدَتَيْنِ wardatayni |
الْوَرْدَتَيْنِ al-wardatayni |
وَرْدَتَيْ wardatay |
Paucal (3-10) | sound feminine paucal | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | وَرْدَات wardāt |
الْوَرْدَات al-wardāt |
وَرْدَات wardāt |
Nominative | وَرْدَاتٌ wardātun |
الْوَرْدَاتُ al-wardātu |
وَرْدَاتُ wardātu |
Accusative | وَرْدَاتٍ wardātin |
الْوَرْدَاتِ al-wardāti |
وَرْدَاتِ wardāti |
Genitive | وَرْدَاتٍ wardātin |
الْوَرْدَاتِ al-wardāti |
وَرْدَاتِ wardāti |
Plural of variety | basic broken plural triptote | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | وُرُود wurūd |
الْوُرُود al-wurūd |
وُرُود wurūd |
Nominative | وُرُودٌ wurūdun |
الْوُرُودُ al-wurūdu |
وُرُودُ wurūdu |
Accusative | وُرُودًا wurūdan |
الْوُرُودَ al-wurūda |
وُرُودَ wurūda |
Genitive | وُرُودٍ wurūdin |
الْوُرُودِ al-wurūdi |
وُرُودِ wurūdi |
Derived terms edit
- مَاء وَرْد (māʔ ward)
- وَرْدِيّة (wardiyya)
Descendants edit
Further reading edit
- Asbaghi, Asya (1988) Persische Lehnwörter im Arabischen[1] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 271
- Bläsing, Uwe (2019), “Die armenischen Pflanzennamen in Peter Simon Pallas’ Flora Rossica. Eine Studie zu Etymologie und sprachlicher Interaktion”, in U. Bläsing, J. Dum-Tragut, T.M. van Lint, editors, Armenian, Hittite, and Indo-European Studies: A Commemoration Volume for Jos J.S. Weitenberg (Hebrew University Armenian Studies; 15) (in German), Leuven: Peeters, page 33
Etymology 3 edit
Denominal verb of وَرْد (ward, “roses, blossoms”).
Verb edit
وَرَّدَ • (warrada) II, non-past يُوَرِّدُ (yuwarridu)
Conjugation edit
verbal noun الْمَصْدَر |
tawrīd | |||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل |
muwarrid | |||||||||||
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول |
muwarrad | |||||||||||
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | warradtu |
warradta |
وَرَّدَ warrada |
warradtumā |
warradā |
warradnā |
warradtum |
warradū | |||
f | warradti |
warradat |
warradatā |
warradtunna |
warradna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuwarridu |
tuwarridu |
yuwarridu |
tuwarridāni |
yuwarridāni |
nuwarridu |
tuwarridūna |
yuwarridūna | |||
f | tuwarridīna |
tuwarridu |
tuwarridāni |
tuwarridna |
yuwarridna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuwarrida |
tuwarrida |
yuwarrida |
tuwarridā |
yuwarridā |
nuwarrida |
tuwarridū |
yuwarridū | |||
f | tuwarridī |
tuwarrida |
tuwarridā |
tuwarridna |
yuwarridna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuwarrid |
tuwarrid |
yuwarrid |
tuwarridā |
yuwarridā |
nuwarrid |
tuwarridū |
yuwarridū | |||
f | tuwarridī |
tuwarrid |
tuwarridā |
tuwarridna |
yuwarridna | |||||||
imperative الْأَمْر |
m | وَرِّدْ warrid |
warridā |
warridū |
||||||||
f | warridī |
warridna | ||||||||||
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول | ||||||||||||
singular الْمُفْرَد |
dual الْمُثَنَّى |
plural الْجَمْع | ||||||||||
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب |
1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم |
2nd person الْمُخَاطَب |
3rd person الْغَائِب | |||||
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي |
m | wurridtu |
wurridta |
وُرِّدَ wurrida |
wurridtumā |
wurridā |
wurridnā |
wurridtum |
wurridū | |||
f | wurridti |
wurridat |
wurridatā |
wurridtunna |
wurridna | |||||||
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع |
m | ʔuwarradu |
tuwarradu |
yuwarradu |
tuwarradāni |
yuwarradāni |
nuwarradu |
tuwarradūna |
yuwarradūna | |||
f | tuwarradīna |
tuwarradu |
tuwarradāni |
tuwarradna |
yuwarradna | |||||||
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب |
m | ʔuwarrada |
tuwarrada |
yuwarrada |
tuwarradā |
yuwarradā |
nuwarrada |
tuwarradū |
yuwarradū | |||
f | tuwarradī |
tuwarrada |
tuwarradā |
tuwarradna |
yuwarradna | |||||||
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم |
m | ʔuwarrad |
tuwarrad |
yuwarrad |
tuwarradā |
yuwarradā |
nuwarrad |
tuwarradū |
yuwarradū | |||
f | tuwarradī |
tuwarrad |
tuwarradā |
tuwarradna |
yuwarradna |
Etymology 4 edit
Noun edit
وُرُد • (wurud) m pl
Persian edit
Etymology 1 edit
Borrowed from Arabic وَرْد (ward), itself of Iranian origin and from the same etymon as native گل (gol).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [waɾð]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [væɹd̪̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [väɹd̪]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | ward |
Dari reading? | ward |
Iranian reading? | vard |
Tajik reading? | vard |
Noun edit
ورد • (vard)
Etymology 2 edit
Borrowed from Arabic وِرْد (wird).
Pronunciation edit
- (Classical Persian) IPA(key): [wiɾð]
- (Iran, formal) IPA(key): [veɹd̪̥]
- (Tajik, formal) IPA(key): [viɹd̪]
Readings | |
---|---|
Classical reading? | wird |
Dari reading? | wird |
Iranian reading? | verd |
Tajik reading? | vird |
Noun edit
ورد • (verd) (plural وردها (verd-hâ) or اوراد (owrâd))
Synonyms edit
South Levantine Arabic edit
Etymology edit
Inherited from Arabic وَرْد (ward).
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
ورد • (ward) m (collective, singulative وردة f (warde), paucal وردات (wardāt))