Punjabi edit

Etymology edit

Punjabi verb set
پَڑھنا (paṛhnā)
پَڑھاؤݨا (paṛhā'oṇā)
پَڑھْواؤݨا (paṛhvā'oṇā)

Inherited from Paisaci Prakrit [Term?] (compare Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀧𑀠𑀤𑀺 (paḍhadi)), from Sanskrit पठति (páṭhati). Cognate with Urdu پڑھنا (paṛhnā).

Verb edit

پڑھنا (paṛhnā) (transitive, Gurmukhi spelling ਪੜ੍ਹਨਾ)

  1. to read
    تُوْں کِہڑی کِتاب پَڑھنا پْیا ویْں؟
    tūṉ kihṛī kitāb paṛhnā pyا veṉ?
    Which book are you reading?
  2. to recite; pray
  3. to study, learn

Urdu edit

Etymology edit

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀧𑀠 (paḍha) +‎ ـنا (-nā, verbal suffix), the first element of which is from Sanskrit पठ् (paṭh).

Pronunciation edit

Verb edit

پَڑْھنا (paṛhnā) (transitive, Hindi spelling पढ़ना)

  1. to read (ie. a book etc.)
  2. to recite (ie. a poem or Quran etc.)
  3. (religion) pray; worship (ie. salat)
  4. (figuratively) to decipher
  5. to study, learn

Conjugation edit

  • Note: The second-person polite form آپ (āp) (āp) uses the third-person plural conjugation.

Further reading edit

  • پڑھنا”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • پڑھنا”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
  • Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “پڑهنا”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.