ܢܚܠܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

From Aramaic נַחְלָא (naḥlā); cognate to Hebrew נַחַל (nákhal).

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [nax.lɑː]

Noun

ܢܲܚܠܵܐ • (naḥlā) m sg (plural ܢܲܚܠܹ̈ܐ (naḥlē))

1. torrent
2. river, stream, wadi, gully
3. gorge, valley

Inflection

Inflection of ܢܲܚܠܵܐ (naḥlā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܢܲܚܠܝܼ (naḥlī)		ܢܲܚܠܲܢ (naḥlan)
	construct	ܢܚܲܠ (nḥal)	2nd person	ܢܲܚܠܘܼܟ݂ (naḥlūḵ)	ܢܲܚܠܵܟ݂ܝ (naḥlāḵ)	ܢܲܚܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (naḥlāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܢܲܚܠܵܐ (naḥlā)	3rd person	ܢܲܚܠܹܗ (naḥlēh)	ܢܲܚܠܵܗ̇ (naḥlāh)	ܢܲܚܠܗܘܿܢ (naḥlhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܢܲܚܠܝܼ̈ (naḥlī)		ܢܲܚܠܲܢ̈ (naḥlan)
	construct	ܢܲܚܠܲܝ̈ (naḥlay)	2nd person	ܢܲܚܠܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (naḥlūḵ)	ܢܲܚܠܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (naḥlāḵ)	ܢܲܚܠܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (naḥlāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܢܲܚܠܹ̈ܐ (naḥlē)	3rd person	ܢܲܚܠܘܼ̈ܗܝ (naḥlūh)	ܢܲܚܠ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (naḥlōh)	ܢܲܚܠܗ̈ܘܿܢ (naḥlhōn)

Etymology 2

From ܢܲܚܠܵܐ ܕܡܲܠܟܹ̈ܐ (literally “Gorge of the Kings”).

Alternative forms

• ܢܲܗܠܵܐ (nahlā), ܢܵܠܵܐ (nālā)

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [nɑːlɑː]

  Homophone: ܢܵܠܵܐ (nālā, “nightmare, incubous, devil”)

Proper noun

ܢܵܚ݇ܠܵܐ • (nālā) f

1. Nahla (Assyrian-majority geographic region lying in a valley separated by a mountain range and bound by the Great Zab River)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• (standard) IPA^(key): [nɑxːlɑː]

Noun

ܢܵܚܠܵܐ • (nāḥlā) m sg (plural ܢܵܚܠܹ̈ܐ (nāḥlē), feminine ܢܵܚܸܠܬܵܐ (nāḥiltā))

1. sifter

Inflection

Inflection of ܢܲܚܠܵܐ (naḥlā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
				m	f
singular	absolute	–	1st person	ܢܲܚܠܝܼ (naḥlī)		ܢܲܚܠܲܢ (naḥlan)
	construct	ܢܵܚܹܠ (nāḥēl)	2nd person	ܢܲܚܠܘܼܟ݂ (naḥlūḵ)	ܢܲܚܠܵܟ݂ܝ (naḥlāḵ)	ܢܲܚܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (naḥlāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܢܲܚܠܵܐ (naḥlā)	3rd person	ܢܲܚܠܹܗ (naḥlēh)	ܢܲܚܠܵܗ̇ (naḥlāh)	ܢܲܚܠܗܘܿܢ (naḥlhōn)
plural	absolute	–	1st person	ܢܲܚܠܝܼ̈ (naḥlī)		ܢܲܚܠܲܢ̈ (naḥlan)
	construct	ܢܲܚܠܲܝ̈ (naḥlay)	2nd person	ܢܲܚܠܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (naḥlūḵ)	ܢܲܚܠܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (naḥlāḵ)	ܢܲܚܠܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (naḥlāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܢܲܚܠܹ̈ܐ (naḥlē)	3rd person	ܢܲܚܠܘܼ̈ܗܝ (naḥlūh)	ܢܲܚܠ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (naḥlōh)	ܢܲܚܠܗ̈ܘܿܢ (naḥlhōn)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

Compare Hebrew נַחַל (náḥal).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [naħlɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [naħle(ʔ)] (plural)

Noun

ܢܚܠܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܢܚܠܐ)

1. torrent
2. river, stream, wadi, gully
3. gorge, valley

Inflection

    inflection of ܢܚܠܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܢܚܠ	ܢܚܠܝܢ
construct	ܢܚܠ	ܢܚܠܝ
emphatic	ܢܚܠܐ	ܢܚܠܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܢܚܠܝ	ܢܚܠܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܢܚܠܟ	ܢܚܠܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܢܚܠܟܝ	ܢܚܠܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܢܚܠܗ	ܢܚܠܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܢܚܠܗ	ܢܚܠܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܢܚܠܢ	ܢܚܠܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܢܚܠܟܘܢ	ܢܚܠܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܢܚܠܟܝܢ	ܢܚܠܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܢܚܠܗܘܢ	ܢܚܠܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܢܚܠܗܝܢ	ܢܚܠܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 2

From the root ܢ-ܚ-ܠ (n-ḥ-l) related to sifting.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [nɑħlɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [nɑħle(ʔ)] (plural)

Noun

ܢܚܠܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܢܚܠܐ, singular feminine counterpart ܢܚܠܬܐ)

1. sifter

Inflection

    inflection of ܢܚܠܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܢܚܠ	ܢܚܠܝܢ
construct	ܢܚܠ	ܢܚܠܝ
emphatic	ܢܚܠܐ	ܢܚܠܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܢܚܠܝ	ܢܚܠܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܢܚܠܟ	ܢܚܠܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܢܚܠܟܝ	ܢܚܠܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܢܚܠܗ	ܢܚܠܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܢܚܠܗ	ܢܚܠܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܢܚܠܢ	ܢܚܠܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܢܚܠܟܘܢ	ܢܚܠܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܢܚܠܟܝܢ	ܢܚܠܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܢܚܠܗܘܢ	ܢܚܠܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܢܚܠܗܝܢ	ܢܚܠܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 3

From the root ܢ-ܚ-ܠ (n-ḥ-l) related to sifting.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [n(ə)ħɑlɑ(ʔ)]

Noun

ܢܚܠܐ • (transliteration needed) m (uncountable)

1. sifting
2. superstitious choosing of times

Inflection

    declension of ܢܚܠܐ

state	singular (uncountable)
absolute	ܢܚܠ
construct	ܢܚܠ
emphatic	ܢܚܠܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܢܚܠܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܢܚܠܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܢܚܠܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܢܚܠܗ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܢܚܠܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܢܚܠܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܢܚܠܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܢܚܠܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܢܚܠܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܢܚܠܗܝܢ

References

• “nḥl”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 201a, b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 335b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pp. 907b-908a