ܫܢܬܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Aramaic שַׁתָּא (šattā), from Proto-Semitic *šanat-; compare Arabic سَنَة (sana), Hebrew שָׁנָה (shaná) and Akkadian 𒈬 (šattum).

Pronunciation edit

(standard) IPA^(key): [ʃetːtɑː]
(Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [ʃɑːtɑː]
(Urmian) IPA^(key): [ʃiːtɑː]

Noun edit

ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ • (šēttā) f sg (plural ܫܸܢܹ̈ܐ (šinnē))

year (time period representing one revolution of the Earth around the Sun)
ܝܘܼܪܟ݂ܵܐ ܕܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܬܪܸܥܣܲܪ ܝܲܪ̈ܚܹܐ
yurḵā d-šēttā ìlēh triˁsar yarḥē
The length of a year is twelve months.

ܒܚܲܝܠܵܐ ܕܐܲܠܵܗܵܐ ܒܸܬ ܕܵܥܪܲܚ ܠܐܲܬܪܵܐ ܒܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ ܕܐܵܬ݂ܝܵܐ.
bḥaylā d-allāhā bit dāˁraḥ l-atrā b-šēttā d-āṯyā.
God willing we will return to Assyria next year.

ܒܢܲܝ̈ ܚܵܠܝܼ ܫܘܼܢܹܐ ܠܗܘܿܢ ܠܒܲܝܬܵܐ ܐ݇ܚܪܹܢܵܐ ܒܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ ܕܥܒ݂ܝܼܪܵܗ̇.
bnay ḥālī šūnē lhōn lbaytā ḥrēnā b-šēttā dˁḇīrāh.
My cousins moved house last year.
(astronomy) year (corresponding time period for a different planet)
ܥܲܠ ܢܸܪܓܲܠ، ܡܸܬ݂ܚܵܐ ܕܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ ܝܠܹܗ ܐܸܫܬܲܡܐܵܐ ܬܡܵܢܝܼܢ ܘܫܲܒ݂ܥܵܐ ܝܵܘܡܵܢܹ̈ܐ.
ˁal nirgal, miṯḥā d-šēttā ìlēh ištamˀā tmānīn w-šaḇˁā yāwmānē.
On Mars, the duration of a year is six hundred and eighty-seven days.

Inflection edit

Inflection of ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ (šēttā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
	state	form	person	m	f	plural
singular	absolute	–	1^st person	ܫܹܢ݇ܬܝܼ (šēttī)		ܫܹܢ݇ܬܲܢ (šēttan)
	construct	ܫܹܢ݇ܬ (šēt)	2^nd person	ܫܹܢ݇ܬܘܼܟ݂ (šēttūḵ)	ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܟ݂ܝ (šēttāḵ)	ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šēttāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ (šēttā)	3^rd person	ܫܹܢ݇ܬܹܗ (šēttēh)	ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܗ̇ (šēttāh)	ܫܹܢ݇ܬܗܘܿܢ (šētthōn)
plural	absolute	–	1^st person	ܫܸܢܝܼ̈ (šinī)		ܫܸܢܲܢ̈ (šinnan)
	construct	ܫܢܲܝ̈ (šnay)	2^nd person	ܫܸܢܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (šinūḵ)	ܫܸܢܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (šinnāḵ)	ܫܸܢܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šinnāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܫܸܢܹ̈ܐ (šinnē)	3^rd person	ܫܸܢܘܼ̈ܗܝ (šinūh)	ܫܸܢ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (šinnōh)	ܫܸܢܗ̈ܘܿܢ (šinhōn)

Coordinate terms edit

ܝܵܘܡܵܐ (yāwmā, “day”), ܫܵܒ݂ܘܿܥܵܐ (šāḇōˁā, “week”), ܝܲܪܚܵܐ (yarḥā, “month”), ܐܸܩܡܵܐ (iqmā, “season”)
ܥܣܲܪܬܵܐ (ˁsartā, “decade”), ܕܵܘܪܵܐ (dāwrā, “century”), ܐܲܠܦܵܝܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (alpāyūṯā, “millennium”)

Derived terms edit

ܐܲܕ݇ܫܲܢ݇ܬ (aššat, “this year”)
ܒܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ (b-šēttā, “during the year”)
ܒܲܪ ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ (bar šēttā, “one-year-old”)
ܓܵܘ ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ (gāw šēttā, “per annum”)
ܟܠܫܲܢ݇ܬ (kulšat, “every year”)
ܪܹܝܫ ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ (rēš šēttā, “new year”)
ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ ܒܲܗܪܵܢܵܝܬܵܐ (šēttā bahrānāytā, “light year”)
ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ ܟܒ݂ܝܼܫܬܵܐ (šēttā kḇīštā, “leap year”)
ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ ܦܫܝܼܛܬܵܐ (šēttā pšīṭtā, “common year”)
ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܢܵܐܝܼܬ݂ (šētānāˀīṯ, “yearly, annually”)
ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܢܵܝܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (šētānāyūṯā, “annual cycle”)
ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܢܵܝܵܐ (šētānāyā, “annual”)

Etymology 2 edit

Root
ܝ ܫ ܢ (y š n)
1 term

Compare Arabic سِنَة (sina), Hebrew שֵׁנָה (sheiná).

Pronunciation edit

(standard) IPA^(key): [ʃɪn.θɑː]
(Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [ʃɪn.θa]
(Urmian) IPA^(key): [ʃɪn.tɑː]

Noun edit

ܫܸܢܬ݂ܵܐ • (šinṯā) f

sleep
ܝܼܠܵܗ̇ ܫܸܢܬ݂ܝܼ ― īlāh šinṯī ― I’m sleepy (literally, “It’s my sleep.”)

ܠܵܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇ ܫܸܢܬ݂ܵܗ̇ ― lā ìlāh šinṯāh ― She’s not sleepy. (literally, “It’s not her sleep.”)

Inflection edit

Inflection of ܫܸܢܬ݂ܵܐ (šinṯā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
	state	form	person	m	f	plural
singular	absolute	–	1^st person	ܫܸܢܬ݂ܝܼ (šinṯī)		ܫܸܢܬ݂ܲܢ (šinṯan)
	construct	ܫܸܢܲܬ݂ (šinnaṯ)	2^nd person	ܫܸܢܬ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (šinṯūḵ)	ܫܸܢܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (šinṯāḵ)	ܫܸܢܬ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šinṯāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܫܸܢܬ݂ܵܐ (šinṯā)	3^rd person	ܫܸܢܬ݂ܹܗ (šinṯēh)	ܫܸܢܬ݂ܵܗ̇ (šinṯāh)	ܫܸܢܬ݂ܗܘܿܢ (šinṯhōn)

Derived terms edit

ܫܸܢܬ݂ܵܢܵܐ (šinṯānā, “sleepy”)

Etymology 3 edit

Compare Arabic أُشْنَة (ʔušna).

Pronunciation edit

(standard) IPA^(key): [ʃan.tɑː]

Noun edit

ܫܲܢܬܵܐ • (šantā) f

moss, lichen

Inflection edit

Inflection of ܫܲܢܬܵܐ (šantā)

number	isolated forms		with possessive pronouns
	state	form	person	singular		plural
	state	form	person	m	f	plural
singular	absolute	–	1^st person	ܫܲܢܬܝܼ (šantī)		ܫܲܢܬܲܢ (šantan)
	construct	ܫܲܢܲܬ݂ (šannaṯ)	2^nd person	ܫܲܢܬܘܼܟ݂ (šantūḵ)	ܫܲܢܬܵܟ݂ܝ (šantāḵ)	ܫܲܢܬܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šantāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܫܲܢܬܵܐ (šantā)	3^rd person	ܫܲܢܬܹܗ (šantēh)	ܫܲܢܬܵܗ̇ (šantāh)	ܫܲܢܬܗܘܿܢ (šanthōn)

References edit

“ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ”, in Sureth Dictionary, Association Assyrophile de France, (Can we date this quote?)
“ܫܲܢܬ݂ܵܐ”, in Sureth Dictionary, Association Assyrophile de France, (Can we date this quote?)
“ܫܸܢܬܵܐ”, in Sureth Dictionary, Association Assyrophile de France, (Can we date this quote?)

Classical Syriac edit

Etymology 1 edit

From Proto-Semitic *šanat-.

Pronunciation edit

(Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): /ʃantɑ/, [ˈʃat.tɑ]
(Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʃat.tɑ]
(Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʃɑ.to]

Noun edit

ܫܢܬܐ • (ša[n]tā) f (plural ܫܢܝܐ (šənayyā))

year
age, era

Inflection edit

declension of ܫܢܬܐ

state	singular	plural
absolute	ܫܢܐ	ܫܢܝܢ
construct	ܫܢܬ	ܫܢܝ
emphatic	ܫܢܬܐ	ܫܢܝܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܫܢܬܝ	ܫܢܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܫܢܬܟ	ܫܢܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܫܢܬܟܝ	ܫܢܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܫܢܬܗ	ܫܢܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܫܢܬܗ	ܫܢܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܫܢܬܢ	ܫܢܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܫܢܬܟܘܢ	ܫܢܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܫܢܬܟܝܢ	ܫܢܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܫܢܬܗܘܢ	ܫܢܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܫܢܬܗܝܢ	ܫܢܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 2 edit

Compare Arabic أُشْنَة (ʔušna).

Pronunciation edit

(Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ˈʃa(.)n(ə).θɑ]
(Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʃan.θɑ]
(Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʃɑn.θo]

Noun edit

ܫܢܬܐ • (šanəṯā) f (uncountable)

moss, lichen

Inflection edit

declension of ܫܢܬܐ

state	singular (uncountable)
absolute	ܫܢܐ
construct	ܫܢܬ
emphatic	ܫܢܬܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܫܢܬܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܫܢܬܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܫܢܬܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܫܢܬܗ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܫܢܬܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܫܢܬܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܫܢܬܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܫܢܬܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܫܢܬܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܫܢܬܗܝܢ

Etymology 3 edit

From the root ܝ-ܫ-ܢ (y-š-n); compare Arabic سِنَة (sina), Hebrew שֵׁנָה (šēnā).

Pronunciation edit

(Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ˈʃɛ(.)n(ə).θɑ]
(Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʃɪn.θɑ]
(Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ˈʃen.θo]

Noun edit

ܫܢܬܐ • (šenəṯā) f (uncountable)

sleep

Inflection edit

declension of ܫܢܬܐ

state	singular (uncountable)
absolute	ܫܢܐ
construct	ܫܢܬ
emphatic	ܫܢܬܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my)	ܫܢܬܝ
2nd m. sg. (your)	ܫܢܬܟ
2nd f. sg. (your)	ܫܢܬܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his)	ܫܢܬܗ
3rd f. sg. (her)	ܫܢܬܗ
1st c. pl. (our)	ܫܢܬܢ
2nd m. pl. (your)	ܫܢܬܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your)	ܫܢܬܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their)	ܫܢܬܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their)	ܫܢܬܗܝܢ

Etymology 4 edit

Pronunciation edit

(Classical Edessan) IPA^(key): [ʃɛnˈnɑ.θɑ]
(Eastern Syriac) IPA^(key): [ʃɪnˈnɑ.θɑ]
(Western Syriac) IPA^(key): [ʃeˈno.θo]

Noun edit

ܫܢܬܐ • (šennāṯā)

emphatic plural of ܫܢܐ (šennā)

References edit

“šnh”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-07-10
“šntˀ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-07-10
“šnh²”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2020-11-15
Brockelmann, Carl (1928) Lexicon Syriacum (in Latin), 2nd edition, Halle: Max Niemeyer, published 1995, page 789b
Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 374a
Löw, Immanuel (1881) Aramæische Pflanzennamen‎^[1] (in German), Leipzig: Wilhelm Engelmann, page 385
Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 587a, 588a
Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana; Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 1581a–b