उपाध्याय

Hindi edit

Etymology edit

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit उपाध्याय (upādhyāya). Doublet of ओझा (ojhā).

Pronunciation edit

(Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /ʊ.pɑːd̪ʱ.jɑːj/, [ʊ.päːd̪ʱ.jäːj]

Noun edit

उपाध्याय • (upādhyāy) m

teacher, guru
(Jainism, Buddhism) upadhyaya (one of the five types of revered people in Jainism)

Declension edit

Declension of उपाध्याय (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	उपाध्याय upādhyāy	उपाध्याय upādhyāy
oblique	उपाध्याय upādhyāy	उपाध्यायों upādhyāyõ
vocative	उपाध्याय upādhyāy	उपाध्यायो upādhyāyo

Sanskrit edit

Alternative scripts edit

Alternative scripts

Etymology edit

From उप (upa) +‎ अध्याय (adhyāya), itself from अधि- (adhi-) +‎ इ (i).

Pronunciation edit

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /u.pɑːdʱ.jɑː.jɐ/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /u.pɑːd̪ʱˈjɑː.jɐ/

Noun edit

उपाध्याय • (upādhyāya) stem, m

teacher, preceptor, advisor, counselor

Declension edit

Masculine a-stem declension of उपाध्याय (upādhyāya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	उपाध्यायः upādhyāyaḥ	उपाध्यायौ / उपाध्याया¹ upādhyāyau / upādhyāyā¹	उपाध्यायाः / उपाध्यायासः¹ upādhyāyāḥ / upādhyāyāsaḥ¹
Vocative	उपाध्याय upādhyāya	उपाध्यायौ / उपाध्याया¹ upādhyāyau / upādhyāyā¹	उपाध्यायाः / उपाध्यायासः¹ upādhyāyāḥ / upādhyāyāsaḥ¹
Accusative	उपाध्यायम् upādhyāyam	उपाध्यायौ / उपाध्याया¹ upādhyāyau / upādhyāyā¹	उपाध्यायान् upādhyāyān
Instrumental	उपाध्यायेन upādhyāyena	उपाध्यायाभ्याम् upādhyāyābhyām	उपाध्यायैः / उपाध्यायेभिः¹ upādhyāyaiḥ / upādhyāyebhiḥ¹
Dative	उपाध्यायाय upādhyāyāya	उपाध्यायाभ्याम् upādhyāyābhyām	उपाध्यायेभ्यः upādhyāyebhyaḥ
Ablative	उपाध्यायात् upādhyāyāt	उपाध्यायाभ्याम् upādhyāyābhyām	उपाध्यायेभ्यः upādhyāyebhyaḥ
Genitive	उपाध्यायस्य upādhyāyasya	उपाध्याययोः upādhyāyayoḥ	उपाध्यायानाम् upādhyāyānām
Locative	उपाध्याये upādhyāye	उपाध्याययोः upādhyāyayoḥ	उपाध्यायेषु upādhyāyeṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants edit

Assamese: ওজা (üza)
→ Assamese: উপাধ্যায় (upadhyay)
Bengali: ওঝা (ōjha)
→ Bengali: উপাধ্যায় (upaddhaẏ)
Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀑𑀛𑀸𑀅 (ojhāa), 𑀉𑀅𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀸𑀅 (uajjhāa), 𑀉𑀚𑁆𑀛𑀸𑀅 (ujjhāa)
- → Middle Chinese: 和尚 (ɦuɑ d͡ʑɨɐŋ^H)
- Hindi: ओझा (ojhā)
- → Hindi: उपाध्याय (upādhyāy)
Kumaoni: ojho
Old Marathi: ऊवजा (ūvajā)
→ Old Marathi: उपाध्या (upādhyā)
- Marathi: उपाध्या (upādhyā)
→ Marathi: उपाध्याय (upādhyāy)

→ Malayalam: വാധ്യായന് (vādhyāyaṉ)
Odia: ଓଝା (ojha)
Pali: upajjhāya
- → Sinhalese: උපා ධ්‍යායයා (upā dhyāyayā)
- → Khmer: ឧបជ្ឈាយ៍ (ʼupacchiə)
- → Thai: อุปัชฌายะ (ù-bpàt-chaa-yá), อุปัชฌาย์ (ù-bpàt-chaa)
→ Punjabi: ਓਝਾ (ojjhā)
→ Sindhi: واڍو (vāḍho)
→ Tamil: உவாத்தி (uvātti), உபாத்தி (upātti), வாத்தியாயர் (vāttiyāyar), ஓச்சன் (ōccaṉ)
→ Telugu: ఉపాధ్యాయుడు (upādhyāyuḍu), ఒజ్జే (ojjē), ఓజ (ōja), ఓజు (ōju)
→ Persian: خواجه (xâje) (via some Prakrit intermediary) (see there for further descendants)

→ Tibetan: མཁན་པོ (mkhan po) (calque)
- → Chinese: 堪布 (kānbù)
  - → Middle Mongol: ᠬᠠᠮᠪᠤ (qambu)
    - Classical Mongolian: ᠬᠠᠮᠪᠤ (qambu)
      - Buryat: хамба (xamba)
      - Mongolian: хамба (xamba)

References edit

Monier Williams (1899) “उपाध्याय”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0213.
Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “उपाध्याय”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “उपाध्याय”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
“उपाध्याय” in Carl Cappeller, A Sanskrit–English Dictionary: Based upon the St. Petersburg Lexicons, Strasbourg: Karl J. Trübner, 1891, →OCLC, page 092.
Horace Hayman Wilson, A dictionary in Sanscrit and English, 2nd ed., Calcutta: Education Press, Circular Road, 1832, page 160