Hindi

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काम
 
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Pronunciation

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  • (Delhi) IPA(key): /kɑːm/, [kä̃ːm]

Etymology 1

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    Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫 (kamma), from Sanskrit कर्मन् (kárman). Doublet of कर्म (karm). Cognate with Punjabi ਕੱਮ (kamma), Assamese কাম (kam).

    Noun

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    काम (kāmm (Urdu spelling کام)

    1. work, task, labour
      Synonym: क्रिया (kriyā)
      मैं कारख़ाने में काम करता हूँ।
      ma͠i kārxāne mẽ kām kartā hū̃.
      I work at a factory.
    2. job, employment
      Synonyms: नौकरी (naukrī), रोज़गार (rozgār)
      आजकल मैं काम की तलाश कर रहा हूँ।
      ājkal ma͠i kām kī talāś kar rahā hū̃.
      These days I am looking for a job.
    3. function, purpose
      यह बक्सा मेज़ का काम देगा।
      yah baksā mez kā kām degā.
      This box will serve the function of a table.
    Declension
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    Derived terms
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    Etymology 2

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    Learned borrowing from Sanskrit काम (kāma), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kā́ma.

    Noun

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    काम (kāmm (Urdu spelling کام)

    1. lust, sexual passion, desire
    2. (Hinduism) the god of love
      Synonym: कामदेव (kāmdev)
    Declension
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    Etymology 3

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    Borrowed from Classical Persian کام (kām).

    Noun

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    काम (kāmm

    1. mouth
      • 1797 – 1869, Ghalib :
        दाम-ए-हर-मौज में है हलक़ा-ए-सद-काम-ए-नहंग,
        देखें क्या गुज़रे है क़तरे पे गुहर होते तक
        dām-e-har-mauj mẽ hai halqā-e-sad-kām-e-nahaṅg,
        dekhẽ kyā guzre hai qatre pe guhar hote tak
        In snares of every wave there is a ring of hundred mouths of sea monsters
        it is to see what befalls the drop in becoming a pearl.
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    Etymology 4

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    Borrowed from Classical Persian کام (kām), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kā́ma. Doublet of काम (kām#Etymology_2).

    Noun

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    काम (kāmm

    1. desire
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    Further reading

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    Konkani

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    Noun

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    काम (kāmn (Latin script ?, Kannada script ?)

    1. work, task
    2. job

    Marathi

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    Etymology

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    Inherited from Old Marathi 𑘎𑘰𑘦 (kāma), from Maharastri Prakrit 𑀓𑀫𑁆𑀫 (kamma), from Sanskrit कर्मन् (kárman), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *kárma, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *kárma, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷer- (to do, make). Doublet of कर्म (karma).

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    काम (kāmn

    1. work, task
    2. job, occupation
      Synonym: नोकरी (nokrī)
    3. function, purpose

    Declension

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    Declension of काम (neut cons-stem)
    direct
    singular
    काम
    kām
    direct
    plural
    कामे, कामं
    kāme, kāma
    singular
    एकवचन
    plural
    अनेकवचन
    nominative
    प्रथमा
    काम
    kām
    कामे, कामं
    kāme, kāma
    oblique
    सामान्यरूप
    कामा
    kāmā
    कामां-
    kāmān-
    acc. / dative
    द्वितीया / चतुर्थी
    कामाला
    kāmālā
    कामांना
    kāmānnā
    ergative कामाने, कामानं
    kāmāne, kāmāna
    कामांनी
    kāmānnī
    instrumental कामाशी
    kāmāśī
    कामांशी
    kāmānśī
    locative
    सप्तमी
    कामात
    kāmāt
    कामांत
    kāmāt
    vocative
    संबोधन
    कामा
    kāmā
    कामांनो
    kāmānno
    Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions.
    There is no space between the stem and the postposition.
    Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.
    Genitive declension of काम (neut cons-stem)
    masculine object
    पुल्लिंगी कर्म
    feminine object
    स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म
    neuter object
    नपुसकलिंगी कर्म
    oblique
    सामान्यरूप
    singular
    एकवचन
    plural
    अनेकवचन
    singular
    एकवचन
    plural
    अनेकवचन
    singular*
    एकवचन
    plural
    अनेकवचन
    singular subject
    एकवचनी कर्ता
    कामाचा
    kāmāċā
    कामाचे
    kāmāċe
    कामाची
    kāmācī
    कामाच्या
    kāmācā
    कामाचे, कामाचं
    kāmāċe, kāmāċa
    कामाची
    kāmācī
    कामाच्या
    kāmācā
    plural subject
    अनेकवचनी कर्ता
    कामांचा
    kāmānċā
    कामांचे
    kāmānċe
    कामांची
    kāmāñcī
    कामांच्या
    kāmāncā
    कामांचे, कामांचं
    kāmānċe, kāmānċa
    कामांची
    kāmāñcī
    कामांच्या
    kāmāñcā
    * Note: Word-final (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as (a).
    Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

    Derived terms

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    References

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    • Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “काम”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies
    • Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “काम”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
    • दाते, यशवंत रामकृष्ण [Date, Yashwant Ramkrishna] (1932-1950) “काम”, in महाराष्ट्र शब्दकोश (mahārāṣṭra śabdakoś) (in Marathi), पुणे [Pune]: महाराष्ट्र कोशमंडळ (mahārāṣṭra kośmaṇḍaḷ).
    • Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “kárman”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

    Nepali

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    Etymology

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    Inherited from Sanskrit कर्मन् (karman).

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    काम (kām)

    1. work, act
    2. job, occupation
    3. lust, sexual passion, desire

    Pali

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    Alternative forms

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    Noun

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    काम m

    1. Devanagari script form of kāma (lust)

    Declension

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    Sanskrit

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    Alternative scripts

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    Etymology

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    From Proto-Indo-Iranian *káHmas (desire), from Proto-Indo-European *kóh₂-mo-s, from *keh₂- (to desire, wish). Cognate to Avestan 𐬐𐬁𐬨𐬀 (kāma, desire), Persian کام (kâm, desire). Wider cognates include Latin cārus, whence French cher and English charity, and English whore.

    Pronunciation

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    Noun

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    काम (kā́ma) stemm

    1. wish, desire, longing
    2. love, affection, object of desire or of love or of pleasure
    3. pleasure, enjoyment
    4. love, especially sexual love or sensuality
    5. Love or Desire personified

    Declension

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    Masculine a-stem declension of काम (kā́ma)
    Singular Dual Plural
    Nominative कामः
    kā́maḥ
    कामौ / कामा¹
    kā́mau / kā́mā¹
    कामाः / कामासः¹
    kā́māḥ / kā́māsaḥ¹
    Vocative काम
    kā́ma
    कामौ / कामा¹
    kā́mau / kā́mā¹
    कामाः / कामासः¹
    kā́māḥ / kā́māsaḥ¹
    Accusative कामम्
    kā́mam
    कामौ / कामा¹
    kā́mau / kā́mā¹
    कामान्
    kā́mān
    Instrumental कामेन
    kā́mena
    कामाभ्याम्
    kā́mābhyām
    कामैः / कामेभिः¹
    kā́maiḥ / kā́mebhiḥ¹
    Dative कामाय
    kā́māya
    कामाभ्याम्
    kā́mābhyām
    कामेभ्यः
    kā́mebhyaḥ
    Ablative कामात्
    kā́māt
    कामाभ्याम्
    kā́mābhyām
    कामेभ्यः
    kā́mebhyaḥ
    Genitive कामस्य
    kā́masya
    कामयोः
    kā́mayoḥ
    कामानाम्
    kā́mānām
    Locative कामे
    kā́me
    कामयोः
    kā́mayoḥ
    कामेषु
    kā́meṣu
    Notes
    • ¹Vedic

    Derived terms

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    Descendants

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    Proper noun

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    काम (kāma) stemm

    1. (Hinduism) Kamadeva, the god of love

    Declension

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    Masculine a-stem declension of काम (kāma)
    Singular Dual Plural
    Nominative कामः
    kāmaḥ
    कामौ / कामा¹
    kāmau / kāmā¹
    कामाः / कामासः¹
    kāmāḥ / kāmāsaḥ¹
    Vocative काम
    kāma
    कामौ / कामा¹
    kāmau / kāmā¹
    कामाः / कामासः¹
    kāmāḥ / kāmāsaḥ¹
    Accusative कामम्
    kāmam
    कामौ / कामा¹
    kāmau / kāmā¹
    कामान्
    kāmān
    Instrumental कामेन
    kāmena
    कामाभ्याम्
    kāmābhyām
    कामैः / कामेभिः¹
    kāmaiḥ / kāmebhiḥ¹
    Dative कामाय
    kāmāya
    कामाभ्याम्
    kāmābhyām
    कामेभ्यः
    kāmebhyaḥ
    Ablative कामात्
    kāmāt
    कामाभ्याम्
    kāmābhyām
    कामेभ्यः
    kāmebhyaḥ
    Genitive कामस्य
    kāmasya
    कामयोः
    kāmayoḥ
    कामानाम्
    kāmānām
    Locative कामे
    kāme
    कामयोः
    kāmayoḥ
    कामेषु
    kāmeṣu
    Notes
    • ¹Vedic

    References

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    • Monier Williams (1899) “काम”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, [], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 252.
    • Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “काम”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
    • Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 343