थरथराना

Hindi

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit थरथराय (tharatharāya, root). Ultimately, a reduplication. Compare Punjabi ਥਰਥਰਾਉਣਾ (thartharāuṇā) / تھرتھراؤݨا (thrthrā'oṇā), Gujarati થરથરવું (thartharvũ), Marathi थरथरणे (thartharṇe).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /t̪ʰəɾ.t̪ʰə.ɾɑː.nɑː/, [t̪ʰɐɾ.t̪ʰɐ.ɾäː.näː]

Verb

थरथराना • (thartharānā) (intransitive, Urdu spelling تَھرْتَھرَانَا)

1. to shake, shiver, quake

   आवाज़ सुनते मेरा शरीर थरथरा उठा।

   āvāz sunte merā śarīr thartharā uṭhā.

   On hearing the sound I began to tremble.

Conjugation

Impersonal forms of थरथराना

Undeclined
Stem		थरथरा thartharā
Infinitive		थरथराना thartharānā
Oblique Infinitive		थरथराने thartharāne
Conjunctive		थरथराकर, थरथराके thartharākar, thartharāke
Progressive		थरथराते-थरथराते thartharāte-thartharāte
Participles
		dir m s	m p obl m s	f s	f p
Infinitive		थरथराना thartharānā	थरथराने thartharāne	थरथरानी thartharānī	थरथरानीं thartharānī̃
Habitual		थरथराता thartharātā	थरथराते thartharāte	थरथराती thartharātī	थरथरातीं thartharātī̃
Perfective		थरथराया thartharāyā	थरथराये1 thartharāye1	थरथरायी1 thartharāyī1	थरथरायीं1 thartharāyī̃1
Prospective Agentive		थरथरानेवाला thartharānevālā	थरथरानेवाले thartharānevāle	थरथरानेवाली thartharānevālī	थरथरानेवालीं thartharānevālī̃
Adjectival	Perfective	थरथराया हुआ thartharāyā huā	थरथराये हुए1 thartharāye hue1	थरथरायी हुई1 thartharāyī huī1	थरथरायी हुईं1 thartharāyī huī̃1
	Habitual	थरथराता हुआ thartharātā huā	थरथराते हुए thartharāte hue	थरथराती हुई thartharātī huī	थरथराती हुईं thartharātī huī̃

¹The participles थरथराये (thartharāye), थरथरायी (thartharāyī) and थरथरायीं (thartharāyī̃) can also be spelled without the y: थरथराए (thartharāe), थरथराई (thartharāī) and थरथराईं (thartharāī̃).

Personal forms of थरथराना

Non-Aspectual
			Singular			Plural
			1st मैं	2nd तू	3rd यह/वह, ये/वो	2nd तुम	1st हम	3rd, 2nd ये/वो/वे, आप
Indicative	PERF	m	थरथराया thartharāyā			थरथराये1 thartharāye1
		f	थरथरायी1 thartharāyī1				थरथरायीं1 thartharāyī̃1
	FUT	m	थरथराऊँगा thartharāūṅgā	थरथरायेगा4 thartharāyegā4		थरथराओगे thartharāoge	थरथरायेंगे4 thartharāyeṅge4
		f	थरथराऊँगी thartharāūṅgī	थरथरायेगी4 thartharāyegī4		थरथराओगी thartharāogī	थरथरायेंगी4 thartharāyeṅgī4
Subjunctive	FUT	m f	थरथराऊँ thartharāū̃	थरथराये2 thartharāye2		थरथराओ thartharāo	थरथरायें2 thartharāyẽ2
Contrafactual	PST	m	थरथराता thartharātā			थरथराते thartharāte
		f	थरथराती thartharātī				थरथरातीं thartharātī̃
Imperative	PRS	m f		थरथरा thartharā		थरथराओ thartharāo		थरथराइये3 thartharāiye3
	FUT	m f		थरथराइयो thartharāiyo		थरथराना thartharānā		थरथराइयेगा3 thartharāiyegā3
Habitual Aspect
Indicative	PRS	m	थरथराता हूँ thartharātā hū̃	थरथराता है thartharātā hai		थरथराते हो thartharāte ho	थरथराते हैं thartharāte ha͠i
		f	थरथराती हूँ thartharātī hū̃	थरथराती है thartharātī hai		थरथराती हो thartharātī ho	थरथराती हैं thartharātī ha͠i
	PST	m	थरथराता था thartharātā thā			थरथराते थे thartharāte the
		f	थरथराती थी thartharātī thī				थरथराती थीं thartharātī thī̃
Presumptive	PRS PST	m	थरथराता हूँगा thartharātā hūṅgā	थरथराता होगा thartharātā hogā		थरथराते होगे thartharāte hoge	थरथराते होंगे thartharāte hoṅge
		f	थरथराती हूँगी thartharātī hūṅgī	थरथराती होगी thartharātī hogī		थरथराती होगी thartharātī hogī	थरथराती होंगी thartharātī hoṅgī
Subjunctive	PRS	m	थरथराता हूँ thartharātā hū̃	थरथराता हो thartharātā ho		थरथराते हो thartharāte ho	थरथराते हों thartharāte hõ
		f	थरथराती हूँ thartharātī hū̃	थरथराती हो thartharātī ho		थरथराती हो thartharātī ho	थरथराती हों thartharātī hõ
Contrafactual	PST	m	थरथराता होता thartharātā hotā			थरथराते होते thartharāte hote
		f	थरथराती होती thartharātī hotī				थरथराती होतीं thartharātī hotī̃
Perfective Aspect
			Singular			Plural
			1st मैं	2nd तू	3rd यह/वह, ये/वो	2nd तुम	1st हम	3rd, 2nd ये/वो/वे, आप
Indicative	PRS	m	थरथराया हूँ thartharāyā hū̃	थरथराया है thartharāyā hai		थरथराये हो1 thartharāye ho1	थरथराये हैं1 thartharāye ha͠i1
		f	थरथरायी हूँ1 thartharāyī hū̃1	थरथरायी है1 thartharāyī hai1		थरथरायी हो1 thartharāyī ho1	थरथरायी हैं1 thartharāyī ha͠i1
	PST	m	थरथराया था thartharāyā thā			थरथराये थे1 thartharāye the1
		f	थरथरायी थी1 thartharāyī thī1				थरथरायी थीं1 thartharāyī thī̃1
	FUT	m	थरथराया हूँगा thartharāyā hūṅgā	थरथराया होगा thartharāyā hogā		थरथराये होगे1 thartharāye hoge1	थरथराये होंगे1 thartharāye hoṅge1
		f	थरथरायी हूँगी1 thartharāyī hūṅgī1	थरथरायी होगी1 thartharāyī hogī1		थरथरायी होगी1 thartharāyī hogī1	थरथरायी होंगी1 thartharāyī hoṅgī1
Presumptive	PRS PST	m	थरथराया हूँगा thartharāyā hūṅgā	थरथराया होगा thartharāyā hogā		थरथराये होगे1 thartharāye hoge1	थरथराये होंगे1 thartharāye hoṅge1
		f	थरथरायी हूँगी1 thartharāyī hūṅgī1	थरथरायी होगी1 thartharāyī hogī1		थरथरायी होगी1 thartharāyī hogī1	थरथरायी होंगी1 thartharāyī hoṅgī1
Subjunctive	PRS	m	थरथराया हूँ thartharāyā hū̃	थरथराया हो thartharāyā ho		थरथराये हो1 thartharāye ho1	थरथराये हों1 thartharāye hõ1
		f	थरथरायी हूँ1 thartharāyī hū̃1	थरथरायी हो1 thartharāyī ho1		थरथरायी हो1 thartharāyī ho1	थरथरायी हों1 thartharāyī hõ1
	FUT	m	थरथराया होऊँ thartharāyā hoū̃	थरथराया होए thartharāyā hoe		थरथराये होओ1 thartharāye hoo1	थरथराये होएँ1 thartharāye hoẽ1
		f	थरथरायी होऊँ1 thartharāyī hoū̃1	थरथरायी होए1 thartharāyī hoe1		थरथरायी होओ1 thartharāyī hoo1	थरथरायी होएँ1 thartharāyī hoẽ1
Contrafactual	PST	m	थरथराया होता thartharāyā hotā			थरथराये होते1 thartharāye hote1
		f	थरथरायी होती1 thartharāyī hotī1				थरथरायी होतीं1 thartharāyī hotī̃1
Progressive Aspect
Indicative	PRS	m	थरथरा रहा हूँ thartharā rahā hū̃	थरथरा रहा है thartharā rahā hai		थरथरा रहे हो thartharā rahe ho	थरथरा रहे हैं thartharā rahe ha͠i
		f	थरथरा रही हूँ thartharā rahī hū̃	थरथरा रही है thartharā rahī hai		थरथरा रही हो thartharā rahī ho	थरथरा रही हैं thartharā rahī ha͠i
	PST	m	थरथरा रहा था thartharā rahā thā			थरथरा रहे थे thartharā rahe the
		f	थरथरा रही थी thartharā rahī thī				थरथरा रही थीं thartharā rahī thī̃
	FUT	m	थरथरा रहा हूँगा thartharā rahā hūṅgā	थरथरा रहा होगा thartharā rahā hogā		थरथरा रहे होगे thartharā rahe hoge	थरथरा रहे होंगे thartharā rahe hoṅge
		f	थरथरा रही हूँगी thartharā rahī hūṅgī	थरथरा रही होगी thartharā rahī hogī		थरथरा रही होगी thartharā rahī hogī	थरथरा रही होंगी thartharā rahī hoṅgī
Presumptive	PRS PST FUT	m	थरथरा रहा हूँगा thartharā rahā hūṅgā	थरथरा रहा होगा thartharā rahā hogā		थरथरा रहे होगे thartharā rahe hoge	थरथरा रहे होंगे thartharā rahe hoṅge
		f	थरथरा रही हूँगी thartharā rahī hūṅgī	थरथरा रही होगी thartharā rahī hogī		थरथरा रही होगी thartharā rahī hogī	थरथरा रही होंगी thartharā rahī hoṅgī
Subjunctive	PRS	m	थरथरा रहा हूँ thartharā rahā hū̃	थरथरा रहा हो thartharā rahā ho		थरथरा रहे हो thartharā rahe ho	थरथरा रहे हों thartharā rahe hõ
		f	थरथरा रही हूँ thartharā rahī hū̃	थरथरा रही हो thartharā rahī ho		थरथरा रही हो thartharā rahī ho	थरथरा रही हों thartharā rahī hõ
	FUT	m	थरथरा रहा होऊँ thartharā rahā hoū̃	थरथरा रहा होए thartharā rahā hoe		थरथरा रहे होओ thartharā rahe hoo	थरथरा रहे होएँ thartharā rahe hoẽ
		f	थरथरा रही होऊँ thartharā rahī hoū̃	थरथरा रही होए thartharā rahī hoe		थरथरा रही होओ thartharā rahī hoo	थरथरा रही होएँ thartharā rahī hoẽ
Contrafactual	PST	m	थरथरा रहा होता thartharā rahā hotā			थरथरा रहे होते thartharā rahe hote
		f	थरथरा रही होती thartharā rahī hotī				थरथरा रही होतीं thartharā rahī hotī̃
			1st मैं	2nd तू	3rd यह/वह, ये/वो	2nd तुम	1st हम	3rd, 2nd ये/वो/वे, आप
			Singular			Plural

¹The participles थरथराये (thartharāye), थरथरायी (thartharāyī) and थरथरायीं (thartharāyī̃) can also be spelled without the y: थरथराए (thartharāe), थरथराई (thartharāī) and थरथराईं (thartharāī̃).
²The forms थरथराये (thartharāye) and थरथरायें (thartharāyẽ) can also be spelled without the y: थरथराए (thartharāe) and थरथराएँ (thartharāẽ).
³The forms थरथरािये (thartharāiye) and थरथराियेगा (thartharāiyegā) can also be spelled without the y: थरथरािए (thartharāie) and थरथरािएगा (thartharāiegā).
⁴The forms थरथरायेगा (thartharāyegā), थरथरायेंगे (thartharāyeṅge), थरथरायेगी (thartharāyegī) and थरथरायेंगी (thartharāyeṅgī) can also be spelled without the y: थरथराएगा (thartharāegā), थरथराएँगे (thartharāeṅge), थरथराएगी (thartharāegī) and थरथराएँगी (thartharāeṅgī).

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “थरथराना”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “*thar”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press