दूध

See also: दुध and द्ध

Hindi

Etymology

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀤𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥 (duddha), from Sanskrit दुग्ध (dugdhá), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰugdʰás, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰugʰ-tó-s, from *dʰewgʰ- (“to yield”). Doublet of दुग्ध (dugdh).

Cognate with Rohingya dut / 𐴊𐴟𐴃𐴢 (dut), Sylheti ꠖꠥꠗ (dudó), Assamese দুধ (dudh), Odia ଦୁଧ (dudha), Bengali দুধ (dudh), Nepali दुध (dudh), Konkani दूद (dūd), Gujarati દૂધ (dūdh), Malvi दूद (dūd), Marwari दूध (dūdh), Mewari दूद (dūd), Punjabi ਦੁੱਧ (duddha), Romani thud, Sinhalese දුදු (dudu), Marathi दूध (dūdh), Kashmiri دۄد (dọd), Kannada ದುಗ್ಧ (dugdha), Tamil துத்தம் (tuttam).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /d̪uːd̪ʱ/

Noun

दूध • (dūdh) m (Urdu spelling دودھ)

1. milk

   Synonyms: शीर (śīr), दुग्ध (dugdh)

Declension

Declension of दूध (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	दूध dūdh	दूध dūdh
oblique	दूध dūdh	दूधों dūdhõ
vocative	दूध dūdh	दूधो dūdho

Descendants

• → Gulf Arabic: ديد (dēd)

References

• Goto, Toshifumi (2013) Old Indo-Aryan Morphology and its Indo-Iranian Background (Veroffentlichungen zur Iranistik; 60)‎^[2], Vienna: Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, →ISBN, § 3.8.3. verbal adjectives, page 139
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “दूध”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “dugdha”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Marathi

गायीचे दूध

Etymology

Inherited from Old Marathi दूध (dūdha), Maharastri Prakrit 𑀤𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥 (duddha), from Sanskrit दुग्ध (dugdha).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /d̪ud̪ʱ/, [d̪uːd̪ʱ]

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

दूध • (dūdh) n

1. milk
2. the milky sap of plants
3. an emulsion of the cocoanut or other oily kernels or seeds
4. the early white substance in the ear which grows and hardens into rice
5. bubby

References

• Molesworth, James Thomas (1857) “दूध”, in A dictionary, Marathi and English, Bombay: Printed for government at the Bombay Education Society's Press
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “dugdhá”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press

Marwari

Alternative forms

• दूद (dūd)

Etymology

Inherited from Old Gujarati दूध (dūdha), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀤𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥 (duddha), from Sanskrit दुग्ध (dugdhá), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *dugdʰás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dʰugdʰás, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰugʰ-tó-s. Cognate with Gujarati દૂધ (dūdh).

Noun

दूध (dūdh) m

1. milk

References

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “dugdha”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
• “दूध”, in राजस्थानी सबदकोस [rājasthānī sabadkos], charans.org, 2025
• “दूध”, in Marwari Dictionary, SIL International, 2015

Nepali

Alternative forms

• दुद (dud), दुध (dudh)

Etymology

Inherited from Sanskrit दुग्ध (dugdha).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [d̪ud̪]
• Phonetic Devanagari: दुद्

Noun

दूध • (dūdh)

1. milk

   Synonym: ओलन (olan)

2. breast

   Synonyms: स्तन (stan), कुच (kuc)

3. the milky sap of plants

   Synonym: चोप (cop)

Declension

Declension of दूध
	Singular
nominative	दूध [d̪ud̪]
accusative	दूधलाई [d̪ud̪läi]
instrumental/ergative	दूधले [d̪ud̪le]
dative	दूधलाई [d̪ud̪läi]
ablative	दूधबाट [d̪ud̪̚bäʈʌ]
genitive	दूधको [d̪ud̪̚ko]
locative	दूधमा [d̪ud̪mä]
Notes: -को (-ko) becomes: -का (-kā) when followed by a plural noun. -की (-kī) when followed by a feminine noun.

Derived terms

• दूध फाट्नु (dūdh phāṭnu)

Further reading

• Schmidt, Ruth L. (1993) “दूध”, in A Practical Dictionary of Modern Nepali, Ratna Sagar
• “दूध”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (nepālī br̥hat śabdakoś) [Comprehensive Nepali Dictionary]‎^[3], Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018

Old Gujarati

Alternative forms

• दुध (dudha)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *dʰugʰ-tó-s

Sanskrit दुग्ध (dugdha)

Prakrit 𑀤𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥 (duddha)

Old Gujarati दूध (dūdha)

Inherited from Prakrit 𑀤𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥 (duddha), from Sanskrit दुग्ध (dugdha), from Proto-Indo-European *dʰugʰ-tó-s. Cognate with Old Marathi दूध (dūdha).

Noun

दूध • (dūdha) n sg (instrumental)

1. milk

Descendants

• Gujarati: દૂધ (dūdh)
• Malvi: दूद (dūd), दूँद (dū̃d)
• Marwari: दूध (dūdh)
• Mewari: दूद (dūd)

References

• Ernest Bender (1951) Nalarāyadavadantīcarita [Adventures of King Nala and Davadantī], Independence Square, Philadelphia: American Philosophical Society, page 353.