बिल
Hindi edit
Pronunciation edit
Etymology 1 edit
Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀩𑀺𑀮 (bila), from Sanskrit बिल (bíla). Cognate with Assamese বিল (bil, “lake”) and Marathi बीळ (bīḷ, “hole”).
Noun edit
बिल • (bil) m (Urdu spelling بِل)
Declension edit
Declension of बिल (masc cons-stem)
Etymology 2 edit
Noun edit
बिल • (bil) m (Urdu spelling بِل)
Declension edit
Declension of बिल (masc cons-stem)
Synonyms edit
- प्राप्यक (prāpyak)
References edit
- McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “बिल”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
Old Gujarati edit
Etymology edit
Noun edit
बिल • (bila)
Pali edit
Alternative forms edit
Alternative forms
Noun edit
बिल n
- Devanagari script form of bila
Declension edit
Declension table of "बिल" (neuter)
| Case \ Number | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative (first) | बिलं (bilaṃ) | बिलानि (bilāni) |
| Accusative (second) | बिलं (bilaṃ) | बिलानि (bilāni) |
| Instrumental (third) | बिलेन (bilena) | बिलेहि (bilehi) or बिलेभि (bilebhi) |
| Dative (fourth) | बिलस्स (bilassa) or बिलाय (bilāya) or बिलत्थं (bilatthaṃ) | बिलानं (bilānaṃ) |
| Ablative (fifth) | बिलस्मा (bilasmā) or बिलम्हा (bilamhā) or बिला (bilā) | बिलेहि (bilehi) or बिलेभि (bilebhi) |
| Genitive (sixth) | बिलस्स (bilassa) | बिलानं (bilānaṃ) |
| Locative (seventh) | बिलस्मिं (bilasmiṃ) or बिलम्हि (bilamhi) or बिले (bile) | बिलेसु (bilesu) |
| Vocative (calling) | बिल (bila) | बिलानि (bilāni) |
Sanskrit edit
Alternative scripts edit
Alternative scripts
- বিল (Assamese script)
- ᬩᬶᬮ (Balinese script)
- বিল (Bengali script)
- 𑰤𑰰𑰩 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀩𑀺𑀮 (Brahmi script)
- ဗိလ (Burmese script)
- બિલ (Gujarati script)
- ਬਿਲ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌬𑌿𑌲 (Grantha script)
- ꦧꦶꦭ (Javanese script)
- 𑂥𑂱𑂪 (Kaithi script)
- ಬಿಲ (Kannada script)
- ពិល (Khmer script)
- ພິລ (Lao script)
- ബില (Malayalam script)
- ᠪᡳᠯᠠ (Manchu script)
- 𑘤𑘱𑘩 (Modi script)
- ᠪᠢᠯᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧄𑧒𑧉 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐧𑐶𑐮 (Newa script)
- ବିଲ (Odia script)
- ꢨꢶꢭ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆧𑆴𑆬 (Sharada script)
- 𑖤𑖰𑖩 (Siddham script)
- බිල (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩲𑩑𑩽 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚠𑚮𑚥 (Takri script)
- பி³ல (Tamil script)
- బిల (Telugu script)
- พิล (Thai script)
- བི་ལ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒥𑒱𑒪 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨠𑨁𑨬 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology edit
Of unclear origin.[1]
Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *bel- (“to dig, cut off?”) and connected with Irish bealach (“way, road”), Welsh bwlch (“gap, pass”), and Old Armenian պեղեմ (pełem, “to dig, hollow”).[2][3] However, Mayrhofer is skeptical of this derivation, and prefers to take the word as a Dravidian borrowing (as per Burrow, Kuiper, and Turner), comparing Malayalam വിള്ളല് (viḷḷalŭ, “crack, cavity”) and Tamil விள்ளு (viḷḷu, “to burst open”)[4][5]
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
बिल • (bíla) stem, n
Declension edit
| Neuter a-stem declension of बिल (bíla) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | बिलम् bílam |
बिले bíle |
बिलानि / बिला¹ bílāni / bílā¹ |
| Vocative | बिल bíla |
बिले bíle |
बिलानि / बिला¹ bílāni / bílā¹ |
| Accusative | बिलम् bílam |
बिले bíle |
बिलानि / बिला¹ bílāni / bílā¹ |
| Instrumental | बिलेन bílena |
बिलाभ्याम् bílābhyām |
बिलैः / बिलेभिः¹ bílaiḥ / bílebhiḥ¹ |
| Dative | बिलाय bílāya |
बिलाभ्याम् bílābhyām |
बिलेभ्यः bílebhyaḥ |
| Ablative | बिलात् bílāt |
बिलाभ्याम् bílābhyām |
बिलेभ्यः bílebhyaḥ |
| Genitive | बिलस्य bílasya |
बिलयोः bílayoḥ |
बिलानाम् bílānām |
| Locative | बिले bíle |
बिलयोः bílayoḥ |
बिलेषु bíleṣu |
| Notes |
| ||
Descendants edit
- → Tamil: பிலம் (pilam)
References edit
- Monier Williams (1899) “बिल”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 732/1.
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan][1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 225
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 96
- ^ Petersson, Herbert (1916) “Beiträge zur armenischen Wortkunde”, in Zeitschrift für vergleichende Sprachforschung (in German), volume 47, number 3/4, pages 264–265
- ^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1963) Kurzgefasstes Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindischen [A Concise Etymological Sanskrit Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 431-2
- ^ Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “bila”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press