भेषज

Hindi edit

Etymology edit

Borrowed from Sanskrit भेषज (bheṣaja).

Pronunciation edit

(Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /bʱeː.ʂəd͡ʒ/, [bʱeː.ʃɐd͡ʒ]

Noun edit

भेषज • (bheṣaj) m

(medicine) a pharmaceutical, a medicine
Synonyms: औषध (auṣadh), दवा (davā), दवाई (davāī)

Declension edit

Declension of भेषज (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	भेषज bheṣaj	भेषज bheṣaj
oblique	भेषज bheṣaj	भेषजों bheṣajõ
vocative	भेषज bheṣaj	भेषजो bheṣajo

Sanskrit edit

Alternative scripts edit

Alternative scripts

ভেষজ (Assamese script)
ᬪᬾᬱᬚ (Balinese script)
ভেষজ (Bengali script)
𑰥𑰸𑰬𑰕 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀪𑁂𑀱𑀚 (Brahmi script)
ဘေၑဇ (Burmese script)
ભેષજ (Gujarati script)
ਭੇਸ਼ਜ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌭𑍇𑌷𑌜 (Grantha script)
ꦨꦺꦰꦗ (Javanese script)
𑂦𑂵𑂭𑂔 (Kaithi script)
ಭೇಷಜ (Kannada script)
ភេឞជ (Khmer script)
ເຠຩຊ (Lao script)
ഭേഷജ (Malayalam script)
ᢨᡝᢢᠠᡯᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘥𑘹𑘬𑘕 (Modi script)
ᠪᠾᠧᢔᠠᠽᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑧅𑧚𑧌𑦵 (Nandinagari script)
𑐨𑐾𑐲𑐖 (Newa script)
ଭେଷଜ (Odia script)
ꢩꢾꢰꢙ (Saurashtra script)
𑆨𑆼𑆰𑆘 (Sharada script)
𑖥𑖸𑖬𑖕 (Siddham script)
භෙෂජ (Sinhalese script)
𑩳𑩔𑪀𑩣 (Soyombo script)
𑚡𑚲𑚑 (Takri script)
பே⁴ஷஜ (Tamil script)
భేషజ (Telugu script)
เภษช (Thai script)
བྷེ་ཥ་ཛ (Tibetan script)
𑒦𑒹𑒭𑒖 (Tirhuta script)
𑨡𑨄𑨯𑨥 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology edit

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰayšaȷ́ás (“healing, curative”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬠𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬀𐬰𐬀 (baēšaza, “curative”).

Pronunciation edit

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /bʱɐj.ʂɐ.d͡ʑɐ́/
(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈbʱeː.ʂɐ.d͡ʑɐ/

Adjective edit

भेषज • (bheṣajá) stem

curative, healing, sanative
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.33.7:
  क्व स्य ते रुद्र मृळयाकुर्हस्तो यो अस्ति भेषजो जलाषः ।
  अपभर्ता रपसो दैव्यस्याभी नु मा वृषभ चक्षमीथाः ॥
  kva sya te rudra mṛḷayākurhasto yo asti bheṣajo jalāṣaḥ .
  apabhartā rapaso daivyasyābhī nu mā vṛṣabha cakṣamīthāḥ .
  Where is that gracious hand of thine, O Rudra, the hand that giveth health and bringeth comfort,
  O Remover of the woe that Gods have sent us? Look thou on me with compassion, O Strong One.
- c. 1200 BCE – 1000 BCE, Atharvaveda
- c. 700 BCE – 500 BCE, Aitareya Brāhmaṇa

Declension edit

Masculine a-stem declension of भेषज (bheṣajá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	भेषजः bheṣajáḥ	भेषजौ / भेषजा¹ bheṣajaú / bheṣajā́¹	भेषजाः / भेषजासः¹ bheṣajā́ḥ / bheṣajā́saḥ¹
Vocative	भेषज bhéṣaja	भेषजौ / भेषजा¹ bhéṣajau / bhéṣajā¹	भेषजाः / भेषजासः¹ bhéṣajāḥ / bhéṣajāsaḥ¹
Accusative	भेषजम् bheṣajám	भेषजौ / भेषजा¹ bheṣajaú / bheṣajā́¹	भेषजान् bheṣajā́n
Instrumental	भेषजेन bheṣajéna	भेषजाभ्याम् bheṣajā́bhyām	भेषजैः / भेषजेभिः¹ bheṣajaíḥ / bheṣajébhiḥ¹
Dative	भेषजाय bheṣajā́ya	भेषजाभ्याम् bheṣajā́bhyām	भेषजेभ्यः bheṣajébhyaḥ
Ablative	भेषजात् bheṣajā́t	भेषजाभ्याम् bheṣajā́bhyām	भेषजेभ्यः bheṣajébhyaḥ
Genitive	भेषजस्य bheṣajásya	भेषजयोः bheṣajáyoḥ	भेषजानाम् bheṣajā́nām
Locative	भेषजे bheṣajé	भेषजयोः bheṣajáyoḥ	भेषजेषु bheṣajéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of भेषजा (bheṣajā́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	भेषजा bheṣajā́	भेषजे bheṣajé	भेषजाः bheṣajā́ḥ
Vocative	भेषजे bhéṣaje	भेषजे bhéṣaje	भेषजाः bhéṣajāḥ
Accusative	भेषजाम् bheṣajā́m	भेषजे bheṣajé	भेषजाः bheṣajā́ḥ
Instrumental	भेषजया / भेषजा¹ bheṣajáyā / bheṣajā́¹	भेषजाभ्याम् bheṣajā́bhyām	भेषजाभिः bheṣajā́bhiḥ
Dative	भेषजायै bheṣajā́yai	भेषजाभ्याम् bheṣajā́bhyām	भेषजाभ्यः bheṣajā́bhyaḥ
Ablative	भेषजायाः / भेषजायै² bheṣajā́yāḥ / bheṣajā́yai²	भेषजाभ्याम् bheṣajā́bhyām	भेषजाभ्यः bheṣajā́bhyaḥ
Genitive	भेषजायाः / भेषजायै² bheṣajā́yāḥ / bheṣajā́yai²	भेषजयोः bheṣajáyoḥ	भेषजानाम् bheṣajā́nām
Locative	भेषजायाम् bheṣajā́yām	भेषजयोः bheṣajáyoḥ	भेषजासु bheṣajā́su
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of भेषज (bheṣajá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	भेषजम् bheṣajám	भेषजे bheṣajé	भेषजानि / भेषजा¹ bheṣajā́ni / bheṣajā́¹
Vocative	भेषज bhéṣaja	भेषजे bhéṣaje	भेषजानि / भेषजा¹ bhéṣajāni / bhéṣajā¹
Accusative	भेषजम् bheṣajám	भेषजे bheṣajé	भेषजानि / भेषजा¹ bheṣajā́ni / bheṣajā́¹
Instrumental	भेषजेन bheṣajéna	भेषजाभ्याम् bheṣajā́bhyām	भेषजैः / भेषजेभिः¹ bheṣajaíḥ / bheṣajébhiḥ¹
Dative	भेषजाय bheṣajā́ya	भेषजाभ्याम् bheṣajā́bhyām	भेषजेभ्यः bheṣajébhyaḥ
Ablative	भेषजात् bheṣajā́t	भेषजाभ्याम् bheṣajā́bhyām	भेषजेभ्यः bheṣajébhyaḥ
Genitive	भेषजस्य bheṣajásya	भेषजयोः bheṣajáyoḥ	भेषजानाम् bheṣajā́nām
Locative	भेषजे bheṣajé	भेषजयोः bheṣajáyoḥ	भेषजेषु bheṣajéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Noun edit

भेषज • (bheṣajá) stem, n

medicine, remedy, drug
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 2.33.2:
  त्वादत्तेभी रुद्र शंतमेभिः शतं हिमा अशीय भेषजेभिः ।
  व्यस्मद्द्वेषो वितरं व्यंहो व्यमीवाश्चातयस्वा विषूचीः ॥
  tvādattebhī rudra śaṃtamebhiḥ śataṃ himā aśīya bheṣajebhiḥ .
  vyasmaddveṣo vitaraṃ vyaṃho vyamīvāścātayasvā viṣūcīḥ .
  With the most beneficent medicines which thou givest, Rudra, may I attain a hundred winters.
  Far from us banish enmity and hatred, and to all quarters maladies and trouble.
healing magic, particularly from the Atharvaveda (ŚrS.)

Declension edit

Neuter a-stem declension of भेषज (bheṣajá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	भेषजम् bheṣajám	भेषजे bheṣajé	भेषजानि / भेषजा¹ bheṣajā́ni / bheṣajā́¹
Vocative	भेषज bhéṣaja	भेषजे bhéṣaje	भेषजानि / भेषजा¹ bhéṣajāni / bhéṣajā¹
Accusative	भेषजम् bheṣajám	भेषजे bheṣajé	भेषजानि / भेषजा¹ bheṣajā́ni / bheṣajā́¹
Instrumental	भेषजेन bheṣajéna	भेषजाभ्याम् bheṣajā́bhyām	भेषजैः / भेषजेभिः¹ bheṣajaíḥ / bheṣajébhiḥ¹
Dative	भेषजाय bheṣajā́ya	भेषजाभ्याम् bheṣajā́bhyām	भेषजेभ्यः bheṣajébhyaḥ
Ablative	भेषजात् bheṣajā́t	भेषजाभ्याम् bheṣajā́bhyām	भेषजेभ्यः bheṣajébhyaḥ
Genitive	भेषजस्य bheṣajásya	भेषजयोः bheṣajáyoḥ	भेषजानाम् bheṣajā́nām
Locative	भेषजे bheṣajé	भेषजयोः bheṣajáyoḥ	भेषजेषु bheṣajéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Related terms edit

भिषज् (bhiṣaj)
भिषक्ति (bhiṣakti)
भेषज्य (bheṣajya)
भैषज्य (bhaiṣajya)

References edit

Monier Williams (1899) “भेषज”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0766.