वृद्धि
Hindi edit
Etymology edit
Learned borrowing from Sanskrit वृद्धि (vṛ́ddhi). Doublet of बाढ़ (bāṛh), a tadbhava.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
वृद्धि • (vŕddhi) f (Urdu spelling وردھی)
- increase, growth, augmentation
- Synonym: वर्धन (vardhan)
- lengthening
- gain, profit
- Synonym: फ़ायदा (fāydā)
- (grammar) vrddhi
Declension edit
Declension of वृद्धि (fem i-stem)
References edit
- Platts, John T. (1884), “वृद्धि”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
Sanskrit edit
Alternative scripts edit
Alternative scripts
- ৱৃদ্ধি (Assamese script)
- ᬯᬺᬤ᭄ᬥᬶ (Balinese script)
- বৃদ্ধি (Bengali script)
- 𑰪𑰴𑰟𑰿𑰠𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀯𑀾𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀺 (Brahmi script)
- ဝၖဒ္ဓိ (Burmese script)
- વૃદ્ધિ (Gujarati script)
- ਵ੍ਹਦੑਧਿ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌵𑍃𑌦𑍍𑌧𑌿 (Grantha script)
- ꦮꦽꦢ꧀ꦣꦶ (Javanese script)
- 𑂫𑃂𑂠𑂹𑂡𑂱 (Kaithi script)
- ವೃದ್ಧಿ (Kannada script)
- វ្ឫទ្ធិ (Khmer script)
- ວ຺ຣິທ຺ຘິ (Lao script)
- വൃദ്ധി (Malayalam script)
- ᠸᡵᡳᡩᢡᡳ (Manchu script)
- 𑘪𑘵𑘟𑘿𑘠𑘱 (Modi script)
- ᠸᠷᠢᢑᢑᠾᠢ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧊𑧖𑦿𑧠𑧀𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐰𑐺𑐡𑑂𑐢𑐶 (Newa script)
- ଵୃଦ୍ଧି (Odia script)
- ꢮꢺꢣ꣄ꢤꢶ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆮𑆸𑆢𑇀𑆣𑆴 (Sharada script)
- 𑖪𑖴𑖟𑖿𑖠𑖰 (Siddham script)
- වෘද්ධි (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩾𑩙𑩭 𑪙𑩮𑩑 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚦𑚛𑚶𑚜𑚮 (Takri script)
- வ்ரித்³தி⁴ (Tamil script)
- వృద్ధి (Telugu script)
- วฺฤทฺธิ (Thai script)
- ཝྲྀ་དྡྷི (Tibetan script)
- 𑒫𑒵𑒠𑓂𑒡𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨭𑨼𑨉𑨛𑩇𑨜𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology edit
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wŕ̥dᶻdʰiš (“growth, increase”), from Proto-Indo-European *wérdʰ-ti-s ~ *wr̥dʰ-téy-s. Synchronically, from the root वृध् (vṛdh, “to grow”) + -ति (-ti). See वृद्ध (vṛddha) and वर्धति (vardhati) for cognates.
Pronunciation edit
Noun edit
वृद्धि • (vṛ́ddhi) stem, f
- growth, increase, augmentation, prolongation
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.10.12:
- परि॑ त्वा गिर्वणो॒ गिर॑ इ॒मा भ॑वन्तु वि॒श्वत॑:।
वृ॒द्धायु॒मनु॒ वृद्ध॑यो॒ जुष्टा॑ भवन्तु॒ जुष्ट॑यः॥- pári tvā girvaṇo gíra imā́ bhavantu viśváta:.
vṛddhā́yumánu vṛ́ddhayo júṣṭā bhavantu júṣṭayaḥ. - May these our praises be on all occasions around you, deserver of praise; may they augment the power of you, who are long-lived, and being agreeable to you, may they yield delight to us.
- pári tvā girvaṇo gíra imā́ bhavantu viśváta:.
- परि॑ त्वा गिर्वणो॒ गिर॑ इ॒मा भ॑वन्तु वि॒श्वत॑:।
- c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) IV.7.2:
- वृद्धिश् च मे सत्यं च मे श्रद्धा च मे
- vṛddhiś ca me satyaṃ ca me śraddhā ca me
- To me [may] growth, truth and faith [be granted]
- वृद्धिश् च मे सत्यं च मे श्रद्धा च मे
- advancement, prosperity, welfare, happiness
- gain, profit
- profit from lending money; interest
- c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti 8.154:
- ऋणं दातुं अशक्तो यः कर्तुं इच्छेत्पुनः क्रियाम् ।
स दत्त्वा निर्जितां वृद्धिं करणं परिवर्तयेत् ।।- ṛṇaṃ dātuṃ aśakto yaḥ kartuṃ icchetpunaḥ kriyām .
sa dattvā nirjitāṃ vṛddhiṃ karaṇaṃ parivartayet .. - He who, unable to pay a debt (at the fixed time), wishes to make a new contract, may renew the agreement, after paying the interest which is due.
- ṛṇaṃ dātuṃ aśakto yaḥ kartuṃ icchetpunaḥ kriyām .
- ऋणं दातुं अशक्तो यः कर्तुं इच्छेत्पुनः क्रियाम् ।
- profit from lending money; interest
- elevation (of the ground)
- swelling
- (grammar) vrddhi
Declension edit
Feminine i-stem declension of वृद्धि (vṛ́ddhi) | |||
---|---|---|---|
Singular | Dual | Plural | |
Nominative | वृद्धिः vṛ́ddhiḥ |
वृद्धी vṛ́ddhī |
वृद्धयः vṛ́ddhayaḥ |
Vocative | वृद्धे vṛ́ddhe |
वृद्धी vṛ́ddhī |
वृद्धयः vṛ́ddhayaḥ |
Accusative | वृद्धिम् vṛ́ddhim |
वृद्धी vṛ́ddhī |
वृद्धीः vṛ́ddhīḥ |
Instrumental | वृद्ध्या / वृद्धी¹ vṛ́ddhyā / vṛ́ddhī¹ |
वृद्धिभ्याम् vṛ́ddhibhyām |
वृद्धिभिः vṛ́ddhibhiḥ |
Dative | वृद्धये / वृद्धी¹ / वृद्ध्यै² vṛ́ddhaye / vṛ́ddhī¹ / vṛ́ddhyai² |
वृद्धिभ्याम् vṛ́ddhibhyām |
वृद्धिभ्यः vṛ́ddhibhyaḥ |
Ablative | वृद्धेः / वृद्ध्याः² vṛ́ddheḥ / vṛ́ddhyāḥ² |
वृद्धिभ्याम् vṛ́ddhibhyām |
वृद्धिभ्यः vṛ́ddhibhyaḥ |
Genitive | वृद्धेः / वृद्ध्याः² vṛ́ddheḥ / vṛ́ddhyāḥ² |
वृद्ध्योः vṛ́ddhyoḥ |
वृद्धीनाम् vṛ́ddhīnām |
Locative | वृद्धौ / वृद्धा¹ / वृद्ध्याम्² vṛ́ddhau / vṛ́ddhā¹ / vṛ́ddhyām² |
वृद्ध्योः vṛ́ddhyoḥ |
वृद्धिषु vṛ́ddhiṣu |
Notes |
|
Descendants edit
- Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀯𑀠𑀺 (vaḍhi /vaḍḍhi/), 𐨬𐨝𐨁 (vaḍhi)
- Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀯𑀼𑀠𑀺 (vuḍhi /vuḍḍhi/)
- Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀯𑀥𑀺 (vadhi /vaddhi/)
- Ashokan Prakrit: 𐨬𐨢𐨿𐨪𐨁 (vadhri)
- Ashokan Prakrit: *viddhi
- Prakrit: 𑀯𑀺𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀺 (viddhi)
- Ashokan Prakrit: *vuddhi
- Prakrit: 𑀯𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀺 (vuddhi)
- Sindhi: اُڌيِ کُٽيِ (udhī-khuṭī, “profit-loss”) (< *vuddhiyā)
- Prakrit: 𑀯𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀥𑀺 (vuddhi)
- Dardic:
- Kashmiri: वड् (waḍ, “profit”)
- Pali: vaḍḍhi, vuḍḍhi, vuddhi
- → English: vṛddhi, vrddhi, vr̥ddhi, vriddhi
- → Hindi: वृद्धि (vŕddhi)
- → Kannada: ವೃದ್ಧಿ (vṛddhi)
- → Tamil: விருத்தி (virutti)
References edit
- Monier Williams (1899), “वृद्धि”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1011.
- Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024), “vṛddhi”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.