वृद्धि

Hindi edit

Etymology edit

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit वृद्धि (vṛ́ddhi). Doublet of बाढ़ (bāṛh), a tadbhava.

Pronunciation edit

  • (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /ʋɾɪd̪.d̪ʱiː/, [ʋɾɪd̪̚.d̪ʱiː]

Noun edit

वृद्धि (vŕddhif (Urdu spelling وردھی)

  1. increase, growth, augmentation
    Synonym: वर्धन (vardhan)
  2. lengthening
  3. gain, profit
    Synonym: फ़ायदा (fāydā)
  4. (grammar) vrddhi

Declension edit

References edit

Sanskrit edit

Alternative scripts edit

Etymology edit

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wŕ̥dᶻdʰiš (growth, increase), from Proto-Indo-European *wérdʰ-ti-s ~ *wr̥dʰ-téy-s. Synchronically, from the root वृध् (vṛdh, to grow) +‎ -ति (-ti). See वृद्ध (vṛddha) and वर्धति (vardhati) for cognates.

Pronunciation edit

Noun edit

वृद्धि (vṛ́ddhi) stemf

  1. growth, increase, augmentation, prolongation
    • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 1.10.12:
      परि॑ त्वा गिर्वणो॒ गिर॑ इ॒मा भ॑वन्तु वि॒श्वत॑:।
      वृ॒द्धायु॒मनु॒ वृद्ध॑यो॒ जुष्टा॑ भवन्तु॒ जुष्ट॑यः॥
      pári tvā girvaṇo gíra imā́ bhavantu viśváta:.
      vṛddhā́yumánu vṛ́ddhayo júṣṭā bhavantu júṣṭayaḥ.
      May these our praises be on all occasions around you, deserver of praise; may they augment the power of you, who are long-lived, and being agreeable to you, may they yield delight to us.
    • c. 1200 BCE – 800 BCE, Kṛṣṇa-Yajurveda (Taittirīya Saṃhitā) IV.7.2:
      वृद्धिश् च मे सत्यं च मे श्रद्धा च मे
      vṛddhiś ca me satyaṃ ca me śraddhā ca me
      To me [may] growth, truth and faith [be granted]
  2. advancement, prosperity, welfare, happiness
  3. gain, profit
    1. profit from lending money; interest
      • c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti 8.154:
        ऋणं दातुं अशक्तो यः कर्तुं इच्छेत्पुनः क्रियाम् ।
        स दत्त्वा निर्जितां वृद्धिं करणं परिवर्तयेत् ।।
        ṛṇaṃ dātuṃ aśakto yaḥ kartuṃ icchetpunaḥ kriyām .
        sa dattvā nirjitāṃ vṛddhiṃ karaṇaṃ parivartayet ..
        He who, unable to pay a debt (at the fixed time), wishes to make a new contract, may renew the agreement, after paying the interest which is due.
  4. elevation (of the ground)
  5. swelling
  6. (grammar) vrddhi

Declension edit

Feminine i-stem declension of वृद्धि (vṛ́ddhi)
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative वृद्धिः
vṛ́ddhiḥ
वृद्धी
vṛ́ddhī
वृद्धयः
vṛ́ddhayaḥ
Vocative वृद्धे
vṛ́ddhe
वृद्धी
vṛ́ddhī
वृद्धयः
vṛ́ddhayaḥ
Accusative वृद्धिम्
vṛ́ddhim
वृद्धी
vṛ́ddhī
वृद्धीः
vṛ́ddhīḥ
Instrumental वृद्ध्या / वृद्धी¹
vṛ́ddhyā / vṛ́ddhī¹
वृद्धिभ्याम्
vṛ́ddhibhyām
वृद्धिभिः
vṛ́ddhibhiḥ
Dative वृद्धये / वृद्धी¹ / वृद्ध्यै²
vṛ́ddhaye / vṛ́ddhī¹ / vṛ́ddhyai²
वृद्धिभ्याम्
vṛ́ddhibhyām
वृद्धिभ्यः
vṛ́ddhibhyaḥ
Ablative वृद्धेः / वृद्ध्याः²
vṛ́ddheḥ / vṛ́ddhyāḥ²
वृद्धिभ्याम्
vṛ́ddhibhyām
वृद्धिभ्यः
vṛ́ddhibhyaḥ
Genitive वृद्धेः / वृद्ध्याः²
vṛ́ddheḥ / vṛ́ddhyāḥ²
वृद्ध्योः
vṛ́ddhyoḥ
वृद्धीनाम्
vṛ́ddhīnām
Locative वृद्धौ / वृद्धा¹ / वृद्ध्याम्²
vṛ́ddhau / vṛ́ddhā¹ / vṛ́ddhyām²
वृद्ध्योः
vṛ́ddhyoḥ
वृद्धिषु
vṛ́ddhiṣu
Notes
  • ¹Vedic
  • ²Later Sanskrit

Descendants edit

References edit

  • Monier Williams (1899), “वृद्धि”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, [], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1011.
  • Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024), “vṛddhi”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.