BhojpuriEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Prakrit 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (amhe, we), from Sanskrit अस्मे (asme, in us). Cognates include Hindi हम (ham) and Assamese আমি (ami).

PronounEdit

हम (ham) (genitive हमार, oblique हमरा)

  1. I

GarhwaliEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Prakrit 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (amhe), from Sanskrit अस्मे (asme, in us). Cognates include Hindi हम (ham) and Assamese আমি (ami).

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

हम (ham)

  1. we

ReferencesEdit

  • Anoop Chandra Chandola (1966) A Synthatic Sketch of Garhwali, University of Chicago press (PhD thesis), page 28

HindiEdit

PronunciationEdit

  • (Delhi Hindi) IPA(key): /ɦəm/, [ɦə̃m]

Etymology 1Edit

Inherited from Old Hindi हम (hama), हंम (haṃma), from Sauraseni Apabhramsa अम्हे (amhe), from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (amhe), from Ashokan Prakrit [Term?], from Sanskrit अस्मे (asme) (locative of वयम् (vayam, we)), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *asmáy, from Proto-Indo-European *n̥smé. Compare Punjabi ਅਸੀਂ (asī̃), Assamese আমি (ami), Bengali আমি (ami), Marathi आम्ही (āmhī), Konkani आमि.

PronounEdit

हम (hamm or f (Urdu spelling ہم‎)

  1. we: first-person plural personal pronoun, plural of मैं (ma͠i)
    हम बहुत पहले से एक-दूसरे को जानते हैं।
    ham bahut pahle se ek-dūsre ko jānte ha͠i.
    We've known each other for a long time.
  2. (Varanasi, Awadh, colloquial in Standard Hindi) I: first-person personal singular personal pronoun
    Synonym: मैं (ma͠i)
Usage notesEdit

Because हम (ham) can mean both "we" and "I", sometimes हम लोग (ham log, we people) is used to specifically denote the plural. Usually context makes it clear when हम (ham) is being used for "we" or for "I". It is inflected and used grammatically the same for both meanings.

Most Eastern Hindi dialects only use हम (ham) as "I", and a variant of हम लोग (ham log) for "we".

DeclensionEdit
Declension of हम
direct हम (ham)
indirect हम (ham)
ergative हमने (hamne)
genitive हमारा (hamārā)
dative हमें (hamẽ) , हमको (hamko)
Derived termsEdit

Etymology 2Edit

Borrowed from Persian هم(ham), from Middle Persian hm (ham), from Old Persian 𐏃𐎶 (hama), from Proto-Iranian *hamHáh, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *samHás, from Proto-Indo-European *somHós. Doublet of सम (sam), a Sanskrit borrowing.

AdverbEdit

हम (ham) (Urdu spelling ہم‎)

  1. (rare) also, as well, likewise

ConjunctionEdit

हम (ham) (Urdu spelling ہم‎)

  1. (rare) whether, either

ReferencesEdit

MaithiliEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Prakrit 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (amhe, we), from Sanskrit अस्मे (asme, in us). Cognates include Hindi हम (ham) and Assamese আমি (ami).

PronunciationEdit

PronounEdit

हम (ham)

  1. I

DeclensionEdit

Declension of हम [ɦəm]
direct हम [ɦəm]
instrumental हमरें [ɦəmᵊɾẽː]हमरें
accusative/postpositional हमरा [ɦəmᵊɾaː]हमरा
dative हमरा [ɦəmᵊɾaː]हमरा हमराल [ɦəmᵊɾaːl]हमराल
genitive हमर [ɦəməɾ]
ergative हमें [ɦəmẽː]

Old HindiEdit

Alternative formsEdit

EtymologyEdit

From Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀅𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (amhe), from Sanskrit अस्मे (asme).

PronounEdit

हम (hama)

  1. we

DescendantsEdit

  • Braj: हम (ham)
  • Hindustani:
    Hindi: हम (ham)
    Urdu: ہم(ham)