ἀφύσσω

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Ohler explained the form as ἀπο- (apo-) + Proto-Indo-European *h₂ews- (“to draw liquids, scoop”), the same root of Latin hauriō (“to draw, drain”), which is quite possible.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /a.pʰýs.sɔː/ → /aˈɸys.so/ → /aˈfi.so/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /a.pʰýs.sɔː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /aˈpʰys.so/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /aˈɸys.so/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /aˈfys.so/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /aˈfi.so/

Verb

ἀφῠ́σσω • (aphússō)

1. to draw liquids, decant, especially from a larger vessel with a smaller
2. to sound, probe
3. to tap, draw for oneself, help oneself to

   οὐδέ σ᾽ ὀΐω ἐνθάδ᾽ ἄτιμος ἐὼν ἄφενος καὶ πλοῦτον ἀφύξειν

   But neither do I think that for your sake I will be dishonored so that you can tap riches and wealth (Iliad 1.170)

Inflection

   Present: ἀφῠ́σσω, ἀφῠ́σσομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἀφῠ́σσω	ἀφῠ́σσεις	ἀφῠ́σσει	ἀφῠ́σσετον	ἀφῠ́σσετον	ἀφῠ́σσομεν	ἀφῠ́σσετε	ἀφῠ́σσουσῐ(ν)
	subjunctive	ἀφῠ́σσω	ἀφῠ́σσῃς	ἀφῠ́σσῃ	ἀφῠ́σσητον	ἀφῠ́σσητον	ἀφῠ́σσωμεν	ἀφῠ́σσητε	ἀφῠ́σσωσῐ(ν)
	optative	ἀφῠ́σσοιμῐ	ἀφῠ́σσοις	ἀφῠ́σσοι	ἀφῠ́σσοιτον	ἀφῠσσοίτην	ἀφῠ́σσοιμεν	ἀφῠ́σσοιτε	ἀφῠ́σσοιεν
	imperative		ἄφῠσσε	ἀφῠσσέτω	ἀφῠ́σσετον	ἀφῠσσέτων		ἀφῠ́σσετε	ἀφῠσσόντων
middle/ passive	indicative	ἀφῠ́σσομαι	ἀφῠ́σσῃ, ἀφῠ́σσει	ἀφῠ́σσεται	ἀφῠ́σσεσθον	ἀφῠ́σσεσθον	ἀφῠσσόμεθᾰ	ἀφῠ́σσεσθε	ἀφῠ́σσονται
	subjunctive	ἀφῠ́σσωμαι	ἀφῠ́σσῃ	ἀφῠ́σσηται	ἀφῠ́σσησθον	ἀφῠ́σσησθον	ἀφῠσσώμεθᾰ	ἀφῠ́σσησθε	ἀφῠ́σσωνται
	optative	ἀφῠσσοίμην	ἀφῠ́σσοιο	ἀφῠ́σσοιτο	ἀφῠ́σσοισθον	ἀφῠσσοίσθην	ἀφῠσσοίμεθᾰ	ἀφῠ́σσοισθε	ἀφῠ́σσοιντο
	imperative		ἀφῠ́σσου	ἀφῠσσέσθω	ἀφῠ́σσεσθον	ἀφῠσσέσθων		ἀφῠ́σσεσθε	ἀφῠσσέσθων
		active				middle/passive
infinitive		ἀφῠ́σσειν				ἀφῠ́σσεσθαι
participle	m	ἀφῠ́σσων				ἀφῠσσόμενος
	f	ἀφῠ́σσουσᾰ				ἀφῠσσομένη
	n	ἀφῠ́σσον				ἀφῠσσόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Future: φῠ́ξω, φῠ́ξομαι, φῠχθήσομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	φῠ́ξω	φῠ́ξεις	φῠ́ξει	φῠ́ξετον	φῠ́ξετον	φῠ́ξομεν	φῠ́ξετε	φῠ́ξουσῐ(ν)
	optative	φῠ́ξοιμῐ	φῠ́ξοις	φῠ́ξοι	φῠ́ξοιτον	φῠξοίτην	φῠ́ξοιμεν	φῠ́ξοιτε	φῠ́ξοιεν
middle	indicative	φῠ́ξομαι	φῠ́ξῃ, φῠ́ξει	φῠ́ξεται	φῠ́ξεσθον	φῠ́ξεσθον	φῠξόμεθᾰ	φῠ́ξεσθε	φῠ́ξονται
	optative	φῠξοίμην	φῠ́ξοιο	φῠ́ξοιτο	φῠ́ξοισθον	φῠξοίσθην	φῠξοίμεθᾰ	φῠ́ξοισθε	φῠ́ξοιντο
passive	indicative	φῠχθήσομαι	φῠχθήσῃ	φῠχθήσεται	φῠχθήσεσθον	φῠχθήσεσθον	φῠχθησόμεθᾰ	φῠχθήσεσθε	φῠχθήσονται
	optative	φῠχθησοίμην	φῠχθήσοιο	φῠχθήσοιτο	φῠχθήσοισθον	φῠχθησοίσθην	φῠχθησοίμεθᾰ	φῠχθήσοισθε	φῠχθήσοιντο
		active			middle		passive
infinitive		φῠ́ξειν			φῠ́ξεσθαι		φῠχθήσεσθαι
participle	m	φῠ́ξων			φῠξόμενος		φῠχθησόμενος
	f	φῠ́ξουσᾰ			φῠξομένη		φῠχθησομένη
	n	φῠ́ξον			φῠξόμενον		φῠχθησόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: ἤφῠξᾰ, ἠφῠξᾰ́μην, ἠφῠ́χθην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
active	indicative	ἤφῠξᾰ	ἤφῠξᾰς	ἤφῠξε(ν)	ἠφῠ́ξᾰτον	ἠφῠξᾰ́την	ἠφῠ́ξᾰμεν	ἠφῠ́ξᾰτε	ἤφῠξᾰν
	subjunctive	φῠ́ξω	φῠ́ξῃς	φῠ́ξῃ	φῠ́ξητον	φῠ́ξητον	φῠ́ξωμεν	φῠ́ξητε	φῠ́ξωσῐ(ν)
	optative	φῠ́ξαιμῐ	φῠ́ξειᾰς, φῠ́ξαις	φῠ́ξειε(ν), φῠ́ξαι	φῠ́ξαιτον	φῠξαίτην	φῠ́ξαιμεν	φῠ́ξαιτε	φῠ́ξειᾰν, φῠ́ξαιεν
	imperative		φῠ́ξον	φῠξᾰ́τω	φῠ́ξᾰτον	φῠξᾰ́των		φῠ́ξᾰτε	φῠξᾰ́ντων
middle	indicative	ἠφῠξᾰ́μην	ἠφῠ́ξω	ἠφῠ́ξᾰτο	ἠφῠ́ξᾰσθον	ἠφῠξᾰ́σθην	ἠφῠξᾰ́μεθᾰ	ἠφῠ́ξᾰσθε	ἠφῠ́ξᾰντο
	subjunctive	φῠ́ξωμαι	φῠ́ξῃ	φῠ́ξηται	φῠ́ξησθον	φῠ́ξησθον	φῠξώμεθᾰ	φῠ́ξησθε	φῠ́ξωνται
	optative	φῠξαίμην	φῠ́ξαιο	φῠ́ξαιτο	φῠ́ξαισθον	φῠξαίσθην	φῠξαίμεθᾰ	φῠ́ξαισθε	φῠ́ξαιντο
	imperative		φῠ́ξαι	φῠξᾰ́σθω	φῠ́ξᾰσθον	φῠξᾰ́σθων		φῠ́ξᾰσθε	φῠξᾰ́σθων
passive	indicative	ἠφῠ́χθην	ἠφῠ́χθης	ἠφῠ́χθη	ἠφῠ́χθητον	ἠφῠχθήτην	ἠφῠ́χθημεν	ἠφῠ́χθητε	ἠφῠ́χθησᾰν
	subjunctive	φῠχθῶ	φῠχθῇς	φῠχθῇ	φῠχθῆτον	φῠχθῆτον	φῠχθῶμεν	φῠχθῆτε	φῠχθῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	φῠχθείην	φῠχθείης	φῠχθείη	φῠχθεῖτον, φῠχθείητον	φῠχθείτην, φῠχθειήτην	φῠχθεῖμεν, φῠχθείημεν	φῠχθεῖτε, φῠχθείητε	φῠχθεῖεν, φῠχθείησᾰν
	imperative		φῠ́χθητῐ	φῠχθήτω	φῠ́χθητον	φῠχθήτων		φῠ́χθητε	φῠχθέντων
		active			middle		passive
infinitive		φῠ́ξαι			φῠ́ξᾰσθαι		φῠχθῆναι
participle	m	φῠ́ξᾱς			φῠξᾰ́μενος		φῠχθείς
	f	φῠ́ξᾱσᾰ			φῠξᾰμένη		φῠχθεῖσᾰ
	n	φῠ́ξᾰν			φῠξᾰ́μενον		φῠχθέν
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

• ἀφῠσμός (aphusmós)
• ἀφῠ́στα (aphústa)
• ἀφῠτρῐ́ς (aphutrís)

 

Further reading

• “ἀφύσσω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἀφύσσω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ἀφύσσω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἀφύσσω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἀφύσσω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• ἀφύσσω in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
• Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἀφύσσω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 180