Ἐρυθραία

See also: Ερυθραία

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Feminine of adjective Ἐρυθραῖος (Eruthraîos), ultimately from ἐρυθρός (eruthrós, “red”). Substantivised by ellipsis of a noun e.g. χώρα f (khṓra, “land, country”) for the peninsula of Asia Minor where Ἐρυθραί f (Eruthraí, “the Ionian city of Erythrae”) was situated.
Also, with the sense as in the phrase Ἐρυθρὰ θάλασσα (Eruthrà thálassa) (in Herodous Ἐρυθρὴ θάλασσα (Eruthrḕ thálassa) literally Red Sea.

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /e.ry.tʰrǎi̯.aː/ → /e.ryˈθrɛ.a/ → /e.riˈθre.a/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /e.ry.tʰrǎi̯.aː/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /e.ryˈtʰrɛ.a/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /e.ryˈθrɛ.a/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /e.ryˈθre.a/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /e.riˈθre.a/

Adjective

Ἐρυθραίᾱ • (Eruthraíā)

1. inflection of Ἐρυθραῖος (Eruthraîos):
   1. nominative/vocative singular feminine
   2. nominative/accusative/vocative dual feminine

Proper noun

Ἐρῠθραίᾱ • (Eruthraíā) f (genitive Ἐρῠθραίᾱς); first declension

1. Erythraea, the land of Erythrae

Inflection

First declension of ἡ Ἐρῠθραίᾱ; τῆς Ἐρῠθραίᾱς (Attic)

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	ἡ Ἐρῠθραίᾱ hē Eruthraíā
Genitive	τῆς Ἐρῠθραίᾱς tês Eruthraíās
Dative	τῇ Ἐρῠθραίᾳ têi Eruthraíāi
Accusative	τὴν Ἐρῠθραίᾱν tḕn Eruthraíān
Vocative	Ἐρῠθραίᾱ Eruthraíā
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Descendants

• > Greek: Ερυθραία (Erythraía) (inherited) for the land in Asia Minor
• → Latin: Erythraea
  • → German: Erythräa

For the African country, most other languages' forms of the name derive from the Italian form.

• → Greek: Ερυθραία (Erythraía) for the African country
• Armenian: Էրիտրեա (Ēritrea)
• Belarusian: Эрытрэя (Erytreja)
• Bulgarian: Еритрея (Eritreja)
• Ge'ez: ኤርትራ (ʾertəra) (Ērtrā)
• Georgian: ერიტრეა (eriṭrea)
• Hebrew: אריתריאה (Eritrea)
• Hindi: इरीट्रिया (irīṭriyā)
• Irish: Eiritré
• Japanese: エリトリア (​Eritoria)
• Kazakh: Еритрея (Eritreä)
• Korean: 에리트레아 (eriteurea)
• Northern Kurdish: Erîtrêya
• Latvian: Eritreja
• Lithuanian: Eritrėja
• Macedonian: Еритреја (Eritreja)
• Occitan: Eritrèa
• Pashto: اېرېتېريا
• Polish: Erytrea
• Portuguese: Eritreia
• Romanian: Eritreea
• Russian: Эритрея (Eritreja)
• Serbo-Croatian: Еритреја, Eritreja
• Slovene: Eritreja
• Somali: Elitareeya
• Thai: ประเทศเอริเทรีย
• Ukrainian: Еритрея (Erytreja)

Further reading

• “ἐρυθραῖος”, “Ἐρυθραῖος”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, 2011
• Ἐρυθραία in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette