Ἰησοῦς

See also: Ιησούς

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Hellenized form of Semitic proper name roughly equivalent to Ἰησοῦ (Iēsoû) +‎ -ος (-os); Hellenic case suffixes added to an approximated Greek literal phonetic rendering of Aramaic יֵשׁוּע‎ (Yēšū́ʿ, “Jesus”) and Biblical Hebrew יֵשׁוּעַ‎ (Yēšū́a, “Jesus” or “Joshua”), a syncopated relative of Biblical Hebrew יְהוֹשֻׁעַ‎ (Yĕhōšúa, “Joshua”); ultimately can be traced to Paleo-Hebrew primitive root Biblical Hebrew 𐤉𐤔𐤏‎ (y-š-ʕ, “to deliver, save”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /i.ɛː.sôːs/ → /i.iˈsus/ → /i.iˈsus/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /i.ɛː.sôːs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /i.eˈsus/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /i.iˈsus/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /i.iˈsus/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /i.iˈsus/

Proper noun

Ἰησοῦς • (Iēsoûs) m (genitive Ἰησοῦ); second declension

1. (biblical, Christianity, New Testament) Jesus, Jeshua, Yeshua
2. (biblical, Christianity, Old Testament (Septuagint)) Joshua, Jehoshua, Yehoshua

Usage notes

• The Septuagint uses Ἰησοῖ (Iēsoî) as the dative, while the New Testament uses Ἰησοῦ (Iēsoû). Otherwise declined as a second-declension contracted noun like νοῦς (noûs).

Inflection

Declension of Ἰησοῦς, Ἰησοῦ

Case / #	Singular
Nominative	Ἰησοῦς
Genitive	Ἰησοῦ
Dative	Ἰησοῖ Ἰησοῦ
Accusative	Ἰησοῦν
Vocative	Ἰησοῦ

Descendants

• → Coptic: ⲓⲏⲥⲟⲩⲥ (iēsous)
• → Georgian: იესო (ieso)
• → Gothic: 𐌹𐌴𐍃𐌿𐍃 (iēsus)
• Greek: Ιησούς (Iisoús)
• Hebrew: יֵשׁוּ‎
• → Latin: Iēsūs (see there for further descendants), Jēsūs
  • → English: Jesus
• → Old Armenian: Յիսուս (Yisus)
  • Armenian: Հիսուս (Hisus)
• → Old Church Slavonic: їисоусъ (iisusŭ), исоусъ (isusŭ)
  • → Belarusian: Ісу́с (Isús)
  • Bulgarian: Иису́с (Iisús), Ису́с (Isús)
  • → Japanese: イイスス (Iisusu)
  • → Macedonian: Исус (Isus)
  • → Romanian: Iisus, Isus
  • → Pre-reform Russian: Іисусъ (Iisus)
    • Russian: Иисус (Iisus)
  • → Serbo-Croatian: Ìsus, Ѝсус
  • → Ukrainian: Ісу́с (Isús)

References

• Ἰησοῦς in Liddell & Scott, A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1940
• Ἰησοῦς in Liddell & Scott, An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers, 1889
• Bauer, Walter et al., A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2001
• G2424 in Strong, James, Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible, 1979
• LSJ