⟨ ⟩

See also: ‹ ›, bra-ket, and ⟪ ⟫

Translingual

Symbol

⟨ ⟩

1. (mathematics) Encloses the inner product of two vectors.
2. (mathematics) Denotes the expectation value of something.

Punctuation mark

⟨ ⟩

1. (linguistics) Encloses orthographic representation.
2. (papyrology, epigraphy) Encloses restored writing that was mistakenly omitted by the original scribe.

Usage notes

For these uses, the characters U+27E8 MATHEMATICAL LEFT ANGLE BRACKET and U+27E9 MATHEMATICAL RIGHT ANGLE BRACKET should be used. The characters U+2329 LEFT-POINTING ANGLE BRACKET and U+232A RIGHT-POINTING ANGLE BRACKET are "deprecated and are strongly discouraged for mathematical use because of their canonical equivalence to CJK punctuation."

Alternative forms

• < >

Coordinate terms

• / / (for phonemic representation in linguistics)
• [ ] (for phonetic representation in linguistics)

Chinese

Punctuation mark

〈 〉

1. Encloses titles of books when embedded within a book title.
2. Encloses titles of sections of a book.

See also

• 《 》

Japanese

Punctuation mark

〈 〉

1. Encloses titles of books.