亥
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Translingual edit
Stroke order | |||
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Han character edit
亥 (Kangxi radical 8, 亠+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 卜女竹人 (YVHO), four-corner 00802, composition ⿳亠𠂈人 or ⿱丶𠀔)
Derived characters edit
- 侅 咳 垓 姟 孩 峐 㤥 㧡 晐 核 烗 畡 䀭 硋 絯(𰬓) 胲 該(该) 豥 賅(赅) 䠹 輆(𬨇) 䤤(𫟺) 陔 䬵 駭(骇) 骸 㚊 餩(𱃽) 刻 劾 欬 㱾 郂 頦(颏) 痎 氦 閡(阂) 奒 荄 賌
- 𣴃 𪻞 𮁷 𥞨 𥩲 𦈲 𮌑 𧊏 𮖀 𨀖 𨠳 𮧙 𫠄 𩠚 𩰶 𪠠 𨒨 𮨫 𡲼 𠛳 𢻉 𢼵 𦐤 𠜨 𡭹 𨽷 𡱍 𭈯
References edit
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 88, character 8
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 292
- Dae Jaweon: page 186, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 283, character 5
- Unihan data for U+4EA5
Chinese edit
simp. and trad. |
亥 | |
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2nd round simp. | ⿻⿻一𠃋人 | |
alternative forms | 㐪 𠀅 𢁓 𢁳 𠦇 |
Glyph origin edit
Historical forms of the character 亥 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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References:
Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
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Old Chinese | |
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該 | *kɯː |
垓 | *kɯː |
賅 | *kɯː |
陔 | *kɯː |
豥 | *kɯː, *ɡɯː |
荄 | *kɯː, *krɯː |
郂 | *kɯː |
姟 | *kɯː |
絯 | *kɯː, *ɡrɯːʔ |
晐 | *kɯː |
峐 | *kɯː |
侅 | *kɯː, *kʰɯː, *ɡɯːʔ, *ɡrɯːʔ |
胲 | *kɯː |
頦 | *kɯːʔ, *ɡɯː |
奒 | *kʰɯː |
輆 | *kʰɯːʔ |
欬 | *kʰɯːɡs, *qraːds |
硋 | *ŋɡɯːɡs |
閡 | *ŋɡɯːɡs |
咳 | *qʰɯː, *ɡɯː |
孩 | *ɡɯː |
亥 | *ɡɯːʔ |
劾 | *ɡɯːɡs, *kʰrɯːɡs, *ɡɯːɡ |
痎 | *krɯː |
烗 | *kʰrɯːɡs |
骸 | *ɡrɯː |
駭 | *ɡrɯːʔ |
刻 | *kʰɯːɡ |
餩 | *qɯːɡ |
核 | *ɡuːd, *ɡrɯːɡ |
Pictogram (象形) – depiction uncertain. Some propose it depicts a plant's roots underground, possibly as the original form of 荄 (OC *kɯː, *krɯː). Others propose it is an animal, similar in origin to 豕.
Etymology edit
Smith (2011) groups 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ) in a word-family meaning "root, germ, generative core" along with 荄 (OC *kɯ:, “grassroot”) > 根 (OC *kɯːn, “root”), 核 (OC *ɡrɯːɡ, “germ, kernel”), 骸 (OC *ɡrɯː, “(human) bones”), and 孩 (OC *ɡɯː, “child”). He suggests the derivation 荄根 "germ, sprout, root (n.)" → 孩 "to sprout" → 亥 "sprouting stage", i.e. "the moon’s first appearance", recalling 月芽 lit. "moon sprout" > "crescent moon".
See 核 (hé) for further etymology.
Later 亥 (hài) and 豕 (shǐ, “pig”) graphically converged.
As for 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ)'s phonological association with the pig. Compare the following:
- Khmer កុរ (kol, “year of the pig”), from Angkorian Old Khmer kur.
- Proto-Vietic *guːrʔ (“pig; pork”) or *kuːrʔ (“pig; pork”):
- Thai กุน (gun, “year of the pig”), a loan from Old Khmer.
Ferlus (2013) notes 亥 (OC *ɡɯːʔ) is a possible match to the Austroasiatic root, but there should be a final sonorant in Old Chinese.
Pronunciation edit
Definitions edit
亥
- (obsolete) grass root
- twelfth of twelve earthly branches (十二支)
- pig (豬) of the Chinese zodiac
- a surname
Coordinate terms edit
- (Chinese earthly branches) 地支 (dìzhī); 子, 丑 (chǒu), 寅 (yín), 卯 (mǎo), 辰 (chén), 巳 (sì), 午 (wǔ), 未 (wèi), 申 (shēn), 酉 (yǒu), 戌, 亥 (hài) (Category: zh:Chinese earthly branches)
Compounds edit
See also edit
- 豕 (shǐ)
References edit
- “Entry #2051”, in 臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwan Minnan] (in Mandarin and Taiwanese Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2023.
Japanese edit
Kanji edit
(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)
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Readings edit
Etymology 1 edit
Kanji in this term |
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亥 |
い Jinmeiyō |
kun’yomi |
From 猪 (inoshishi, i, “boar”).
Pronunciation edit
Proper noun edit
- the Boar, the twelfth of the twelve Earthly Branches
Etymology 2 edit
Kanji in this term |
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亥 |
がい Jinmeiyō |
on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 亥 (hojX).
Proper noun edit
- the Boar, the twelfth of the twelve Earthly Branches
Korean edit
Hanja edit
亥 (eum 해 (hae))
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Vietnamese edit
Han character edit
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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