TranslingualEdit
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EtymologyEdit
Originally 厶, a deformed version of 已. 以 is a further deformation of 厶 with the addition of 人 "person" on the right side.
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| Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Large seal script | Small seal script |
Han characterEdit
以 (radical 9 人+3, 5 strokes, cangjie input 女戈人 (VIO), four-corner 28100)
Derived charactersEdit
DescendantsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 94, character 1
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 388
- Dae Jaweon: page 199, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 105, character 7
- Unihan data for U+4EE5
ChineseEdit
| - | ||
|---|---|---|
| simp. and trad. |
以 | |
PronunciationEdit
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ji5, jyu5
- Hakka (Pha̍k-fa-sṳ): yi
- Min Nan (POJ): í
- Wu (WT Romanisation): i (T3)
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧˇ
- Wade-Giles: i3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yii
- IPA (key): /i²¹⁴/
-
(file)
- (Standard Chinese, Beijing)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: ji5, jyu5
- Yale: yíh, yúh
- Cantonese Pinyin: ji5, jy5
- IPA (key): /jiː¹³/, /jyː¹³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Hakka
- Romanisations:
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yi
- Hagfa Pinyim: yi1
- Romanisations:
- Min Nan
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- WT Romanisation: i (T3)
- IPA (key): /i²³/
- (Shanghainese)
| Middle Chinese pronunciation (以, reconstructed) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Character (以), Pronunciation 1/1 | ||||||
|
Initial: 以 (36) |
Openness: Open |
Fanqie: 羊己切 | ||||
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
Bernard Karlgren |
Li Rong |
Pan Wuyun |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
Wang Li |
Shao Rongfen |
| /jɨX/ | /iX/ | /iəX/ | /jɨX/ | /jɨX/ | /jĭəX/ | /ieX/ |
| Old Chinese pronunciation (以, reconstructed) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Character | Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
Middle Chinese | Old Chinese | English | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 以 | yǐ | ‹ yiX › | /*ləʔ/ | take, use | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:
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| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| Character | No. | Phonetic component |
Rime group |
Rime subdivision |
Corresponding MC rime |
Old Chinese | Notes | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 以 | 14929 | 以 | 之 | 0 | 以 | /*lɯʔ/ | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
DefintionsEdit
以
- according to; so as to; in order to; by; with; because
- to use
- Abbreviation of 以色列.
CompoundsEdit
Derived terms
PhrasesEdit
Derived terms
ReferencesEdit
- (Hakka) Academia Sinica - Hakka-English Dictionary
- (Hakka) Lau, Chun-fat. Hakka Pinyin Dictionary (Chinese). Hong Kong: The Chinese University Press, 1997 (Chinese IME supplement) ISBN 962-201-750-9.
- (Min Nan) Taiwan Min Nan Common Words Dictionary (臺灣閩南語常用詞辭典)
JapaneseEdit
KoreanEdit
HanjaEdit
以 (i) (hangeul 이, McCune-Reischauer i)
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