伴

See also: 件

伴 U+4F34, 伴 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4F34 ← 伳 [U+4F33] CJK Unified Ideographs 伵 → [U+4F35]

Translingual

Stroke order

Han character

伴 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 人火手 (OFQ), four-corner 2925₀, composition ⿰亻半)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 96, character 23
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 475
• Dae Jaweon: page 205, character 9
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 139, character 1
• Unihan data for U+4F34

Chinese

simp. and trad.		伴

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 伴
Small seal script s05717 Transcribed ancient scripts L34680 L33538 L15886 L15887
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (半) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
半	*paːns
絆	*paːns
靽	*paːns
姅	*paːns, *pʰaːns
拌	*pʰaːn, *baːnʔ
拚	*pʰaːn, *brons, *pʰaːn, *puns
坢	*pʰaːnʔ
判	*pʰaːns
泮	*pʰaːns
頖	*pʰaːns
胖	*pʰaːns
冸	*pʰaːns
牉	*pʰaːns
柈	*baːn
伴	*baːnʔ, *baːns
叛	*baːns
畔	*baːns
袢	*ban

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *baːnʔ, *baːns) : semantic 亻 + phonetic 半 (OC *paːns).

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): bàn (ban⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄅㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): bun⁶, pun⁵, bun^6-2, pun^5-2
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phân
• Jin (Wiktionary): ban³
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): phōaⁿ / phǒaⁿ / pōaⁿ / poān / phoǎn / phoān

  (Teochew, Peng'im): puan⁶

• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): bonn⁵

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: bàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄅㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: bàn
    • Wade–Giles: pan⁴
    • Yale: bàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bann
    • Palladius: бань (banʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pän⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: bun⁶, pun⁵, bun^6-2, pun^5-2
    • Yale: buhn, púhn, bún, pún
    • Cantonese Pinyin: bun⁶, pun⁵, bun^6-2, pun^5-2
    • Guangdong Romanization: bun⁶, pun⁵, bun^6-2, pun^5-2
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /puːn²²/, /pʰuːn¹³/, /puːn²²⁻³⁵/, /pʰuːn¹³⁻³⁵/

Note: bun6-2/pun5-2 - partner, companion (standalone word).

• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phân
    • Hakka Romanization System: pan´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: pan¹
    • Sinological IPA: /pʰan²⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: ban³
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /pæ̃⁴⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phōaⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: phuānn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phvoa
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pʰuã³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pʰuã²²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Jinjiang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phǒaⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: phuǎnn
    • IPA (Jinjiang): /pʰuã³³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰuã²²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pōaⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: puānn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: pvoa
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /puã²²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: poān
    • Tâi-lô: puān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: poan
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /puan²²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phoǎn
    • Tâi-lô: phuǎn
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰuan²²/
  • (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phoān
    • Tâi-lô: phuān
    • Phofsit Daibuun: phoan
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pʰuan³³/

Note:

• phōaⁿ/phǒaⁿ/pōaⁿ - vernacular;
• poān/phoǎn/phoān - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: puan⁶
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: phuăⁿ
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰũã³⁵/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: bonn⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /põ²¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: banX

Rime
Character	伴
Reading #	1/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	蒲旱切
Baxter	banX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/buɑnX/
Pan Wuyun	/bʷɑnX/
Shao Rongfen	/buɑnX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bwanX/
Li Rong	/buɑnX/
Wang Li	/buɑnX/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱuɑnX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bun6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[C.b]ˤanʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*baːnʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	伴
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bàn
Middle Chinese	‹ banX ›
Old Chinese	/*[C.b]ˁanʔ/
English	comrade
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	伴
Reading #	1/2
No.	258
Phonetic component	半
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	伴
Old Chinese	/*baːnʔ/

Definitions

伴

1. companion
2. to accompany
3. a surname

Compounds

• 伙伴 (huǒbàn)
• 作伴 (zuòbàn)
• 伴侶／伴侣 (bànlǚ)
• 伴侶動物／伴侣动物 (bànlǚ dòngwù)
• 伴同 (bàntóng)
• 伴哥
• 伴唱 (bànchàng)
• 伴唱帶／伴唱带
• 伴唱影碟
• 伴唱機／伴唱机
• 伴夥／伴伙
• 伴大夜
• 伴奏 (bànzòu)
• 伴姑
• 伴姑兒／伴姑儿
• 伴娘 (bànniáng)
• 伴宿 (bànsù)
• 伴手 (bànshǒu)
• 伴星 (bànxīng)
• 伴材
• 伴當／伴当 (bàndāng)
• 伴等
• 伴舞 (bànwǔ)
• 伴讀／伴读 (bàndú)
• 伴送
• 伴郎 (bànláng)
• 伴隨／伴随 (bànsuí)
• 伴食
• 伴食中書／伴食中书
• 伴食宰相
• 做伴 (zuòbàn)
• 偷偷伴伴
• 同伴 (tóngbàn)
• 呼朋引伴
• 夥伴／伙伴 (huǒbàn)
• 女伴 (nǚbàn)
• 學伴／学伴
• 廝伴／厮伴
• 搭伴 (dābàn)
• 旅伴 (lǚbàn)
• 木伴哥
• 火伴 (huǒbàn)
• 玩伴 (wánbàn)
• 男伴 (nánbàn)
• 相伴
• 窩伴／窝伴
• 終身伴侶／终身伴侣
• 結伴／结伴 (jiébàn)
• 老伴 (láobàn)
• 舞伴 (wǔbàn)
• 良伴 (liángbàn)
• 遊伴／游伴
• 陪伴 (péibàn)
• 館伴／馆伴

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (伴):

• → Vietnamese: bạn (伴)

Others:

• Tai Languages
  • Proto-Southwestern Tai
    • Thai: เพื่อน (pʉ̂ʉan, “companion, friend”)
      • → Khmer: ភឿន (phɨən, “companion, friend”)
      • → Northern Khmer: พฺืน (“companion, friend”)
    • Lao: ເພື່ອນ (phư̄an, “companion, friend”), ເພິ່ນ (phœn, “he, she, it, him, her”)
      • Isan: เพื่อน (“companion, friend”), เพิ่น (“he, she, it, him, her”)
    • Northern Thai: ᨻᩮᩬᩥ᩵ᩁ (“companion, friend”), ᨻᩮᩥ᩠᩵ᨶ (“he, she”)
    • Shan: ပိူၼ်ႈ (pōen)
    • Lü: ᦵᦗᦲᧃᧈ (poen¹, “he, she, friend”)
    • Tai Nüa: ᥙᥫᥢ (poen)

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pàn (pan⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): pun³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pàn
    • Wade–Giles: pʻan⁴
    • Yale: pàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pann
    • Palladius: пань (panʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰän⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: pun³
    • Yale: pun
    • Cantonese Pinyin: pun³
    • Guangdong Romanization: pun³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰuːn³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: banH

Rime
Character	伴
Reading #	2/2
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	薄半切
Baxter	banH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/buɑnH/
Pan Wuyun	/bʷɑnH/
Shao Rongfen	/buɑnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bwanH/
Li Rong	/buɑnH/
Wang Li	/buɑnH/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱuɑnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bàn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	bun6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*baːns/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	伴
Reading #	2/2
No.	262
Phonetic component	半
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	叛
Old Chinese	/*baːns/

Definitions

伴

1. ^† Used in 伴奐／伴奂 (pànhuàn, “relaxed; free; unrestrained”).
2. ^† Alternative form of 叛 (pàn, “to rebel”)

   • 氾潏潏其前後兮，伴張弛之信期 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     氾潏潏其前后兮，伴张弛之信期 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Verses of Chu, 4^th century BCE – 2^nd century CE

     fán yùyù qí qiánhòu xī, pàn zhāngchí zhī xìnqī [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

References

• “伴”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai	伴
Kyūjitai	伴󠄁 伴+󠄁? (Adobe-Japan1)
	伴󠄃 伴+󠄃? (Hanyo-Denshi) (Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment. See here for details.

Kanji

伴

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. consort

Readings

From Middle Chinese 伴 (MC banX); compare Mandarin 伴 (bàn):

• Go-on: ばん (ban, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: はん (han, Jōyō)

From Middle Chinese 伴 (MC banH); compare Mandarin 伴 (pàn):

• Go-on: ばん (ban, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: はん (han, Jōyō)

From native Japanese roots:

• Kun: ともなう (tomonau, 伴う, Jōyō)^{←ともなふ (tomonafu, 伴ふ, historical)}; とも (tomo, 伴)
• Nanori: すけ (suke); とも (tomo)

Compounds

• 伴連(ともづ)れ (tomozure)
• 伴船(ともぶね) (tomobune)
• 伴性遺伝(はんせいいでん) (hanseīden)
• 伴侶(はんりょ) (hanryo)
• 伴食(ばんしょく) (banshoku)
• 伴奏(ばんそう) (bansō)
• 伴僧(ばんそう) (bansō)
• 伴走(ばんそう) (bansō)
• 伴星(ばんせい) (bansei)
• 随伴(ずいはん) (zuihan)
• 同伴(どうはん) (dōhan)

Proper noun

伴(ばん) • (Ban) 

1. a surname

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 伴 (MC banX). Recorded as Middle Korean 반〯 (pǎn) (Yale: pan) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Wikisource

伴 (eumhun 짝 반 (jjak ban))

1. Hanja form^? of 반 (“companion”).

Compounds

Compounds

• 수반 (隨伴, suban, “accompaniment”)
• 동반 (同伴, dongban, “accompaniment”)
• 반려 (伴侶, ballyeo, “partner; companion”)
• 반주 (伴奏, banju, “(music) accompaniment”)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Vietnamese

Han character

伴: Hán Việt readings: bạn
伴: Nôm readings: bạn

1. chữ Hán form of bạn (“friend”).