俯

See also: 頫

俯 U+4FEF, 俯 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-4FEF ← 修 [U+4FEE] CJK Unified Ideographs 俰 → [U+4FF0]

Translingual

Han character

俯 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人戈人戈 (OIOI), four-corner 2024₀, composition ⿰亻府)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 106, character 6
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 722
• Dae Jaweon: page 226, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 182, character 9
• Unihan data for U+4FEF

Chinese

simp. and trad.		俯
alternative forms		俛 頫／𫖯

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 俯
Transcribed ancient scripts L14939 L14935 L14936 L14937 L14938
References: Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation), which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including: Shuowen Jiezi (small seal), Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions), Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (付) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
鉜	*bu
跗	*po, *bos
柎	*po
腑	*poʔ
俯	*poʔ
府	*poʔ
付	*pos
咐	*pos
怤	*pʰo
泭	*pʰo, *bo
姇	*pʰo
紨	*pʰo
拊	*pʰoʔ
弣	*pʰoʔ
符	*bo
苻	*bo
坿	*bo, *bos
腐	*boʔ
附	*bos
駙	*bos
鮒	*bos
袝	*bos
蚹	*bos
胕	*bos

In bronze inscriptions, phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *poʔ): phonetic 府 (OC *poʔ) + semantic 勹 (“person bending over”). In the modern script 勹 has changed to 亻.

Etymology

Compare perhaps Burmese ဖူး (hpu:, “to behold with reverence”).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fǔ (fu³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fu²
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): fú

  (Hailu, HRS): fu^ˊ

• Eastern Min (BUC): hū
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): hu³
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): hú

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fǔ
    • Wade–Giles: fu³
    • Yale: fǔ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuu
    • Palladius: фу (fu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: fu²
    • Yale: fú
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fu²
    • Guangdong Romanization: fu²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fuː³⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fú
    • Hakka Romanization System: fu^ˋ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fu³
    • Sinological IPA: /fu³¹/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: fu^ˊ
    • Sinological IPA: /fu²⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: hū
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hu³³/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: hu³
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: hû
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hu⁴⁵³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: hu³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hu³³²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hú
    • Tâi-lô: hú
    • Phofsit Daibuun: huo
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hu⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hu⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hu⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hu⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hu⁴¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: pjuX

Rime
Character	俯
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	方矩切
Baxter	pjuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pɨoX/
Pan Wuyun	/pioX/
Shao Rongfen	/pioX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/puə̆X/
Li Rong	/pioX/
Wang Li	/pĭuX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pi̯uX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fǔ
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fu2

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*poʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	俯
Reading #	1/1
No.	3510
Phonetic component	付
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	甫
Old Chinese	/*poʔ/
Notes	訓讀同頫

Definitions

俯

1. to bow one's head
2. to bend down; to bow
3. to look from above; to overlook; to look down
4. (honorific) to deign

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “to bow one's head”): 仰 (yǎng)

Usage notes

For personal names, the character 頫／𫖯 (fǔ) should not be written as 俯 (fǔ) in simplified Chinese, e.g. 趙孟頫 / 赵孟𫖯 (Zhào Mèngfǔ).

Compounds

• 仰事俯畜
• 仰觀俯察 / 仰观俯察
• 俯仰 (fǔyǎng)
• 俯伏 (fǔfú)
• 俯仰之間 / 俯仰之间 (fǔyǎngzhījiān)
• 俯仰無愧 / 俯仰无愧 (fǔyǎngwúkuì)
• 俯仰由人
• 俯允 (fǔyǔn)
• 俯察
• 俯就 (fǔjiù)
• 俯念
• 俯思
• 俯拾
• 俯拾即是
• 俯拾皆是 (fǔshíjiēshì)
• 俯拾青紫
• 俯看 (fǔkàn)
• 俯瞰 (fǔkàn)
• 俯視 / 俯视 (fǔshì)
• 俯臥 / 俯卧 (fǔwò)
• 俯臨 / 俯临
• 俯衝 / 俯冲 (fǔchōng)
• 俯觀 / 俯观
• 俯角 (fǔjiǎo)
• 俯身 (fǔshēn)
• 俯遂幽眇
• 俯首
• 俯首就縛 / 俯首就缚
• 俯首帖耳
• 俯首稱臣 / 俯首称臣 (fǔshǒu chēngchén)
• 俯首聽命 / 俯首听命
• 俯首認罪 / 俯首认罪
• 前俯後仰 / 前俯后仰
• 憑山俯海 / 凭山俯海
• 與世俯仰 / 与世俯仰
• 蹲俯

Japanese

Kanji

俯

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. to bend down
2. to lie down

Readings

• Go-on: ふ (fu)
• Kan-on: ふ (fu)
• Kun: ふす (fusu, 俯す)、ふせる (fuseru, 俯せる)、うつむく (utsumuku, 俯く)、うつむき (utsumuki)、うつむけ (utsumuke)、うつぶく (utsubuku, 俯く)、うつぶき (utsubuki)、うつぶけ (utsubuke)、うつぶし (utsubushi)、うつぶせ (utsubuse, 俯せ)

Korean

Hanja

俯 (eum 부 (bu))

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

俯: Hán Nôm readings: phủ

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation