Wiktionary

倍

倍 U+500D, 倍
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-500D
← 倌
[U+500C] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 倎 →
[U+500E]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

倍 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人卜廿口 (OYTR), four-corner 20261, composition ⿰亻咅)

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 107, character 19
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 760
  • Dae Jaweon: page 228, character 4
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 183, character 4
  • Unihan data for U+500D

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.
 倍

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 倍
Small seal script
 

s05828

Transcribed ancient scripts
 

L15317

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (咅) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
蓓 *bɯːʔ, *bɯːʔ
倍 *bɯːʔ
菩 *bɯːʔ, *bɯʔ, *bɯː, *bɯːɡ
掊 *bruː, *poːʔ, *bɯ, *bɯ
剖 *pʰoːʔ, *pʰoʔ
婄 *pʰɯʔ, *bɯʔ, *bɯː
踣 *pʰɯs, *bɯːɡ
箁 *bɯ
咅 *pʰɯʔ, *pʰl'oːs
部 *boːʔ, *boːʔ, *boːʔ, *boːʔ
培 *boːʔ, *bɯː
犃 *boːʔ
瓿 *boːʔ, *bɯ, *bo
殕 *pɯʔ, *pʰoʔ, *qɯːɡ
醅 *pʰɯ, *pʰɯː
棓 *bɯ, *broːŋʔ, *bɯː
涪 *bɯ
賠 *bɯː
陪 *bɯː
毰 *bɯː
焙 *bɯːs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *bɯːʔ) : semantic 人 + phonetic 咅 (OC *pʰɯʔ, *pʰl'oːs).

Pronunciation 1 edit

Note: erhua-ed - “very”.
Note:
  • Xiamen, Quanzhou:
    • pē/pěr - vernacular;
    • pōe/pǒe - literary.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 倍
Mandarin Beijing /pei⁵¹/
Harbin /pei⁵³/
Tianjin /pei⁵³/
Jinan /pei²¹/
Qingdao /pe⁴²/
Zhengzhou /pei³¹²/
Xi'an /pʰei⁴⁴/
Xining /pʰɨ²¹³/
Yinchuan /pei¹³/
Lanzhou /pei¹³/
Ürümqi /pei²¹³/
Wuhan /pei³⁵/
Chengdu /pei¹³/
Guiyang /pei²¹³/
Kunming /pei²¹²/
Nanjing /pəi⁴⁴/
Hefei /pe⁵³/
Jin Taiyuan /pei⁴⁵/
Pingyao /pæ³⁵/
Hohhot /pei⁵⁵/
Wu Shanghai /be²³/
Suzhou /be̞³¹/
Hangzhou /bei¹³/
Wenzhou /bai³⁵/
Hui Shexian /pʰɛ²²/
Tunxi /pə²⁴/
Xiang Changsha /pei⁵⁵/
/pei¹¹/
Xiangtan /bəi²¹/
Gan Nanchang /pʰi²¹/
Hakka Meixian /pʰi⁵³/
Taoyuan /pʰoi⁵⁵/
Cantonese Guangzhou /pʰui²³/
Nanning /pʰui²⁴/
Hong Kong /pʰui¹³/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /pue²²/
/pe²²/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /puɔi²⁴²/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /po⁴²/
Shantou (Teochew) /pue³⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /ʔbui³³/
Rime
Character 倍
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 並 (3)
Final (韻) 咍 (41)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 薄亥切
Baxter bojX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/bʌiX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/bəiX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/bɒiX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/bəjX/
Li
Rong 		/bᴀiX/
Wang
Li 		/bɒiX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/bʱɑ̆iX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		bài
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		boi6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 倍
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		bèi
Middle
Chinese 		‹ bwojX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[b]ˁəʔ/
English double

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 倍
Reading # 1/1
No. 9837
Phonetic
component 		咅
Rime
group 		之
Rime
subdivision 		0
Corresponding
MC rime 		倍
Old
Chinese 		/*bɯːʔ/

Definitions edit

倍

  1. to double
  2. Classifier for the number of times a value is multiplied: times; -fold
    一百倍  ―  yībǎi bèi  ―  hundredfold; one hundred times
  3. exceptionally; especially
  4. (Mandarin, colloquial) very; extremely

Compounds edit

Pronunciation 2 edit

Definitions edit

倍

  1. † Alternative form of 背 (“to give up; to betray; to violate; to have one's back towards”)

Compounds edit

Pronunciation 3 edit

Definitions edit

倍

  1. † Original form of 陪 (péi).
  2. † Alternative form of 賠／赔 (péi)

Compounds edit

Japanese edit

Kanji edit

倍

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings edit

Compounds edit

Noun edit

倍(ばい) • (bai) 

  1. twice, double, two times
    田(た)中(なか)さんの家(いえ)は私(わたし)の家(いえ)の倍(ばい)の大(おお)きさだ。
    Tanaka-san no ie wa watashi no ie no bai no ōkisa da.
    Tanaka's house is twice the size of mine.
    倍(ばい)にする
    bai ni suru
    to double

Antonyms edit

Counter edit

倍(ばい) • (-bai) 

  1. times, -fold
    この飛行機(ひこうき)はあの飛行機(ひこうき)よりも ３(さん)倍(ばい)速(はや)い。
    Kono hikōki wa ano hikōki yori mo san-bai hayai.
    This plane is a whole three times faster than that plane.
    ４(よん) の ５(ご)倍(ばい)
    yon no go-bai
    4 times 5
  2. (typography) a multiple of 全角 (zenkaku, “fullwidth/-height”) or 1 em in Western typography
    Antonym: 分 (bu)
    2(に)倍(ばい)
    nibai
    2 ems
  3. (typography, newspapers) a unit in newspaper typesetting, equal to 88 mils, 88⁄1000 in, 8 U (U) and 1⁄16 段 (dan)

See also edit

Korean edit

Hanja edit

倍 (eumhun 곱 배 (gop bae))

  1. Hanja form? of 배 (“twice; double”).

Compounds edit

Tày edit

Han character edit

倍 (transliteration needed)

  1. Nôm form of viòi.

References edit

  • Lục Văn Pảo, Hoàng Tuấn Nam (2003) Hoàng Triều Ân, editor, Từ điển chữ Nôm Tày [A Dictionary of (chữ) Nôm Tày]‎[1] (in Vietnamese), Hanoi: Nhà xuất bản Khoa học Xã hội

Vietnamese edit

Han character edit

倍: Hán Nôm readings: bội, bạu, bậu, bụa, buạ, vội

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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