Wiktionary

倒

倒 U+5012, 倒
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5012
← 們
[U+5011] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 倓 →
[U+5013]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

倒 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人一土弓 (OMGN), four-corner 22200, composition ⿰亻到)

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 107, character 27
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 767
  • Dae Jaweon: page 229, character 7
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 174, character 2
  • Unihan data for U+5012

Chinese edit

simp. and trad.
 倒

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 倒
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script
 
Small seal script
 

s05917

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (刀) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
刀 *taːw
忉 *taːw
魛 *taːw
舠 *taːw
朷 *taːw, *moːɡ
叨 *tuːw, *l̥ʰaːw
倒 *taːwʔ, *taːws
到 *taːws
菿 *taːws, *rtaːwɢ
鞀 *deːw
鳭 *rteːw, *teːw
灱 *hreːw
菬 *sdew, *tjewʔ
超 *tʰew
怊 *tʰew, *tʰjew
欩 *tʰew
召 *dews, *djews
昭 *tjew
招 *tjew
鉊 *tjew
沼 *tjewʔ
照 *tjews
詔 *tjews
炤 *tjews
弨 *tʰjew, *tʰjewʔ
眧 *tʰjewʔ
韶 *djew
佋 *djew, *djewʔ
軺 *djew, *lew
玿 *djew
柖 *djew
紹 *djewʔ
袑 *djewʔ
綤 *djewʔ
邵 *djews
劭 *djews
卲 *djews
刁 *teːw
芀 *teːw, *deːw
貂 *teːw
蛁 *teːw
迢 *deːw
苕 *deːw
髫 *deːw
岧 *deːw

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *taːwʔ, *taːws): semantic 亻 + phonetic 到 (OC *taːws).

Pronunciation 1 edit

Note:
  • do2 - vernacular;
  • dao2 - literary.
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 倒
    Reading # 1/2
    Initial (聲) 端 (5)
    Final (韻) 豪 (89)
    Tone (調) Rising (X)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) I
    Fanqie 都晧切
    Baxter tawX
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/tɑuX/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/tɑuX/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/tɑuX/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/tawX/
    Li
    Rong         		/tɑuX/
    Wang
    Li         		/tɑuX/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/tɑuX/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		dǎo
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		dou2
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 倒
    Reading # 1/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		dǎo
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ tawX ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*tˁawʔ/
    English turn upside down (v.i.)

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 倒
    Reading # 1/2
    No. 2114
    Phonetic
    component         		刀
    Rime
    group         		宵
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		倒
    Old
    Chinese         		/*taːwʔ/
    Notes 見漢賦

    Definitions edit

    倒

    1. to fall; to fall over; to fall down
    2. to collapse; to fall in
    3. to lie down; to recline
    4. to fail; to be on the decline
    5. to be damaged; to malfunction
    6. to go bankrupt; to close down
    7. to sell out; to sell up; to give up for money
    8. to buy and resell for a profit
    9. to stop; to discontinue
    10. to move; to move around
    11. to change; to switch over
    12. (Cantonese) to pour out; to tip; to dump
      倒垃圾 [Cantonese]  ―  dou2 laap6 saap3 [Jyutping]  ―  to take out the trash
    13. (neologism, slang) to be astonished (to the extent that one feels dizzy and falls); to be left speechless
      我倒，還有這樣的。／我倒，还有这样的。  ―  Wǒ dǎo, hái yǒu zhèyàng de.  ―  What? I can't believe this.
    14. (Southwestern Mandarin) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
    Synonyms edit
    Dialectal synonyms of 躺 (“to lie; to recline”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 躺
    Mandarin Beijing 躺, 歪
    Taiwan 躺
    Jinan 躺
    Xi'an 睡, 躺
    Wuhan 睡
    Chengdu 躺, 睡
    Guilin 躺
    Yangzhou 躺, 睡
    Hefei 睡, 躺
    Singapore 躺
    Cantonese Guangzhou 瞓
    Hong Kong 瞓
    Yangjiang 睡
    Singapore (Guangfu) 瞓
    Gan Nanchang 睏
    Hakka Meixian 眠, 抗
    Miaoli (N. Sixian) 睡
    Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 眠
    Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 睡
    Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 睡
    Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 睡
    Jin Taiyuan 躺, 睡
    Min Bei Jian'ou 倒
    Min Dong Fuzhou 倒
    Min Nan Xiamen 倒
    Quanzhou 倒
    Zhangzhou 倒
    Penang (Hokkien) 倒
    Singapore (Hokkien) 倒
    Chaozhou 倒
    Wu Suzhou 睏
    Wenzhou 翻, 倒
    Xiang Changsha 睏
    Shuangfeng 睏

    Compounds edit

    Pronunciation 2 edit

    Note:
    • tò/tò͘ - literary;
    • tàu - vernacular.
  • Wu
    • Rime
    Character 倒
    Reading # 2/2
    Initial (聲) 端 (5)
    Final (韻) 豪 (89)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) I
    Fanqie 都導切
    Baxter tawH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/tɑuH/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/tɑuH/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/tɑuH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/tawH/
    Li
    Rong         		/tɑuH/
    Wang
    Li         		/tɑuH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/tɑuH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		dào
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		dou3
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 倒
    Reading # 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		dào
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ tawH ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*tˁawʔ-s/
    English turn over, invert; pour

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 倒
    Reading # 2/2
    No. 2116
    Phonetic
    component         		刀
    Rime
    group         		宵
    Rime
    subdivision         		1
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		到
    Old
    Chinese         		/*taːws/

    Definitions edit

    倒

    1. to put upside down; to invert; to be inverted
    2. to reverse; to move backwards; to turn back
    3. upside down; inverted; flipped; reversed
    4. to pour out; to dump; to empty
      倒垃圾  ―  dào lājī  ―  to take out the trash
    5. to cast; to mould
    6. contrary to expectation; conversely; on the contrary; instead
    7. particle indicating contrast; but; however
    8. particle used after a ‹verb + 得› structure to indicate it is contrary to the actual situation, implying blame; then
    9. particle used in a subordinate clause at the beginning of a sentence to indicate concession; quite
    10. particle used in an imperative sentence to indicate impatience
    11. particle used to soften the tone
    12. (Min Nan) left (direction)

    Synonyms edit

    Dialectal synonyms of 左 (“left”) [map]
    Variety Location Words
    Classical Chinese 左
    Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 左
    Mandarin Beijing 左
    Taiwan 左
    Tianjin 左
    Chengde 左
    Tangshan 左
    Cangzhou 左
    Baoding 左
    Shijiazhuang 左
    Chifeng 左
    Hulunbuir (Hailar) 左
    Heihe 左
    Qiqihar 左
    Harbin 左
    Jiamusi 左
    Baicheng 左
    Changchun 左
    Tonghua 左
    Shenyang 左
    Dandong 左
    Jinzhou 左
    Dalian 左
    Yantai 左
    Qingdao 左
    Lijin 左
    Zhucheng 左
    Jinan 左
    Jining 左
    Wanrong 左
    Shangqiu 左
    Yuanyang 左
    Zhengzhou 左
    Lingbao 左
    Xinyang 左
    Baihe 左
    Hanzhong 左
    Xi'an 左
    Baoji 左
    Yinchuan 左
    Tianshui 左
    Lanzhou 左
    Dunhuang 左
    Xining 左
    Hami 左
    Ürümqi 左
    Wuhan 左
    Yichang 左
    Xiangyang 左
    Tianmen 左
    Hong'an 左
    Chengdu 左
    Nanchong 左
    Dazhou 左
    Hanyuan 左
    Xichang 左
    Zigong 左
    Chongqing 左
    Guiyang 左
    Zunyi 左
    Bijie 左
    Liping 左
    Zhaotong 左
    Dali 左
    Kunming 左
    Mengzi 左
    Guilin 左
    Liuzhou 左
    Jishou 左
    Changde 左
    Anqing 左
    Xuzhou 左
    Fuyang 左
    Wuhu 左
    Yangzhou 左
    Lianyungang 左
    Lianshui 左
    Nanjing 左
    Hefei 左
    Nantong 左
    Malaysia 左
    Singapore 左
    Cantonese Guangzhou 左
    Hong Kong 左
    Macau 左
    Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 左
    Singapore (Guangfu) 左
    Gan Nanchang 左
    Lichuan 左
    Huizhou Shexian 左
    Jin Taiyuan 左
    Yangyuan 左
    Datong 左
    Xinzhou 左
    Lishi 左
    Linfen 左
    Changzhi 左
    Linhe 左
    Jining 左
    Hohhot 左
    Erenhot 左
    Pingshan 左
    Zhangjiakou 左
    Handan 左
    Linzhou 左
    Suide 左
    Min Dong Fuzhou 左
    Min Nan Xiamen 倒
    Quanzhou 倒
    Zhangzhou 倒
    Taipei 倒
    New Taipei (Sanxia) 倒
    Kaohsiung 倒
    Yilan 倒
    Changhua (Lukang) 倒
    Taichung 倒
    Tainan 倒
    Hsinchu 倒
    Kinmen 倒
    Penghu (Magong) 倒
    Penang (Hokkien) 倒
    Singapore (Hokkien) 倒
    Manila (Hokkien) 倒
    Chaozhou 倒
    Shantou 倒
    Jieyang 倒
    Singapore (Teochew) 倒
    Wenchang 左
    Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 左

    Antonyms edit

    (left): (Min Nan) 正 (chiàⁿ, “right”)

    Compounds edit

    References edit

    Japanese edit

    Kanji edit

    倒

    (common “Jōyō” kanji)

    1. overthrow

    Readings edit

    Korean edit

    Hanja edit

    倒 (eumhun 넘어질 도 (neomeojil do))

    1. Hanja form? of 도 (“fall over”).
    2. Hanja form? of 도 (“lie down”).
    3. Hanja form? of 도 (“take turns”).

    Vietnamese edit

    Han character edit

    倒: Hán Nôm readings: đảo

    1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

    Derived terms edit

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