Wiktionary

側

See also: 侧
側 U+5074, 側
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5074
← 偳
[U+5073] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 偵 →
[U+5075]

Translingual edit

Han character edit

側 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+9, 11 strokes, cangjie input 人月金弓 (OBCN), four-corner 22200, composition ⿰亻則)

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 111, character 34
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 897
  • Dae Jaweon: page 238, character 6
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 189, character 12
  • Unihan data for U+5074

Chinese edit

trad. 側
simp. 侧

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character 側
Bronze inscriptions
 

b12303

 

b12304

Small seal script
 

s05768

Transcribed ancient scripts
 

L38256

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (則) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
廁 *sʰrɯɡs, *sʰrɯɡ
則 *ʔsɯːɡ
賊 *zɯːɡ
鰂 *zɯːɡ
鱡 *zɯːɡ
蠈 *zɯːɡ
側 *ʔsrɯɡ
萴 *ʔsrɯɡ, *zrɯɡ
測 *sʰrɯɡ
惻 *sʰrɯɡ
崱 *zrɯɡ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsrɯɡ): semantic 亻 + phonetic 則 (OC *ʔsɯːɡ).

Pronunciation 1 edit

Note:
  • cháik - “side”;
  • cáik - “to lean to one side”.
  • Min Nan
    • Note:
    • chhiak/chhek - literary;
    • chhak - vernacular.
  • Wu
    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location 側
    Mandarin Beijing /t͡sʰɤ⁵¹/
    Harbin /t͡sʰɤ⁵³/
    /t͡sai⁴⁴/
    /ʈ͡ʂai⁴⁴/
    Tianjin /t͡sʰɤ⁵³/
    Jinan /ʈ͡ʂei²¹³/
    Qingdao /t͡sʰə⁵⁵/
    /ʈ͡ʂʰe⁵⁵/
    /ʈ͡ʂe⁵⁵/
    Zhengzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰɛ²⁴/
    Xi'an /t͡sei²¹/ ～棱子睡
    /t͡sʰei²¹/ ～面
    Xining /t͡sʰɨ⁴⁴/
    Yinchuan /t͡sʰə¹³/
    Lanzhou /ʈ͡ʂʰə¹³/
    Ürümqi /t͡sʰɤ²¹³/
    Wuhan /t͡sʰɤ²¹³/
    Chengdu /t͡sʰe³¹/
    /t͡se³¹/
    Guiyang /t͡sɛ²¹/ ～邊
    /t͡sʰɛ²¹/ ～起過
    Kunming /t͡sʰə³¹/
    Nanjing /t͡sʰəʔ⁵/
    Hefei /t͡sʰɐʔ⁵/
    Jin Taiyuan /t͡sʰaʔ²/
    Pingyao /t͡sʰʌʔ¹³/
    Hohhot /t͡saʔ⁴³/ ～楞
    /t͡sʰaʔ⁴³/ ～面
    Wu Shanghai /t͡sʰəʔ⁵/
    /t͡səʔ⁵/
    Suzhou /t͡səʔ⁵/
    Hangzhou /t͡səʔ⁵/
    Wenzhou /t͡sʰe²¹³/
    /t͡se²¹³/
    /t͡sei²¹³/
    Hui Shexian /t͡sʰɛʔ²¹/
    Tunxi /t͡sʰa⁵/
    Xiang Changsha /t͡sə²⁴/
    Xiangtan /t͡sæ²⁴/
    Gan Nanchang /t͡sɛʔ⁵/
    Hakka Meixian /t͡set̚¹/
    Taoyuan /t͡set̚²²/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /t͡sɐk̚⁵/
    Nanning /t͡sɐk̚⁵⁵/
    Hong Kong /t͡sɐk̚⁵/
    Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /t͡sʰik̚³²/
    Fuzhou (Min Dong) /t͡sʰaiʔ²³/
    Jian'ou (Min Bei) /t͡sɛ²⁴/
    /t͡sʰɛ²⁴/
    Shantou (Min Nan) /t͡sʰek̚²/
    Haikou (Min Nan) /sek̚⁵/
    /sɔk̚⁵/
    Rime
    Character 側
    Reading # 1/1
    Initial (聲) 莊 (18)
    Final (韻) 蒸 (134)
    Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Open
    Division (等) III
    Fanqie 阻力切
    Baxter tsrik
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang         		/t͡ʃɨk̚/
    Pan
    Wuyun         		/ʈ͡ʂɨk̚/
    Shao
    Rongfen         		/t͡ʃiek̚/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank         		/ʈ͡ʂik̚/
    Li
    Rong         		/t͡ʃiək̚/
    Wang
    Li         		/t͡ʃĭək̚/
    Bernard
    Karlgren         		/ʈ͡ʂi̯ək̚/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex         		zhe
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex         		zik1
    Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character 側
    Reading # 1/1
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)         		cè
    Middle
    Chinese         		‹ tsrik ›
    Old
    Chinese         		/*[ts]rək/
    English slanting, oblique; side

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character 側
    Reading # 1/1
    No. 16600
    Phonetic
    component         		則
    Rime
    group         		職
    Rime
    subdivision         		0
    Corresponding
    MC rime         		稄
    Old
    Chinese         		/*ʔsrɯɡ/

    Definitions edit

    側

    1. side
      本側開門／本侧开门  ―  běn cè kāimén  ―  Exit this side
    2. to lean to one side; to incline; to slant

    Compounds edit

    Pronunciation 2 edit

    For pronunciation and definitions of 側 – see 仄 (“slanting; oblique; narrow; etc.”).
    (This character, 側, is a variant form of 仄.)

    Japanese edit

    Kanji edit

    側

    (grade 4 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings edit

    Related terms edit

     
    Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
    Wikipedia ja

    Etymology 1 edit

    Kanji in this term
    側
    がわ
    Grade: 4
    kun’yomi

    Pronunciation edit

    Noun edit

    側(がわ) • (gawa) ←がは (gafa)?

    1. side

    Etymology 2 edit

    Kanji in this term
    側
    そば
    Grade: 4
    kun’yomi
    Alternative spelling
    傍

    Pronunciation edit

    Noun edit

    側(そば) • (soba) 

    1. vicinity, near, beside, side
      泣(な)かないで。僕(ぼく)は傍(そば)にいるから。
      Nakanaide. Boku wa soba ni iru kara.
      Don't cry, for I am by your side.
    Derived terms edit
    Derived terms

    Etymology 3 edit

    Kanji in this term
    側
    かわ
    Grade: 4
    kun’yomi

    Pronunciation edit

    Noun edit

    側(かわ) • (kawa) ←かは (kafa)?

    1. side

    Etymology 4 edit

    Kanji in this term
    側
    はた
    Grade: 4
    irregular
    Alternative spellings
    端
    傍

    Pronunciation edit

    Noun edit

    側(はた) • (hata) 

    1. vicinity

    Etymology 5 edit

    Kanji in this term
    側
    かたわら
    Grade: 4
    irregular
    For pronunciation and definitions of 側 – see the following entry.
    【かたわら】
    [adverb] in addition, besides, while
    [noun] the side of something
    [noun] a person nearby
    [noun] the area nearby; vicinity
    [noun] a remote partially built-up area along a major highway
    [noun] in addition to…, while doing…, on the other hand…
    Alternative spellings
    傍ら, 傍, 側ら, 旁, 脇
    (This term, 側, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

    Etymology 6 edit

    Kanji in this term
    側
    そく
    Grade: 4
    on’yomi

    Middle Chinese 側 (t͡ʃɨk̚)

    Pronunciation edit

    Affix edit

    側(そく) • (soku) 

    1. side
    Derived terms edit
    Derived terms

    Noun edit

    側(そく) • (soku) 

    1. the first of the Eight Principles of Yong
    Hypernyms edit
    Coordinate terms edit

    References edit

    1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
    2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

    Korean edit

    Hanja edit

    側 (eum 측 (cheuk))

    1. side

    Vietnamese edit

    Han character edit

    側: Hán Nôm readings: trắc, trắt, trặc

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