六

See also: 大, 穴, and 冘

六	U+516D, 六 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-516D

← 公
[U+516C]

CJK Unified Ideographs

兮 →
[U+516E]

Wikimedia Commons has more media related to:

六

TranslingualEdit

Stroke order

Han characterEdit

六 (radical 12 八+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 卜金 (YC), four-corner 0080₀, composition ⿱亠八)

ReferencesEdit

KangXi: page 127, character 1
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 241, character 9
Unihan data for U+516D

ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.		六
alt. forms		陸／陆 financial 𠫪

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 六

Oracle bone script

Bronze inscriptions

Bamboo and silk script

Large seal script

Small seal script

**Oracle bone script**
j29782	j29783	j29784	j29785	j29786	j29787	j29788	j29789
j29790	j29791	j29792	j29793	j29794	j29795	j29796	j29797
j29798	j29799	j29800	j29801	j29802	j29803	j29804	j29805
j29806	j29807	j29808	j29809	j29810	j29811

**Bronze inscriptions**
b19884	b19885	b19886	b19887	b19888	b19889	b19890	b19891
b19892	b19893	b19894	b19895	b19896	b19897	b19898	b19899
b19900	b19901	b19902	b19903	b19904	b19905	b19906	b19907
b19908

**Large seal script**
L37442	L37443	L37444	L25250	L25251	L25252	L25253

**Small seal script**
s10921

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
Liushutong (large seal) and
Xu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (六) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
六	ruɡ
圥	ruɡ

Pictogram (象形) – perhaps a shed. Originally using the similar-sounding word 廬 (OC *ra, “shed, cabin”) to represent the concept “six” (Liu Xinglong). Alternatively, it may be an ancient counting symbol.

EtymologyEdit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-(k-)ruk.

PronunciationEdit

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): liù, lù (liu⁴, lu⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄌㄧㄡˋ, ㄌㄨˋ

(Chengdu, SP): nu² / niu²
Cantonese (Jyutping): luk⁶
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): liuk
Min Dong (BUC): lĕ̤k
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): la̍k / lio̍k

(Teochew, Peng'im): lag⁸
Wu (Wiktionary): loq (T5)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: liù
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄧㄡˋ
  - Wade-Giles: liu⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liow
  - IPA ^(key): /li̯oʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: lù
  - Zhuyin: ㄌㄨˋ
  - Wade-Giles: lu⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: luh
  - IPA ^(key): /lu⁵¹/

Note:

liù - usual pronunciation;
lù - ancient pronunciation preserved in some proper nouns (六安 and the ancient state in the vicinity, as well as the surname).

(Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: nu² / niu²
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: lu / liu
- IPA ^(key): /nu²¹/, /niəu²¹/

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: luk⁶
  - Yale: luhk
  - Cantonese Pinyin: luk⁹
  - Guangdong Romanization: lug⁶
  - IPA ^(key): /lʊk̚²/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: liuk
  - Hakka Romanization System: liug`
  - Hagfa Pinyim: liug⁵
  - IPA: /li̯uk̚²/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: lĕ̤k
  - IPA ^(key): /l̃øyʔ⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: la̍k / lio̍k
  - Tâi-lô: la̍k / lio̍k
  - Phofsit Daibuun: lak, liok
  - IPA (Xiamen): /lak̚⁴/, /liɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /lak̚²⁴/, /liɔk̚²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /lak̚¹²¹/, /liɔk̚¹²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /lak̚⁴/, /liɔk̚⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /lak̚⁴/, /liɔk̚⁴/

Note:

la̍k - vernacular;
lio̍k - literary.

(Teochew)
- Peng'im: lag⁸
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: la̍k
- IPA ^(key): /lak̚⁴/

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: loq (T5)
  - IPA ^(key): /lʊʔ¹²/

Middle Chinese: /lɨuk̚/▼

Rime
Character	六
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	屋 (4)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	力竹切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/lɨuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/liuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/liuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/luwk̚/
Li Rong	/liuk̚/
Wang Li	/lĭuk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/li̯uk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lǜ

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter-Sagart): /*k.ruk/

(Zhengzhang): /*ruɡ/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	六
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	liù
Middle Chinese	‹ ljuwk ›
Old Chinese	/*k.ruk/
English	six
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	六
Reading #	1/1
No.	8341
Phonetic component	六
Rime group	覺
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	六
Old Chinese	/*ruɡ/

DefinitionsEdit

六

six
(printing) small text; The size of type between 小五 (xiǎowǔ, “little 5”) and 小六 (xiǎoliù, “little 6”), standardized as 7½ point.
A surname.

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 六

DescendantsEdit

Sino-Xenic (六):

Japanese: 六 (ろく) (roku)
Korean: 육 (六, yuk); 륙 (六, ryuk)
Vietnamese: lục (六)

Others:

Proto-Tai: *krokᴰ (“six”)
- Lao: ຫົກ (hok)
- Thai: หก (hòk)

JapaneseEdit

**Japanese cardinal numbers**
< 5	6	7 >
Cardinal : 六

KanjiEdit

ReadingsEdit

Goon: ろく (roku, Jōyō)
Kan’on: りく (riku)
Tōon: りゅう (ryū)^{←りう (riu, historical)}
Kun: む (mu, 六, Jōyō); むい (mui, 六, Jōyō, uncommon); むつ (mutsu, 六つ, Jōyō); むっつ (muttsu, 六つ, Jōyō)
Nanori: く (ku); ろつ (rotsu)

CompoundsEdit

Compounds

十六夜 (いざよい) (izayoi): the sixteenth night of every month
九 (くん)六 (ろく) (kunroku):
四 (し)分 (ぶ)六 (ろく) (shiburoku):
甚 (じん)六 (ろく) (jinroku):
双 (すご)六 (ろく) (sugoroku):
宿 (やど)六 (ろく) (yadoroku):
六 (りっ)花 (か) (rikka):
六 (ろっ)角 (かく) (rokkaku): hexagon
六 (ろっ)感 (かん) (rokkan):
六 (ろっ)穴 (けつ) (rokketsu): the six holes of the human body, which are the mouth, eyes, ears, nose, anus, and genitals
表 (ひょう)六 (ろく)玉 (だま) (hyōrokudama):
一 (いち)六 (ろく)銀 (ぎん)行 (こう) (ichirokuginkō):
三 (さん)十 (じゅう)六 (ろっ)計 (けい) (sanjūrokkei):
六 (ろく)月 (がつ) (rokugatsu): June
六 (ろく)号 (ごう)記 (き)事 (じ) (rokugōkiji):
六 (りく)合 (ごう) (rikugō):
六 (ろっ)根 (こん)清 (しょう)浄 (じょう) (rokkonshōjō):
六 (ろく)三 (さん)制 (せい) (rokusansei):
四 (し)六 (ろく)時 (じ)中 (ちゅう) (shirokujichū):
二 (に)六 (ろく)時 (じ)中 (ちゅう) (nirokujichū):
六 (ろく)識 (しき) (rokushiki):
六 (ろく)尺 (しゃく) (rokushaku):
六 (りく)書 (しょ) (rikusho):
一 (いち)六 (ろく)勝 (しょう)負 (ぶ) (ichirokushōbu):

六 (ろく)情 (じょう) (rokujō):
六 (ろく)親 (しん) (rokushin):
南 (なん)斗 (と)六 (ろく)星 (せい) (nantorokusei):
六 (ろく)大 (だい)州 (しゅう) (rokudaishū): the six continents
六 (ろく)道 (どう) (rokudō):
六 (むい)日 (か) (muika): sixth day of the month
六 (ろく)波 (は)羅 (ら)蜜 (みつ) (rokuharamitsu):
六 (ろく)部 (ぶ) (rokubu):
六 (ろく)辺 (へん)形 (げい) (rokuhengei): hexagon
六 (ろっ)分 (ぷん) (roppun):
六 (ろっ)方 (ぽう) (roppō):
六 (ろっ)法 (ぽう)全 (ぜん)書 (しょ) (roppōzensho):
六 (ろっ)本 (ぽん) (roppon):
六 (ろく)面 (めん)体 (たい) (rokumentai):
六 (ろく)曜 (よう) (rokuyō):
六 (ろく)連 (ねん)星 (せい) (rokunensei):
六 (ろく)連 (ねん)発 (ぱつ) (rokunenpatsu):
六 (ろっ)腑 (ぷ) (roppu):
三 (さん)面 (めん)六 (ろっ)臂 (ぴ) (sanmenroppi):
八 (はち)面 (めん)六 (ろっ)臂 (ぴ) (hachimenroppi):
六 (りく)韜 (とう)三 (さん)略 (りゃく) (rikutōsanryaku):

ReferencesEdit

JIS: 4F3B
Kuten: -
Shift JIS: 985A
EUC-JP: CFBB
Frequency: 96
Nelson: 283

New Nelson: 371
Halpern: 1965
Halpern Learners: 1244
Heisig: 6
Tuttle Kanji Dictionary: 2j2.2

Source: EDICT and KANJIDIC files licensed by the Electronic Dictionaries Research Group.

Etymology 1Edit

The ablaut form of mi "three", which it doubles.

NounEdit

六 (hiragana む, rōmaji mu)

six

Derived termsEdit

六 (むっ)つ (muttsu)

Etymology 2Edit

Alternative formsEdit

陸 (used in legal documents)

PronunciationEdit

On’yomi
- (Tokyo) ろく [ròkúꜜ] (Odaka – [2])
- IPA^(key): [ɾo̞kɯ̟ᵝ]

NounEdit

六 (hiragana ろく, rōmaji roku)

six
a name of a hole of a wind instrument

KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

六 • (ryuk(yuk))

Eumhun:
- Sound (hangeul): 륙(육) (revised: ryuk (yuk), McCune-Reischauer: ryuk (yuk), Yale: lyuk (^lyuk))
- Name (hangeul): 여섯 (revised: yeoseot, McCune-Reischauer: yŏsŏt, Yale: yeses)

six