Wiktionary

六

See also: 大, 穴, 冘, and 宂
六 U+516D, 六
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-516D
← 公
[U+516C] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 兮 →
[U+516E]
㈥ U+3225, ㈥
PARENTHESIZED IDEOGRAPH SIX
← ㈤
[U+3224] 		Enclosed CJK Letters and Months ㈦ →
[U+3226]
㊅ U+3285, ㊅
CIRCLED IDEOGRAPH SIX
← ㊄
[U+3284] 		Enclosed CJK Letters and Months ㊆ →
[U+3286]
六 U+F9D1, 六
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F9D1
← 類
[U+F9D0] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 戮 →
[U+F9D2]
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六

Translingual

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Stroke order
 

Han character

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六 (Kangxi radical 12, 八+2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 卜金 (YC), four-corner 00800, composition ⿱亠八)

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 127, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1453
  • Dae Jaweon: page 280, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 241, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+516D

Chinese

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The number six in Chinese number gestures

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 六
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Qin slip script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
               
 
j29782
 
j29783
 
j29784
 
j29785
 
j29786
 
j29787
 
j29788
 
j29789
 
j29790
 
j29791
 
j29792
 
j29793
 
j29794
 
j29795
 
j29796
 
j29797
 
j29798
 
j29799
 
j29800
 
j29801
 
j29802
 
j29803
 
j29804
 
j29805
 
j29806
 
j29807
 
j29808
 
j29809
 
j29810
 
j29811
 
b19884
 
b19885
 
b19886
 
b19887
 
b19888
 
b19889
 
b19890
 
b19891
 
b19892
 
b19893
 
b19894
 
b19895
 
b19896
 
b19897
 
b19898
 
b19899
 
b19900
 
b19901
 
b19902
 
b19903
 
b19904
 
b19905
 
b19906
 
b19907
 
b19908
 
s10921
Transcribed ancient scripts
 
L37442
 
L37443
 
L37444
 
L25250
 
L25251
 
L25252
 
L25253
References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

  • Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
  • Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
  • Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
  • Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).
Characters in the same phonetic series (六) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
六 *ruɡ
圥 *ruɡ

Pictogram (象形) – perhaps a shed. Originally using the similar-sounding word 廬 (OC *ra, “shed, cabin”) to represent the concept “six” (Liu Xinglong). Alternatively, it may be an ancient counting symbol.

Etymology 1

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simp. and trad.
 六
alternative forms 陸／陆 financial
𠫪

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *d-k-ruk (“six”).

Pronunciation

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Note:
Note:
  • lah7 - vernacular;
  • loeh7/lyoeh7 - literary.
Note:
  • la̍k - vernacular;
  • lio̍k - literary.
Note: 2lou (Ningbo) - only used in 活逼四六.
Rime
Character 六
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 屋 (4)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 力竹切
Baxter ljuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/lɨuk̚/
Pan
Wuyun 		/liuk̚/
Shao
Rongfen 		/liuk̚/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/luwk̚/
Li
Rong 		/liuk̚/
Wang
Li 		/lĭuk̚/
Bernhard
Karlgren 		/li̯uk̚/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		lù
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		luk6
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 六
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		liù
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ljuwk ›
Old
Chinese 		/*k.ruk/
English six

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 六
Reading # 1/1
No. 8341
Phonetic
component 		六
Rime
group 		覺
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		六
Old
Chinese 		/*ruɡ/

Definitions

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六

  1. six
    六城  ―  liù chéng  ―  Six Cities (a literal translation of Altishahr, an ancient name for the region Xinjiang/East Turkestan)
  2. (printing) small text; The size of type between 小五 (xiǎowǔ, “little 5”) and 小六 (xiǎoliù, “little 6”), standardized as 7½ point.
  3. (dialectal) proficient
  4. (neologism, Internet slang) awesome; excellent; remarkable
  5. a surname (pronounced Lù)
  6. name of an ancient state (pronounced Lù), also found in placenames (e.g., 六安 (Lù'ān) Lu'an, Anhui, China)

See also

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Chinese numbers
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 102 103 104 106 108 1012
Normal
(小寫 / 小写) 		〇, 零, 空 一, 蜀 二, 兩 / 两 三 四 五 六 七 八 九 十 百 千 萬 / 万,
十千 (Malaysia, Singapore) 		百萬 / 百万,
桶(Philippines),
面桶 (Philippines) 		億 / 亿 兆 (Taiwan)
萬億 / 万亿 (Mainland China)
Financial
(大寫 / 大写) 		零 壹 貳 / 贰 參 / 叁 肆 伍 陸 / 陆 柒 捌 玖 拾 佰 仟

Compounds

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Descendants

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Sino-Xenic (六):
  • → Japanese: 六(ろく) (roku)
  • → Korean: 육/륙(六) (yuk/ryuk)
  • → Vietnamese: lục (六)

Others:

Etymology 2

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simp. and trad.
 六

Pronunciation

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Definitions

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六

  1. (music) Kunqu gongche notation for the note sol (5).
  2. (music) Cantonese opera gongche notation for the note sol (5).

Derived terms

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References

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Japanese

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Japanese cardinal numbers
 <  5 6 7  > 
    Cardinal : 六

Kanji

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六

(First grade kyōiku kanji)

  1. six

Readings

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Compounds

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Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
六
む
Grade: 1
kun'yomi

The ablaut form of 三 (mi, “three”), which it doubles. From Old Japanese 六 (mu), from Proto-Japonic *mu.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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六(む) • (mu) 

  1. six
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
六
ろく
Grade: 1
goon
Alternative spelling
陸 ("used, in law, contexts")

From Middle Chinese 六 (MC ljuwk). Compare modern Cantonese 六 (luk6), literary Hokkien 六 (lio̍k).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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六(ろく) • (roku) 

  1. six
  2. the sixth hole of a wind instrument
Coordinate terms
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v • d • e
Japanese numbers
NumberKanjiKanaRomaji
0零れい、ゼロrei, zero
1一、壱、弌、壹いちichi
2二、弐、貳、貮にni
3三、参さんsan
4四、肆よん、しyon, shi
5五、伍ごgo
6六、陸ろくroku
7七、漆なな、しちnana, shichi
8八、捌はちhachi
9九、玖きゅう、くkyū, ku
10十、拾じゅうjū
100百、陌、佰ひゃくhyaku
1,000千、阡、仟せんsen
10,000一万、万、一萬、萬いちまん、まんichiman, man
100,000,000一億、億いちおく、おくichioku, oku

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

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Korean numbers (edit)
60
 ←  5 6 7  → 
    Native isol.: 여섯 (yeoseot)
    Native attr.: 여섯 (yeoseot), (archaic) 엿 (yeot)
    Sino-Korean: 육 (yuk), 륙 (ryuk)
    Hanja: 六
    Ordinal: 여섯째 (yeoseotjjae)

Etymology

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From Middle Chinese 六 (MC ljuwk).

Historical Readings
Dongguk Jeongun Reading
Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 륙〮 (Yale: lyúk)
Middle Korean
Text Eumhun
Gloss (hun) Reading
Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] 여슷〮 (Yale: yèsús) 륙〮 (Yale: lyúk)

Pronunciation

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Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

六 (eumhun 여섯 륙 (yeoseot ryuk), word-initial (South Korea) 여섯 육 (yeoseot yuk))

  1. hanja form? of 륙/육 (“six”)

Compounds

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References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [3]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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六: Hán Việt readings: lục[1][2][3], lúc (力(lực)竹(trúc)切(thiết))[1]
六: Nôm readings: lúc[1][2][3][4], lục[1][2][3], lóc[1], trọc[1], lộc[3], lụt[3]

  1. chữ Hán form of lục (“six”).

Derived terms

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Derived terms

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 Trần (2004).
  4. ^ Hồ (1976).
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