See also:
U+5206, 分
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5206

[U+5205]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+5207]

Translingual edit

Stroke order
 
Stroke order
 

Han character edit

(Kangxi radical 18, +2, 4 strokes, cangjie input 金尸竹 (CSH), four-corner 80227, composition )

Derived characters edit

References edit

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 136, character 4
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1853
  • Dae Jaweon: page 304, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 321, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+5206

Chinese edit

trad.
simp. #

Glyph origin edit

Historical forms of the character
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
         

Ideogrammic compound (會意会意): (to separate) + (knife) – to separate with a knife.

Pronunciation 1 edit


Note:
  • pûn - vernacular (“to divide; to separate; to distribute; to give; by”);
  • fûn - literary.
  • Jin
  • Northern Min
  • Eastern Min
  • Note:
    • buŏng - vernacular;
    • hŭng - literary.
  • Southern Min
  • Note:
    • pun - vernacular;
    • hun - literary.
    Note:
    • bung1 - vernacular;
    • hung1 - literary.
  • Wu
  • Xiang

    • Dialectal data
    Variety Location
    Mandarin Beijing /fən⁵⁵/
    Harbin /fən⁴⁴/
    Tianjin /fən²¹/
    Jinan /fẽ²¹³/
    Qingdao /fə̃²¹³/
    Zhengzhou /fən²⁴/
    Xi'an /fẽ²¹/
    Xining /fə̃⁴⁴/
    Yinchuan /fəŋ⁴⁴/
    Lanzhou /fə̃n³¹/
    Ürümqi /fɤŋ⁴⁴/
    Wuhan /fən⁵⁵/
    Chengdu /fən⁵⁵/
    Guiyang /fen⁵⁵/
    Kunming /fə̃⁴⁴/
    Nanjing /fən³¹/
    Hefei /fən²¹/
    Jin Taiyuan /fəŋ¹¹/
    Pingyao /xuŋ¹³/
    Hohhot /fə̃ŋ³¹/
    Wu Shanghai /fəŋ⁵³/
    Suzhou /fən⁵⁵/
    Hangzhou /fen³³/
    Wenzhou /faŋ³³/
    Hui Shexian /fʌ̃³¹/
    Tunxi /fɛ¹¹/
    Xiang Changsha /fən³³/
    Xiangtan /ɸən³³/
    Gan Nanchang /fɨn⁴²/
    Hakka Meixian /fun⁴⁴/ ~配
    /pun⁴⁴/
    Taoyuan /pun²⁴/
    Cantonese Guangzhou /fɐn⁵³/
    Nanning /fɐn⁵⁵/
    Hong Kong /fɐn⁵⁵/
    Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /hun⁵⁵/
    /pun⁵⁵/
    Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /puoŋ⁴⁴/
    Jian'ou (Northern Min) /xɔŋ⁵⁴/
    /puiŋ⁵⁴/
    Shantou (Teochew) /luŋ³³/
    /puŋ³³/
    Haikou (Hainanese) /ʔbun²³/
    /hun²³/

    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 1/2
    Initial () (1)
    Final () (59)
    Tone (調) Level (Ø)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter pjun
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /pɨun/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /piun/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /piuən/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /pun/
    Li
    Rong
    /piuən/
    Wang
    Li
    /pĭuən/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /pi̯uən/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    fēn
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    fan1
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 1/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    fēn
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ pjun ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*pə[n]/
    English divide

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 1/2
    No. 3148
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*pɯn/

    Definitions edit

    1. to divide; to separate
      工作階段進行 [MSC, trad.]
      工作阶段进行 [MSC, simp.]
      Zhè xiàng gōngzuò fēn liǎng jiēduàn jìnxíng. [Pinyin]
      This exercise is divided into two stages.
      [Cantonese]  ―  fan1 sing4 ng5 faai3 [Jyutping]  ―  split into 5 pieces
    2. to distribute; to allocate; to assign; to allot
      兒子比薩餅 [MSC, trad.]
      儿子比萨饼 [MSC, simp.]
      Tā hé érzǐ fēn chī le yī zhāng bǐsàbǐng. [Pinyin]
      He shared a pizza with his son.
      一起苹果 [MSC, trad. and simp.]
      Tā hé wǒ yīqǐ fēn píngguǒ. [Pinyin]
      He divided the apples with me.
      他們住房 [MSC, trad.]
      他们住房 [MSC, simp.]
      Tāmen fēn dào le yī zhuàng zhùfáng. [Pinyin]
      They were allotted a house to live in.
    3. to distinguish; to differentiate; to tell apart
      他們他們 [MSC, trad.]
      他们他们 [MSC, simp.]
      fēn bù qīng tāmen. Tāmen cháng dé tài xiàng le. [Pinyin]
      I cannot tell them apart. They are very much alike.
      懦夫蠻力大丈夫氣概恃強凌弱 [MSC, trad.]
      懦夫蛮力大丈夫气概恃强凌弱 [MSC, simp.]
      Tā shì yī ge nuòfū, yī ge fēn bù qīng mánlì hé dàzhàngfū qìgài de shìqiánglíngruò zhě. [Pinyin]
      He's a coward and a bully who confuses physical strength with manhood.
    4. to break up; to end a relationship; to separate
      See also: 分手
    5. (Hakka, Teochew, Hainanese) to give
    6. (Hakka, Teochew) by
      [Sixian Hakka]  ―  pûn ngìn ma [Pha̍k-fa-sṳ]  ―  to be scolded (by people)
    7. minute (unit of time)
        ―  fēnzhōng  ―  minute
      現在745现在745  ―  Xiànzài shì 7 diǎn 45 fēn.  ―  It's quarter to eight now.
    8. minute (unit of angle, 1/60 of a degree)
    9. fraction; proportion
        ―  fēnzhī  ―  used to indicate a fraction
    10. (education, competition, etc.) point; mark
      本題五十本题五十  ―  Běntí zhàn wǔshí fēn.  ―  This question counts for 50 points.
      多少  ―  Wǒ dé le duōshǎo fēn?  ―  What's my score?
      𫽋 [Cantonese]  ―  lo2 gou1 fan1 [Jyutping]  ―  to get high marks
    11. one tenth
    12. [from 19th c., officially from 1981 (PRC), 1985 (ROC)] deci- (SI unit prefix)
    13. (numismatics) 0.01 yuan (or dollars, etc.); fen; cent
    14. (Shanghainese, slang) ten yuan (or dollars, etc.) (Classifier: w)
    15. (Shanghainese, by extension) money
      [Shanghainese]  ―  6we 1fen [Wugniu]  ―  to return money
    16. one tenth of a (a unit of length)
      1. (Hong Kong) fan, legally defined as 0.00371475 metres
      2. (Mainland China) Short for 市分, equivalent to 0.33 cm
    17. one tenth of a (a unit of area)
    18. a candareen (a unit of weight), one tenth of a (qián, “mace”), and equal to ten (, “cash”)
    19. (historical) an ancient small unit of time
    20. (Hokkien) to adopt (a child)
    21. (Taiwanese Hokkien) to beg (ask for food or money as charity)
    Synonyms edit
    • (to divide):
    • (to distribute):
    • (to distribute):
    • (to break up): 分手 (fēnshǒu)
    • (to give):
    • (by):
    • (to beg for food or money):
    • (cent):
    See also edit
    • (unit of length): (zhàng), (chǐ), (cùn)
    SI prefix
    Last Next
    n/a

    Compounds edit

    Descendants edit

    • Thai: หุน (hǔn, a unit of length and weight)
    • Zhuang: faen

    Pronunciation 2 edit



    Rime
    Character
    Reading # 2/2
    Initial () (3)
    Final () (59)
    Tone (調) Departing (H)
    Openness (開合) Closed
    Division () III
    Fanqie
    Baxter bjunH
    Reconstructions
    Zhengzhang
    Shangfang
    /bɨunH/
    Pan
    Wuyun
    /biunH/
    Shao
    Rongfen
    /biuənH/
    Edwin
    Pulleyblank
    /bunH/
    Li
    Rong
    /biuənH/
    Wang
    Li
    /bĭuənH/
    Bernard
    Karlgren
    /bʱi̯uənH/
    Expected
    Mandarin
    Reflex
    fèn
    Expected
    Cantonese
    Reflex
    fan6
    BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
    Character
    Reading # 2/2
    Modern
    Beijing
    (Pinyin)
    fèn
    Middle
    Chinese
    ‹ bjunH ›
    Old
    Chinese
    /*[m]-pə[n]-s/
    English alloted duty

    Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

    * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
    * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
    * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
    * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

    * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
    Zhengzhang system (2003)
    Character
    Reading # 2/2
    No. 3191
    Phonetic
    component
    Rime
    group
    Rime
    subdivision
    1
    Corresponding
    MC rime
    Old
    Chinese
    /*bɯns/

    Definitions edit

    1. part; share; portion
    2. ingredient; component
    3. duty; responsibility
    4. status; standing
    5. lot; fate; destiny
    6. mutual affection
    7. Alternative form of (fèn, classifier)
    8. Short for 分之 (fēn zhī).
    Usage notes edit

    Many of the senses are now written with the specialised character (fèn).

    Synonyms edit
    • (ingredient): 成分 (chéngfèn)

    Compounds edit

    Further reading edit

    Japanese edit

    Shinjitai  
    Kyūjitai
    [1][2][3]

    分󠄁
    +&#xE0101;?
    (Adobe-Japan1)
     
    分󠄃
    +&#xE0103;?
    (Hanyo-Denshi)
    (Moji_Joho)
    The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
    See here for details.

    Kanji edit

    (grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

    Readings edit

    From Middle Chinese (MC pjun); compare Mandarin (fēn):

    From Middle Chinese (MC bjunH); compare Mandarin (fèn):

    From native Japanese roots:

    Compounds edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    Kanji in this term
    ふん
    Grade: 2
    on’yomi

    /pun//fun/

    From Middle Chinese (MC pjun, “a minute”).

    Pronunciation edit

    Counter edit

    (ふん) (-fun

    1. minutes (duration)

    Noun edit

    (ふん) (fun

    1. a minute (unit of time)
    2. a minute (unit of angle)
    Usage notes edit

    When preceded by a number, the reading changes depending on the phonetic context.

    Japanese number-counter combinations for (ふん) (fun)
    1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 What time?
    (いっ)(ぷん) (ippun) ()(ふん) (nifun) (さん)(ぷん) (sanpun)
    (さん)(ふん) (sanfun)
    (よん)(ぷん) (yonpun)
    (よん)(ふん) (yonfun)
    ()(ふん) (gofun) (ろっ)(ぷん) (roppun) (なな)(ふん) (nanafun)
    (しち)(ふん) (shichifun)
    (はっ)(ぷん) (happun)
    (はち)(ふん) (hachifun)
    (きゅう)(ふん) (kyūfun) (じゅっ)(ぷん) (juppun)
    (じっ)(ぷん) (jippun)
    (なん)(ぷん) (nanpun)
    (なん)(ふん) (nanfun)

    Etymology 2 edit

    Kanji in this term
    ぶん
    Grade: 2
    on’yomi

    From Middle Chinese (MC bjunH, “a minute”).

    Pronunciation edit

    Noun edit

    (ぶん) (bun

    1. a part, a share, a portion
      このケーキは(きみ)(ぶん)だよ。
      Kono kēki wa kimi no bun da yo.
      This piece of cake is your portion.
      一年(いちねん)(ぶん)のレタス
      ichinen-bun no retasu
      one year's worth of lettuce

    Etymology 3 edit

    Kanji in this term

    Grade: 2
    on’yomi

    /bun//bu/

    Shift from bun above, with influence on the meaning from the Middle Chinese sense tied to original Middle Chinese reading /pɨun/.

    Pronunciation edit

    Noun edit

    () (bu

    1. an obsolete unit of currency equal to four (りょう) (ryō) and to ten (りん) (rin)

    References edit

    1. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 282 (paper), page 191 (digital)
    2. ^ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927) 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 208 (paper), page 116 (digital)
    3. ^ 白川静 (Shirakawa Shizuka) (2014), “”, in 字通 (Jitsū)[1] (in Japanese), popular edition, Tōkyō: Heibonsha, →ISBN
    4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

    Korean edit

    Etymology 1 edit

    From Middle Chinese (MC pjun).

    Historical Readings
    Dongguk Jeongun Reading
    Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 (Yale: pwùn)
    Middle Korean
    Text Eumhun
    Gloss (hun) Reading
    Hunmong Jahoe, 1527[2] ᄂᆞᆫ홀〮 (Yale: nònhwól) (Yale: pwùn)

    Pronunciation edit

    Hanja edit

    Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

    Wikisource

    (eumhun 나눌 (nanul bun))

    1. Hanja form? of (to divide).
    2. Hanja form? of (to distribute).
    3. Hanja form? of (to distinguish).
    4. Hanja form? of (fraction).
    5. Hanja form? of (minute (unit of time)).

    Compounds edit

    Etymology 2 edit

    From Middle Chinese (MC bjunH).

    Historical Readings
    Dongguk Jeongun Reading
    Dongguk Jeongun, 1448 뿐〮 (Yale: ppwún)
    Early Modern Korean
    Text Eumhun
    Gloss (hun) Reading
    Juhae Cheonjamun, 1804 분수 (bunsu) (bun)

    Pronunciation edit

    • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [pu(ː)n]
    • Phonetic hangul: [(ː)]
      • Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.

    Hanja edit

    (eumhun 분수(分數) (bunsu bun))

    1. Hanja form? of (part; portion).
    2. Hanja form? of (component).
    3. Hanja form? of (status; standing).
    4. Hanja form? of (mutual affection).
    5. Hanja form? of (duty; responsibility).

    Compounds edit

    References edit

    • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [3]

    Vietnamese edit

    Han character edit

    : Hán Việt readings: phân, phần, phận

    1. chữ Hán form of phân (divide).
    2. chữ Hán form of phần (part).
    3. chữ Hán form of phận (role).

    Compounds edit