北京

(Redirected from 北京市)

Chinese edit

north capital; Beijing (abbrev.)
trad. (北京)
simp. #(北京)
Literally: “northern capital”.
 
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Etymology edit

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation edit



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Initial () (1) (28)
Final () (131) (111)
Tone (調) Checked (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () I III
Fanqie
Baxter pok kjaeng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/pək̚/ /kˠiæŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/pək̚/ /kᵚiaŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/pək̚/ /kiaŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/pək̚/ /kiajŋ/
Li
Rong
/pək̚/ /kiɐŋ/
Wang
Li
/pək̚/ /kĭɐŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/pək̚/ /ki̯ɐŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
bo jīng
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex
bak1 ging1
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
běi jīng
Middle
Chinese
‹ pok › ‹ kjæng ›
Old
Chinese
/*pˁək/ /*[k]raŋ/
English north hill; capital city

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 414 6828
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*pɯːɡ/ /*kraŋ/

Proper noun edit

北京

  1. () Beijing (a direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China)
    中國首都北京 [MSC, trad.]
    中国首都北京 [MSC, simp.]
    Zhōngguó de shǒudū shì Běijīng. [Pinyin]
    The capital of China is Beijing.
    北京春天適合騎車衚衕 [MSC, trad.]
    北京春天适合骑车胡同 [MSC, simp.]
    Běijīng de chūntiān hěn shìhé qíchē guàng hútòng. [Pinyin]
    Beijing’s spring is very suitable for cycling around the hutongs.
    原諒北京 [MSC, trad.]
    原谅北京 [MSC, simp.]
    Yuánliàng wǒ bù néng péi nǐ qù Běijīng. [Pinyin]
    Forgive me for not being able to go with you to Beijing.
    Synonyms: 北平 (Běipíng) (historical), 燕京 (Yānjīng) (historical)
  2. (metonymically) Beijing (the government of the People's Republic of China)
  3. (historical) northern capital
    1. [5th c. CE] Jiankang (capital of Liu Song dynasty)—in modern-day Nanjing, Jiangsu province
    2. [5th c. CE] Jingkou (birthplace of Liu Song dynasty)—in modern-day Zhenjiang, Jiangsu province
    3. [5th c. CE] Pingcheng (capital of Northern Wei dynasty)—in modern-day Datong, Shanxi province
    4. [8th–10th c. CE] Taiyuan Fu (birthplace of Tang dynasty and many subsequent states)—in modern-day Taiyuan, Shanxi province
    5. [11th c. CE] Daming Fu (visited by Emperor Zhenzong)—in modern-day Handan, Hebei province
    6. [12th c. CE] Shangjing Linhuang Fu (one of the capitals of Jin dynasty)—in modern-day Chifeng, Inner Mongolia
    7. [12th c. CE] Zhongdu (one of the capitals of Jin dynasty)—in modern-day Beijing
    8. [14th c. CE] Kaifeng Fu (Ming dynasty)—in modern-day Kaifeng, Henan province

Usage notes edit

Synonyms edit

  • (Beijing): (historical) 北平 (Běipíng), (literary, or ironic, humorous) 帝都 (dìdū), (historical, archaic) 燕京 (Yānjīng)

Derived terms edit

Descendants edit

Sino-Xenic (北京):

Others:

See also edit

  • Other capitals in the Four Great Ancient Capitals of China: 南京 (Nánjīng) — 洛陽洛阳 (Luòyáng) — 西安 (Xī'ān)
  • Other directions: 南京 (Nánjīng, “southern capital”) — 東京东京 (Dōngjīng, “eastern capital”) — 西京 (Xījīng, “western capital”)

Japanese edit

 
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja

Etymology 1 edit

Kanji in this term

Grade: 2
きん
Grade: 2
tōon

From dialectal Chinese 北京 (Běijīng, literally northern capital).

Pronunciation edit

Proper noun edit

北京(ペキン) (Pekin

  1. Beijing (a direct-administered municipality, the capital city of China)

See also edit

Etymology 2 edit

Kanji in this term
ほく > ほっ
Grade: 2
きょう
Grade: 2
on’yomi

Compound of (ほく) (hoku, north) + (きょう) (kyō, capital city). Attested from the 13th century.[2]

Pronunciation edit

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Proper noun edit

(ほっ)(きょう) (Hokkyōほくきやう (fokukyau)?

  1. (history) Kyoto the "Northern Capital", as opposed to Nara the "Southern Capital"

References edit

  1. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998) NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  2. ^ 【北京】 ほっ‐きょう[ホクキャウ] 【北京】”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, Nihon Kokugo Daijiten)[1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000
  3. ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006) 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean edit

Hanja in this term

Proper noun edit

北京 (Bukgyeong) (hangeul 북경)

  1. Hanja form? of 북경 (Beijing).

Vietnamese edit

chữ Hán Nôm in this term

Proper noun edit

北京

  1. chữ Hán form of Bắc Kinh (Beijing).