匠
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TranslingualEdit
Han characterEdit
匠 (radical 22, 匚+4, 6 strokes, cangjie input 尸竹一中 (SHML), four-corner 71712, composition ⿷匚斤)
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 153, character 22
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2605
- Dae Jaweon: page 345, character 11
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 83, character 5
- Unihan data for U+5320
ChineseEdit
simp. and trad. |
匠 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 匞 |
Glyph originEdit
Historical forms of the character 匠 | ||
---|---|---|
Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Traditionally thought to be an ideogrammic compound (會意): 匚 (“box”) + 斤 (“axe”) (e.g. Shuowen).
In more recent scholarship (e.g. Zhengzhang, 2003; Baxter and Sagart, 2014), an alternative glyph origin has been proposed, suggesting that it is a phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *sbaŋs): phonetic 匚 (OC *paŋ) + semantic 斤 (“axe”).
EtymologyEdit
Several etymologies have been proposed:
- Related to Tibetan བྱང (byang, “skilled”) (Bodman, 1980) or སྤྱང (spyang, “skilful; clever”) (Sagart and Baxter, 2012). These comparisons would require the Old Chinese reconstruction to have a *sb- initial, which is possible if 匚 (OC *paŋ) is considered to be the phonetic component. The Middle Chinese initial would be derived as such: *s.b- > *zb- > *bz- > *dz- (Baxter and Sagart, 2014).
- Schuessler (2007), who reconstructs the Old Chinese minimally as *dzaŋh, deems it more likely to be from Mon-Khmer, comparing it to Khmer ចាំង (cang, “to dress; to trim (wood)”) (Schuessler, 2007).
- Jacques (2015) proposes another Sino-Tibetan etymology, comparing it to Tibetan མཛངས (mdzangs, “wise; intelligent”), which is derived from བཟང (bzang, “good”). Under this hypothesis, it can be derived from 臧 (OC *[ts]ˤaŋ, “good”), which has been connected to the Tibetan word. He postulates the derivation to consist of the nominalizing circumfix *k- -s and the applicative prefix *N-, yielding *k-N-tsaŋ-s > *k-dzaŋ-s.
PronunciationEdit
DefinitionsEdit
匠
CompoundsEdit
Derived terms from 匠
DescendantsEdit
ReferencesEdit
- “匠”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
- Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00420
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
匠
ReadingsEdit
- Go-on: ぞう (zō)←ざう (zau, historical)
- Kan-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)←しやう (syau, historical)
- Kun: たくみ (takumi, 匠)
CompoundsEdit
- 師匠 (shishō)
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
Alternative formsEdit
- しょう (shō)
Proper nounEdit
- A male given name
ReferencesEdit
KoreanEdit
EtymologyEdit
From Middle Chinese 匠 (MC d͡zɨɐŋH). Recorded as Middle Korean 쟈ᇰ〯 (Yale: cyang) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.
HanjaEdit
匠 (eumhun 장인 장 (jang-in jang))
CompoundsEdit
Compounds
ReferencesEdit
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [2]
VietnameseEdit
Han characterEdit
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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