卵
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Contents
TranslingualEdit
Han characterEdit
卵 (radical 26 卩+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 竹竹尸中戈 (HHSLI), four-corner 77720, composition ⿰𠂑卪)
ReferencesEdit
- KangXi: page 159, character 20
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2857
- Dae Jaweon: page 365, character 1
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 313, character 4
- Unihan data for U+5375
ChineseEdit
simp. and trad. |
卵 |
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Glyph originEdit
Historical forms of the character 卵 | ||
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Western Zhou | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) |
Bronze inscriptions | Chu Slip and silk script | Small seal script |
Characters in the same phonetic series (卵) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
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Old Chinese | |
卵 | *ɡ·roːlʔ, *ɡ·roːnʔ |
關 | *kroːn |
関 | *kroːn |
聯 | *ɡ·ron |
Etymology 1Edit
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-row (“egg, nit”). Cognate with Tibetan སྲོ་མ (sro ma, “egg of a louse, nit, small bubble”).
鯤 (OC *kuːn) may represent a doublet resulting from prefix preemption. Compare its variant 𡖉.
PronunciationEdit
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): leon5, leon5-2
- Gan (Wiktionary): lon3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): luan2
- Min Dong (BUC): lâung / luāng
- Min Nan
- Wu (Wiktionary): lu (T3); loe (T3)
- Xiang (Wiktionary): lonn3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄢˇ
- Wade-Giles: luan3
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: loan
- IPA (key): /lu̯a̠n²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: nuan3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: luan
- IPA (key): /nuan⁵³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Jyutping: leon5, leon5-2
- Yale: léuhn, léun
- Cantonese Pinyin: loen5, loen5-2
- Guangdong Romanization: lên5, lên2
- IPA (key): /lɵn¹³/, /lɵn¹³⁻³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)+
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: lon3
- IPA (key): /lɵn²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lón
- Hakka Romanization System: lon`
- Hagfa Pinyim: lon3
- IPA: /lon³¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: luan2
- IPA (old-style): /luæ̃⁵³/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: lâung / luāng
- IPA (key): /l̃ɑuŋ²⁴²/, /l̃uaŋ³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- lâung - colloquial;
- luāng - literary.
- Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nn̄g
- Tâi-lô: nn̄g
- Phofsit Daibuun: nng
- IPA (Xiamen, Kinmen): /nŋ̍²²/
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /nŋ̍³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Philippines, Jinjiang)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nňg
- Tâi-lô: nňg
- IPA (Quanzhou): /nŋ̍²²/
- IPA (Philippines, Jinjiang): /nŋ̍³³/
- (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Yilan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nūi
- Tâi-lô: nuī
- Phofsit Daibuun: nui
- IPA (Zhangzhou): /nuĩ²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung)
- nn̄g/nňg/nūi - vernacular;
- loán - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: neng6
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nṳ̆ng
- IPA (key): /nɯŋ³⁵/
- Wu
- (Shanghainese)
- Wiktionary: lu (T3); loe (T3)
- IPA (key): /lv̩ʷ²³/, /lø²³/
- (Shanghainese)
- 3lu - “egg”;
- 3loe - “penis”.
- Xiang
- (Changsha)
- Wiktionary: lonn3
- IPA (key): /lõ⁴¹/
- (Changsha)
Rime | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 卵 | 卵 |
Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
Initial (聲) | 來 (37) | 來 (37) |
Final (韻) | 桓 (62) | 戈 (95) |
Tone (調) | Rising (X) | Rising (X) |
Openness (開合) | Closed | Closed |
Division (等) | I | I |
Fanqie | 盧管切 | 郎果切 |
Reconstructions | ||
Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/luɑnX/ | /luɑX/ |
Pan Wuyun |
/lʷɑnX/ | /luɑX/ |
Shao Rongfen |
/luɑnX/ | /luɑX/ |
Edwin Pulleyblank |
/lwanX/ | /lwaX/ |
Li Rong |
/luɑnX/ | /luɑX/ |
Wang Li |
/luɑnX/ | /luɑX/ |
Bernard Karlgren |
/luɑnX/ | /luɑX/ |
Expected Mandarin Reflex |
luǎn | luǒ |
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | ||
---|---|---|
Character | 卵 | 卵 |
Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
luǎn | luǎn |
Middle Chinese |
‹ lwaX › | ‹ lwanX › |
Old Chinese |
/*k.rˤorʔ/ (dialect: *-r > *-j) | /*k.rˤorʔ/ |
English | egg | egg |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; |
Zhengzhang system (2003) | ||
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Character | 卵 | 卵 |
Reading # | 1/2 | 2/2 |
No. | 8639 | 8643 |
Phonetic component |
卵 | 卵 |
Rime group |
歌 | 元 |
Rime subdivision |
3 | 3 |
Corresponding MC rime |
裸 | 卵 |
Old Chinese |
/*ɡ·roːlʔ/ | /*ɡ·roːnʔ/ |
DefinitionsEdit
卵
- egg; ovum; roe; spawn
- (entomology) fertilised egg
- (regional) testicles
- (regional) penis; male genitals
SynonymsEdit
CompoundsEdit
Etymology 2Edit
For pronunciation and definitions of 卵 – see 𡳞 (“male genitalia; penis; etc.”). (This character, 卵, is a variant form of 𡳞.) |
JapaneseEdit
KanjiEdit
- an egg
ReadingsEdit
CompoundsEdit
Etymology 1Edit
Kanji in this term |
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卵 |
たまご Grade: 6 |
kun’yomi |
From 玉 (tama, “ball”) + 子 (ko, “child, small thing”). The ko reading for 子 changes to go as an instance of rendaku (連濁).
Alternative formsEdit
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
卵 (hiragana たまご, rōmaji tamago)
- an egg, including fish roe
-
1999 September 23, “ウィング・エッグ・エルフ [Wing Egg Elf]”, in Vol.5 (in Japanese), Konami:
- たまごのカラに身を包む天使。大きな羽で攻撃を防ぐ。
- Tamago no kara ni mi o tsutsumu tenshi. Ōki na hane de kōgeki o fusegu.
- An angel sheltered inside an eggshell. It fends off attacks with its massive wings.
- たまごのカラに身を包む天使。大きな羽で攻撃を防ぐ。
-
2000 July 13, “ドラゴン・エッガー [Dragon Egger]”, in Pharaoh’s Servant -ファラオのしもべ- (in Japanese), Konami:
- 卵のカラをかぶっているドラゴン。子供と間違えると痛い目にあうぞ!
- Tamago no kara o kabutte iru doragon. Kodomo to machigaeru to itaime ni au zo!
- A dragon who shelters in an eggshell. Never mistake him for a literal baby!
- 卵のカラをかぶっているドラゴン。子供と間違えると痛い目にあうぞ!
-
2003 July 17, “ジェノサイドキングサーモン [Genocide King Salmon]”, in 暗黒の侵略者 [Invader of Darkness] (in Japanese), Konami:
- 暗黒海の主として恐れられている巨大なシャケ。その卵は暗黒界一の美味として知られている。
- Ankokukai no nushi to shite osorerarete iru kyodai na shake. Sono tamago wa Ankokukaiichi no bimi to shiteshirarete iru.
- A giant salmon worst feared in the Dark Sea. Its roe is best known as the ultimate delicacy of the Dark World.
- 暗黒海の主として恐れられている巨大なシャケ。その卵は暗黒界一の美味として知られている。
-
- the beginning or start of something (compare the uses of English terms kernel and seed)
- a beginner or rookie at something
-
1988 July 30 [Jul 25 1985], Fujiko F. Fujio, “山寺グラフィティ [Mountain Temple Graffiti]”, in 宇宙船製造法 [How to Build a Spaceship] (藤子不二雄少年SF短編集; 3), volume 3 (fiction, in Japanese), 6th edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, →ISBN, page 106:
- ぼく、加藤広康。イラストレーターの卵。
- Boku, Katō Hiroyasu. Irasutorētā no tamago.
- My name’s Katō Hiroyasu. I’m a rookie illustrator.
- ぼく、加藤広康。イラストレーターの卵。
-
Usage notesEdit
This term in Japanese is nearly as broad in use as English egg, indicating an egg as laid by various oviparous organisms, and egg as used in cooking. For the more specific biological sense of ovum, see 卵子 (ranshi).
Etymology 2Edit
Kanji in this term |
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卵 |
らん Grade: 6 |
on’yomi |
From Middle Chinese 卵 (MC luɑnX).
PronunciationEdit
NounEdit
- an ovum