卵

卵 U+5375, 卵 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5375 ← 却 [U+5374] CJK Unified Ideographs 卶 → [U+5376]

卵 U+F91C, 卵 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-F91C ← 亂 [U+F91B] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 欄 → [U+F91D]

See also: 卯 and 卬

Contents

TranslingualEdit

Han characterEdit

卵 (radical 26 卩+5, 7 strokes, cangjie input 竹竹尸中戈 (HHSLI), four-corner 7772₀, composition ⿰𠂑卪)

ReferencesEdit

• KangXi: page 159, character 20
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2857
• Dae Jaweon: page 365, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 313, character 4
• Unihan data for U+5375

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ChineseEdit

simp. and trad.		卵

Glyph originEdit

Historical forms of the character 卵
Bronze inscriptions	Bamboo and silk script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (卵) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
卵	*ɡ·roːlʔ, *ɡ·roːnʔ
關	*kroːn
関	*kroːn
聯	*ɡ·ron

Pictogram (象形) – spawn, egg.

Etymology 1Edit

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-row (“egg, nit”). Cognate with Tibetan སྲོ་མ (sro ma, “egg of a louse, nit, small bubble”).

鯤 (OC *kuːn) may represent a doublet resulting from prefix preemption. Compare its variant 𡖉.

PronunciationEdit

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): luǎn (luan³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄨㄢˇ

  (Chengdu, SP): nuan³

• Cantonese (Jyutping): leon⁵, leon^5-2
• Gan (Wiktionary): lon³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): lón

  (Meixian, Guangdong): lon³

• Jin (Wiktionary): luan²
• Min Dong (BUC): lâung / luāng
• Min Nan

  (Hokkien, POJ): nn̄g / nňg / nūi / loán

  (Teochew, Peng'im): neng⁶

• Wu (Wiktionary): loe (T3); lu (T3)
• Xiang (Wiktionary): lonn³

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, Beijing)⁺
    • Pinyin: luǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄨㄢˇ
    • Wade-Giles: luan³
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: loan
    • IPA ^(key): /lu̯a̠n²¹⁴/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: nuan³
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: luan
    • IPA ^(key): /nuan⁵³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: leon⁵, leon^5-2
    • Yale: léuhn, léun
    • Cantonese Pinyin: loen⁵, loen^5-2
    • Guangdong Romanization: lên⁵, lên²
    • IPA ^(key): /lɵn¹³/, /lɵn¹³⁻³⁵/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: lon³
    • IPA ^(key): /lɵn²¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: lón
    • Hakka Romanization System: lon`
    • Hagfa Pinyim: lon³
    • IPA: /lon³¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: lon³
    • IPA: /lɔn³¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: luan²
    • IPA (old-style): /luæ̃⁵³/
• Min Dong
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: lâung / luāng
    • IPA ^(key): /l̃ɑuŋ²⁴²/, /l̃uaŋ³³/

Note:

• lâung - colloquial;
• luāng - literary.

• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Sanxia, Kinmen, Magong, Hsinchu, Taichung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nn̄g
    • Tâi-lô: nn̄g
    • Phofsit Daibuun: nng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /nŋ̍²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /nŋ̍³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /nŋ̍³³/
    • IPA (Kinmen): /nŋ̍²²/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nňg
    • Tâi-lô: nňg
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /nŋ̍²²/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Yilan)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nūi
    • Tâi-lô: nuī
    • Phofsit Daibuun: nui
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /nuĩ²²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: loán
    • Tâi-lô: luán
    • Phofsit Daibuun: loarn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /luan⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /luan⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /luan⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /luan⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /luan⁴¹/

Note:

• nn̄g/nňg/nūi - vernacular;
• loán - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: neng⁶
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nṳ̆ng
  • IPA ^(key): /nɯŋ³⁵/

• Wu
  • (Shanghainese)
    • Wiktionary: loe (T3); lu (T3)
    • IPA ^(key): /lø²³/, /lv̩ʷ²³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: lonn³
    • IPA ^(key): /lõ⁴¹/

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• Middle Chinese: /luɑn^X/, /luɑ^X/▼

Rime
Character	卵	卵
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	桓 (62)	戈 (95)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	盧管切	郎果切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/luɑnX/	/luɑX/
Pan Wuyun	/lʷɑnX/	/luɑX/
Shao Rongfen	/luɑnX/	/luɑX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lwanX/	/lwaX/
Li Rong	/luɑnX/	/luɑX/
Wang Li	/luɑnX/	/luɑX/
Bernard Karlgren	/luɑnX/	/luɑX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	luǎn	luǒ

• Old Chinese▼

  (Baxter-Sagart): /*k.rˤorʔ/, /*k.rˤorʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡ·roːlʔ/, /*ɡ·roːnʔ/

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	卵	卵
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	luǎn	luǎn
Middle Chinese	‹ lwaX ›	‹ lwanX ›
Old Chinese	/*k.rˤorʔ/ (dialect: *-r > *-j)	/*k.rˤorʔ/
English	egg	egg
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	卵	卵
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	8639	8643
Phonetic component	卵	卵
Rime group	歌	元
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	裸	卵
Old Chinese	/*ɡ·roːlʔ/	/*ɡ·roːnʔ/

DefinitionsEdit

卵

1. egg; ovum; roe; spawn
2. (entomology) fertilised egg
3. (regional) testicles

CompoundsEdit

Derived terms from 卵

• 事危累卵
• 以卵投石
• 以卵擊石／以卵击石
• 以石投卵
• 以碫投卵
• 伏卵
• 危如累卵
• 危於累卵／危于累卵
• 卵囊
• 卵囊球
• 卵圓／卵圆
• 卵圓形／卵圆形
• 卵圓窗／卵圆窗
• 卵塊／卵块
• 卵子 (luǎnzǐ)
• 卵子移植
• 卵孔
• 卵巢 (luǎncháo)
• 卵巢囊腫／卵巢囊肿 (luǎncháo nángzhǒng)
• 卵巢炎
• 卵巢癌 (luǎncháo'ái)
• 卵巢窩／卵巢窝
• 卵形 (luǎnxíng)
• 卵核
• 卵模
• 卵母細胞／卵母细胞

• 卵泡
• 卵生 (luǎnshēng)
• 卵用雞／卵用鸡
• 卵白 (luǎnbái)
• 卵石 (luǎnshí)
• 卵磷脂 (luǎnlínzhī)
• 卵精巢
• 卵細胞／卵细胞
• 卵翼 (luǎnyì)
• 卵翼之恩
• 卵育
• 卵胎生 (luǎntāishēng)
• 卵與石鬥／卵与石斗
• 卵袋
• 卵裂 (luǎnliè)
• 卵黃／卵黄 (luǎnhuáng)
• 卵黃囊／卵黄囊
• 卵黃管／卵黄管
• 卵黃腺／卵黄腺
• 受精卵 (shòujīngluǎn)
• 同卵
• 同卵雙生／同卵双生
• 呵脬捧卵
• 壓卵／压卵
• 孵卵機／孵卵机

• 完卵
• 巢傾卵破／巢倾卵破
• 巢毀卵破／巢毁卵破
• 排卵 (páiluǎn)
• 排卵期
• 排山壓卵／排山压卵
• 殺雞取卵／杀鸡取卵 (shājīqǔluǎn)
• 河卵石
• 泰山壓卵／泰山压卵
• 產卵／产卵
• 異卵／异卵
• 石卵
• 累卵 (lěiluǎn)
• 累卵之危
• 翼卵
• 若卵投石
• 覆巢傾卵／覆巢倾卵
• 覆巢毀卵／覆巢毁卵
• 覆巢破卵
• 赤眼卵蜂
• 輸卵管／输卵管 (shūluǎnguǎn)
• 重卵
• 雞卵／鸡卵 (jīluǎn)
• 魚卵／鱼卵 (yúluǎn)
• 鵝卵石／鹅卵石 (éluǎnshí)

Etymology 2Edit

For pronunciation and definitions of 卵 – see 𡳞. (This character, 卵, is a variant form of 𡳞.)

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JapaneseEdit

KanjiEdit

卵

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. an egg

ReadingsEdit

• Goon: らん (ran, Jōyō)
• Kan’on: らん (ran, Jōyō)
• Kun: たまご (tamago, 卵, Jōyō)

CompoundsEdit

Compounds

• 卵焼 (たまごやき) (tamagoyaki), 卵焼 (たまごや)き (tamagoyaki): omelet, fried eggs
• 梵 (ぼん)卵 (らん) (bonran): world egg
• 卵 (らん)黄 (おう) (ran'ō): yolk
• 卵殻 (らんかく) (rankaku): eggshell
• 卵 (らん)子 (し) (ranshi): ovum
• 卵 (らん)生 (せい) (ransei): oviparity
• 卵 (らん)巣 (そう) (ransō): ovary
• 卵白 (らんぱく) (ranpaku): albumen

Etymology 1Edit

Kanji in this term
卵
たまご Grade: 6
kun’yomi

卵

Compound of 玉 (tama, “ball”) +‎ 子 (ko, “child, small thing”). The final ko voices to go due to rendaku (連濁).

PronunciationEdit

• Kun’yomi
  • (Tokyo) たま​ご [tàmáꜜgò] (Nakadaka – [2])
  • (Tokyo) たまご [tàmágó] (Heiban – [0])
  • IPA^(key): [ta̠ma̠ɡo̞]

Alternative formsEdit

• 玉子

NounEdit

卵 (hiragana たまご, rōmaji tamago)

1. an egg

   This term in Japanese is nearly as broad in use as English egg, indicating an egg as laid by various oviparous organisms, and egg as used in cooking. For the more specific biological sense of ovum, see 卵子 (ranshi).

Etymology 2Edit

Kanji in this term
卵
らん Grade: 6
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 卵 (lwan^X).

PronunciationEdit

• On’yomi
  • (Tokyo) ら​ん [ráꜜǹ] (Atamadaka – [1])
  • IPA^(key): [ɾã̠ɴ]

NounEdit

卵 (hiragana らん, rōmaji ran)

1. ovum

ReferencesEdit

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KoreanEdit

HanjaEdit

卵 • (ran>nan)

• Eumhun:
  • Sound (hangeul): 란>난 (revised: ran, nan, McCune-Reischauer: ran, nan, Yale: lan, nan)
  • Name (hangeul): 알 (revised: al, McCune-Reischauer: al, Yale: al)

1. ovum

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VietnameseEdit

Han characterEdit

卵 (noãn)

1. ovum