域中

Chinese

		field; region; area field; region; area; (taxonomy) domain	middle; centre; within middle; centre; within; among; in; while (doing sth); during; China; Chinese; hit (the mark)
simp. and trad. (域中)		域	中

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yùzhōng

  (Zhuyin): ㄩˋ ㄓㄨㄥ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yùzhōng
    • Zhuyin: ㄩˋ ㄓㄨㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yùjhong
    • Wade–Giles: yü⁴-chung¹
    • Yale: yù-jūng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yuhjong
    • Palladius: юйчжун (jujčžun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /y⁵¹ ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: hwik trjuwng

Rime
Character	域	中
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Initial (聲)	云 (35)	知 (9)
Final (韻)	蒸 (135)	東 (2)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	雨逼切	陟弓切
Baxter	hwik	trjuwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦwɨk̚/	/ʈɨuŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦʷɨk̚/	/ʈiuŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣiuek̚/	/ȶiuŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦwik̚/	/ʈuwŋ/
Li Rong	/ɣiuək̚/	/ȶiuŋ/
Wang Li	/ɣĭwək̚/	/ȶĭuŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯wək̚/	/ȶi̯uŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yù	zhōng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	wik6	zung1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ɢ]ʷrək  truŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɢʷrɯɡ  tuŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	域	中
Reading #	1/1	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	yù	zhōng
Middle Chinese	‹ hwik ›	‹ trjuwng ›
Old Chinese	/*[ɢ]ʷrək/	/*truŋ/
English	territory	center
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	域	中
Reading #	1/1	1/2
No.	5554	17407
Phonetic component	或	中
Rime group	職	終
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	域	中
Old Chinese	/*ɢʷrɯɡ/	/*tuŋ/

Noun

域中

1. (literary) world; universe

   • 域中有四大，而人居其一焉。 [Classical Chinese, trad. and simp.]

     From: Tao Te Ching, 4^th century BCE

     Yùzhōng yǒu sìdà, ér rén jū qí yī yān. [Pinyin]

     The universe has four great ones, and Man is one of them.

2. (literary, figurative) China; country

   • 請看今日之域中，竟是誰家之天下？ [MSC, trad.]
     请看今日之域中，竟是谁家之天下？ [MSC, simp.]

     From: 7th century, 駱賓王 Luo Binwang, 《代徐敬業討武氏檄》Exhortation against Wu on behalf of Xu Jingye.

     Qǐngkàn jīnrì zhī yùzhōng, jìngshì shéijiā zhī tiānxià? [Pinyin]

     Please look at our country now, whose house does our nation end up belonging to?

Synonyms

• (world):

• 世 (shì) (literary, or in compounds)
• 世界 (shìjiè)
• 區宇／区宇 (qūyǔ) (literary, figurative)
• 四國／四国 (sìguó) (literary)
• 四海 (sìhǎi) (literary, figurative)
• 天下 (tiānxià) (literary, figurative)
• 天跤下 (Hokkien, figurative)
• 宇內／宇内 (yǔnèi) (literary, figurative)
• 薄海 (bóhǎi) (literary, figurative)

 

• (China):

• 中 (abbreviation)
• 中原 (Zhōngyuán)
• 中國／中国 (Zhōngguó)
• 中華／中华 (Zhōnghuá)
• 九州 (Jiǔzhōu)
• 唐山 (Tángshān)
• 天下 (tiānxià) (lofty)
• 天朝 (Tiāncháo) (historical or Internet slang)
• 支那 (Zhīnà) (obsolete, now usually derogatory or offensive)
• 桃花石 (Táohuāshí) (obsolete)
• 猜拿 (transliteration of English China)
• 神州 (Shénzhōu) (literary)
• 種花家／种花家 (Zhònghuājiā) (slang, humorous)
• 脂那 (Zhīnà) (obsolete)
• 至那 (Zhìnà) (obsolete)
• 華／华 (abbreviation)
• 華夏／华夏 (Huáxià)
• 諸夏／诸夏 (Zhūxià)
• 諸華／诸华 (Zhūhuá)
• 赤縣／赤县 (Chìxiàn) (literary)
• 赤縣神州／赤县神州 (Chìxiàn Shénzhōu) (literary)
• 震旦 (Zhèndàn) (archaic)