Wiktionary

壬

See also: 千, 王, and 𡈼
壬 U+58EC, 壬
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-58EC
← 士
[U+58EB] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 壭 →
[U+58ED]

Translingual

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Han character

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壬 (Kangxi radical 33, 士+1, 4 strokes, cangjie input 竹土 (HG), four-corner 20104, composition ⿱丿士(GJKV) or ⿱一士(HT))

Derived characters

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References

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 243, character 1
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 5639
  • Dae Jaweon: page 483, character 1
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 417, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+58EC

Chinese

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trad. 壬
simp. # 壬
alternative forms 𡈼

Glyph origin

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Historical forms of the character 壬
Shang Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
         
Characters in the same phonetic series (壬) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
紝 *nɯm, *njɯm, *njɯms
鵀 *nɯm, *njɯm, *njɯms
拰 *nɯmʔ
賃 *nɯms
任 *njɯm, *njɯms
壬 *l̥ʰeːŋʔ, *njɯm
恁 *njɯm, *njɯmʔ
銋 *njɯm, *njɯmʔ
荏 *njɯmʔ
餁 *njɯmʔ
栠 *njɯmʔ
袵 *njɯmʔ
飪 *njɯmʔ
妊 *njɯms
衽 *njɯms

Pictogram (象形) : Possibly a carrying pole, a meaning that was later transferred to 任 (rèn).

Pronunciation

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  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 壬
Mandarin Beijing /ʐən³⁵/
Harbin /ʐən²⁴/
Tianjin /ʐən⁴⁵/
Jinan /ʐẽ⁴²/
Qingdao /iə̃⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ʐən⁴²/
Xi'an /ʐẽ²⁴/
Xining /ʐə̃⁵³/
Yinchuan /ʐəŋ⁵³/
Lanzhou /ʐə̃n⁵³/
Ürümqi /ʐɤŋ⁵¹/
Wuhan /nən²¹³/
Chengdu /zən³¹/
Guiyang /zen²¹/
Kunming /ʐə̃³¹/
Nanjing /ʐən⁴⁴/
Hefei /ʐən⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /zəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /ʐəŋ¹³/
Hohhot /ʐə̃ŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ȵiŋ²³/
/zəŋ²³/
Suzhou /ȵin¹³/
Hangzhou /zen²¹³/
Wenzhou /ȵaŋ³¹/
Hui Shexian /iʌ̃⁴⁴/
Tunxi /ian⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /ʐən¹³/
Xiangtan /in¹²/
Gan Nanchang /lɨn⁴⁵/
Hakka Meixian /ŋim¹¹/
Taoyuan /ŋim¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jɐm²¹/
Nanning /jɐm²¹/
Hong Kong /jɐm²¹/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /lim³⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /iŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /iŋ²¹/
Shantou (Teochew) /zim³⁵/
Haikou (Hainanese) /zim³¹/
Rime
Character 壬
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 日 (38)
Final (韻) 侵 (139)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 如林切
Baxter nyim
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ȵiɪm/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ȵim/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ȵʑjem/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ȵim/
Li
Rong 		/ȵiəm/
Wang
Li 		/ȵʑĭĕm/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ȵʑi̯əm/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		rén
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jam4
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 壬
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		rén
Middle
Chinese 		‹ nyim ›
Old
Chinese 		/*n[ə]m/
English 9th heavenly stem

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 壬
Reading # 2/2
No. 10809
Phonetic
component 		壬
Rime
group 		侵
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		任
Old
Chinese 		/*njɯm/
Notes 甲文作工，象機縷，爲紝初文，坙（經）字從之

Definitions

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壬

  1. the ninth of the ten heavenly stems
  2. crafty; fawning
  3. a surname
  4. (Internet slang, derogatory) Eye dialect spelling of 人 (rén).

Coordinate terms

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Compounds

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Descendants

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  • → Zhuang: nyaemz

References

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Southern Min

Japanese

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Kanji

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壬

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

  1. ninth of the ten heavenly stems
  2. ninth rank
    1. something I

Readings

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  • Go-on: にん (nin)
  • Kan-on: じん (jin)
  • Kun: みずのえ (mizunoe, 壬)
  • Nanori: つぐ (tsugu)、みず (mizu)

Etymology 1

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Kanji in this term
壬
じん
Jinmeiyō
on'yomi
 
Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ja

From Middle Chinese 壬 (nyim).

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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壬(じん) • (Jin) 

  1. the ninth of the ten heavenly stems; something I
    Hypernyms: 天干 (tenkan), 十干 (jikkan)
    Coordinate terms: 甲, 乙, 丙, 丁, 戊, 己, 庚, 辛, 壬, 癸

Etymology 2

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Kanji in this term
壬
みずのえ
Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

水 (Mizu, “Water”, one of the Five Elements) +‎ の (no, attributive marker) +‎ 兄 (e, “elder brother”)

Pronunciation

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Proper noun

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壬(みずのえ) • (Mizunoe) ←みづのえ (midunoe)?

  1. the ninth of the ten heavenly stems
    Hypernyms: 天干 (tenkan), 十干 (jikkan)
    Coordinate terms: 甲, 乙, 丙, 丁, 戊, 己, 庚, 辛, 壬, 癸

Korean

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Hanja

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壬 • (im) (hangeul 임, revised im, McCune–Reischauer im)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

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Han character

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壬: Hán Nôm readings: nhăm, nhám, nhằm, nhâm, râm, nhẹm

  1. chữ Hán form of Nhâm (“ninth of the ten heavenly stems”).
    Hypernyms: 天干, 十干
    Coordinate terms: 甲, 乙, 丙, 丁, 戊, 己, 庚, 辛, 壬, 癸

Compounds

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