Japanese edit

Kanji in this term
おお
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

Etymology edit

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *əpə. Cognate with 大きい (ōkii, big, large) and Proto-Ryukyuan *opo (whence Okinawan 多さん (ufusan)).

Pronunciation edit

  • Tokyo pitch accent of inflected forms of "多い"
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Continuative (連用形) 多く おく [óꜜòkù]
Terminal (終止形) 多い おい [óꜜòì]
Attributive (連体形) 多い おい [óꜜòì]
Key constructions
Informal negative 多くない おくない [óꜜòkùnàì]
Informal past 多かった おかった [óꜜòkàttà]
Informal negative past 多くなかった おくなかった [óꜜòkùnàkàttà]
Formal 多いです おいです [óꜜòìdèsù]
Conjunctive 多くて おくて [óꜜòkùtè]
Conditional 多ければ おければ [óꜜòkèrèbà]

Adjective edit

(おお) (ōiおほい (ofoi)?-i (adverbial (おお) (ōku))

  1. there are many, there is much, there are numerous, there is an abundance, there amply exists
    ここは、(ひと)(おお)です。
    Koko wa, hito ga ōidesu.
    Here, people amply exist > This place has many people.
    今年(ことし)は、(ゆき)(おお)です。
    Kotoshi wa, yuki ga ōidesu.
    This year, the snow amply exists > It snows much this year.
    リンゴの(かず)は、ミカンより(おお)です。
    Ringo no kazu wa, mikan yori ōidesu.
    The number of apples has more abundance than oranges > The number of apples is greater than the number of oranges.

Usage notes edit

  • 多い cannot modify a noun to mean the referents of the noun are many.
    • Incorrect:
      (おお)(ひと)ōi hitoamply exist people
    • Correct:
      ()(ども)(おお)(ひと)kodomo ga ōi hitoa person whose children amply exist > a person with many children
      (ひと)(かず)(おお)hito no kazu ga ōithe number of people amply exist → there are many people
    • To modify a noun, use (おお) (ōku no), たくさん (takusan no), (かず)(おお) (kazuōi), etc.

Inflection edit

Synonyms edit

Antonyms edit

References edit

  1. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974) 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Second edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō
  2. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998) NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN